Risk factors for photic phenomena in two different multifocal diffractive intraocular lenses.

Photic phenomena are more pronounced in presbyopia-corrected than in monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), causing dissatisfaction after cataract surgery. Photic Phenomena Test (PPT) quantifies photic phenomena in eyes with two types of presbyopia-corrected IOL. We examined the relationship between preoperative eye shape and pupil diameter.

Establishment of CRISPR/Cas9-based knock-in in a hemimetabolous insect: targeted gene tagging in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.

Studies of traditional model organisms such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have contributed immensely to our understanding of the genetic basis of developmental processes. However, the generalizability of these findings cannot be confirmed without functional genetic analyses in additional organisms. Direct genome editing using targeted nucleases has the potential to transform hitherto poorly understood organisms into viable laboratory organisms for functional genetic study.

Impact of visceral fat obesity (obesity disease) on short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy in gastric cancer.

Background: As the incidence of obesity increases worldwide, laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) in obese patients with gastric cancer is more common. It is unclear how visceral fat obesity (obesity disease [OD]) may influence short- and long-term outcomes after LG.

Methods: This study included 170 gastric cancer patients who underwent curative LG at Minoh City Hospital from 2008 to 2020.

Bidirectional Association Among the Type of Atrial Fibrillation, Sleep-Disordered Breathing Severity, Heart Failure Progression, and Left Atrial Enlargement, in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

This study aimed to clarify (1) the association among the atrial fibrillation (AF) type, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), heart failure (HF), and left atrial (LA) enlargement, (2) the independent predictors of LA enlargement, and (3) the effects of ablation on those conditions in patients with AF. The study's endpoint was LA enlargement (LA volume index [LAVI] ≥ 78 mL/m).Of 423 patients with nonvalvular AF, 236 were enrolled.

Role of Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Epicardial Connections in the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation.

The presence of epicardial connections (ECs) between the pulmonary veins (PVs) and atrium may contribute to atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. This study aimed to determine the impact of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) on the presence of ECs and the interplay between SDB and ECs on AF recurrence.We retrospectively reviewed 400 consecutive non-valvular AF patients.

Ancestral allele of DNA polymerase gamma modifies antiviral tolerance.

Mitochondria are critical modulators of antiviral tolerance through the release of mitochondrial RNA and DNA (mtDNA and mtRNA) fragments into the cytoplasm after infection, activating virus sensors and type-I interferon (IFN-I) response. The relevance of these mechanisms for mitochondrial diseases remains understudied. Here we investigated mitochondrial recessive ataxia syndrome (MIRAS), which is caused by a common European founder mutation in DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1).

Efficient NMR measurement and data analysis supported by the Bayesian inference: The case of the heavy fermion compound YbCoZn.

We propose a data-driven technique to infer microscopic physical quantities from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, in which the data size and quality required for the Bayesian inference are investigated. The Co-NMR measurement of YbCoZn single crystal generates complex spectra with 28 peaks. By exploiting the site symmetry in the crystal structure, the isotropic Knight shift K and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) frequency ν were respectively estimated to be K=0.

Inclusive greenhouse gas budget assessment in turfs: From turf production to disposal of grass clippings.

Globally, greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction is a serious concern. To evaluate whether turfs serve as a GHG sink or source, GHG budget assessments for life cycle are required. However, previous studies have only focused on the use of turfs.

Involvement of the scalloped gene in morphogenesis of the wing margin via regulating cell growth in a hemimetabolous insect Gryllus bimaculatus.

The acquisition of wings was a key event in insect evolution. As hemimetabolous insects were the first group to acquire functional wings, establishing the mechanisms of wing formation in this group could provide useful insights into their evolution. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the expression and function of the gene scalloped (sd), which is involved in wing formation in Drosophila melanogaster, and in Gryllus bimaculatus mainly during postembryonic development.

Patient-Physician Communication and Perception of Treatment Goals in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Online Survey of Patients and Physicians.

Introduction: To evaluate patient-physician communication and patients' understanding of treatment goals in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of patients with RA and physicians treating RA was conducted between 16 and 30 June 2021. Participants were asked to rate the importance of 17 goals on a 6-point Likert scale, and mean scores were compared between patients and physicians by the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Combinatorial expression of ebony and tan generates body color variation from nymph through adult stages in the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus.

Insect body colors and patterns change markedly during development in some species as they adapt to their surroundings. The contribution of melanin and sclerotin pigments, both of which are synthesized from dopamine, to cuticle tanning has been well studied. Nevertheless, little is known about how insects alter their body color patterns.

Orientation of the intermediate-vision zone of rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses and photic phenomena.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between the orientation of the intermediate-vision zone and postoperative photic phenomena in eyes implanted with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses with + 1.5 diopters near addition.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative case series.

Giant Density of States Enhancement Driven by a Zero-Mode Landau Level in Semimetallic Black Phosphorus under Pressure.

Dirac fermion systems form a unique Landau level at the Fermi level-the so-called zero mode-whose observation itself will provide strong evidence of the presence of Dirac dispersions. Here, we report the study of semimetallic black phosphorus under pressure by ^{31}P-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements in a wide range of magnetic field up to 24.0 T.

Involvement of a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Gene in Specification of Chicken Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

The first event of differentiation and morphogenesis in the optic vesicle (OV) is specification of the neural retina (NR) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), separating the inner and outer layers of the optic cup, respectively. Here, we focus on a basic helix-loop-helix gene, , which has been shown to be expressed by the developing RPE in mice and zebrafish. Firstly, we examined the expression pattern of in the developing chicken eye primordia by in situ hybridization.

Frequency of Difficult Patient Encounters in a Japanese University Hospital and Community Hospitals: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective Difficult patient encounters (DPEs) are defined as encounters with patients causing strong negative feelings in physicians. In primary care settings, DPEs account for approximately 15% of visits among outpatients. To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiological study of DPEs in Japan.

Epicardial Connections After a Conventional Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: The existence of epicardial connection(s) (ECs) between the pulmonary veins (PVs) and atrium may hinder establishing a complete PV antrum isolation (AI) (PVAI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and location of ECs inside the conventional PVAI lines.

Methods and results: Three-hundred consecutive patients with non-valvular AF were evaluated.

Positive dysphotopsia after intrascleral intraocular lens fixation: a case report.

Background: Positive dysphotopsia is a symptom caused by the reflection of incident light through the pupil at the inner surface of the intraocular lens (IOL) edge after cataract surgery and is perceived as an abnormal arcuate or radiating photopic image at night or indoors with a light source. Although positive dysphotopsia is one of the most important symptoms that affect patients after cataract surgery, it is still not well known even among ophthalmologists. Positive dysphotopsia as the cause of patient complaint following intraocular surgery other than cataract surgery has not been identified.