Differentially Charged Liposomes Stimulate Dendritic Cells with Varying Effects on Uptake and Processing When Used Alone or in Combination with an Adjuvant.

Liposomes carrying differential charges have been extensively studied for their role in stimulating dendritic cells (DCs), major antigen-presenting cells, known to serve as a pivotal bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. However, the impact of the differentially charged liposomes on activating DCs remains to be understood. In this study, we have investigated the impact of 1,2-distearoyl--glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC)-based neutral, anionic, and cationic liposomes on the uptake, immunostimulation, and intracellular fate in mouse bone-marrow-derived DCs.

RNA-Seq Revealed Expression of Many Novel Genes Associated With Persistence and Clearance in the Host Macrophage.

Host- as well as parasite-specific factors are equally crucial in allowing either the parasites to dominate, or host macrophages to resist infection. To identify such factors, we infected murine peritoneal macrophages with either the virulent (vAG83) or the non-virulent (nvAG83) parasites of . Then, through dual RNA-seq, we simultaneously elucidated the transcriptomic changes occurring both in the host and the parasites.

A Lipid Based Antigen Delivery System Efficiently Facilitates MHC Class-I Antigen Presentation in Dendritic Cells to Stimulate CD8(+) T Cells.

The most effective strategy for protection against intracellular infections such as Leishmania is vaccination with live parasites. Use of recombinant proteins avoids the risks associated with live vaccines. However, due to low immunogenicity, they fail to trigger T cell responses particularly of CD8(+) cells requisite for persistent immunity.

Potentiating effects of MPL on DSPC bearing cationic liposomes promote recombinant GP63 vaccine efficacy: high immunogenicity and protection.

Background: Vaccines that activate strong specific Th1-predominant immune responses are critically needed for many intracellular pathogens, including Leishmania. The requirement for sustained and efficient vaccination against leishmaniasis is to formulate the best combination of immunopotentiating adjuvant with the stable antigen (Ag) delivery system. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an immunomodulator on liposomal Ag through subcutaneous (s.

Vaccination with liposomal leishmanial antigens adjuvanted with monophosphoryl lipid-trehalose dicorynomycolate (MPL-TDM) confers long-term protection against visceral leishmaniasis through a human administrable route.

The development of a long-term protective subunit vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis depends on antigens and adjuvants that can induce an appropriate immune response. The immunization of leishmanial antigens alone shows limited efficacy in the absence of an appropriate adjuvant. Earlier we demonstrated sustained protection against Leishmania donovani with leishmanial antigens entrapped in cationic liposomes through an intraperitoneal route.

Potency, efficacy and durability of DNA/DNA, DNA/protein and protein/protein based vaccination using gp63 against Leishmania donovani in BALB/c mice.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania, is fatal in the absence of treatment. At present there are no effective vaccines against any form of leishmaniasis. Here, we evaluate the potency, efficacy and durability of DNA/DNA, DNA-prime/Protein-boost, and Protein/Protein based vaccination against VL in a susceptible murine model.