A Tear-Based Approach for Rapid Identification of Bacterial Pathogens in Corneal Ulcers Using Nanopore Sequencing.

Purpose: Corneal ulcers pose a significant threat to vision, with the need for prompt and precise pathogen identification being critical to effective treatment. This study assesses the efficacy of using next-generation portable sequencing (Nanopore Technology) to detect and identify bacterial pathogens directly from tear samples, providing a non-invasive alternative to traditional corneal scraping and culture, which are limited by high false-negative rates.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Treatment of ocular-involving monkeypox virus with topical trifluridine and oral tecovirimat in the 2022 monkeypox virus outbreak.

Purpose: To report a case of ocular involving monkeypox infection in the United States during the 2022 outbreak, and to review the literature regarding its clinical manifestations and management known to date.

Observations: A 36-year-old man with well controlled HIV presented to the emergency department with anal pain, diffuse rash, right eye pain, and right eye redness after he tested positive for monkeypox one week prior. Ocular examination showed bilateral periorbital vesicular lesions, right eye conjunctival injection, and a single white plaque on his right medial bulbar conjunctiva.

Psychological Reactance is a Novel Risk Factor for Adolescent Antiretroviral Treatment Failure.

Psychological reactance is an aversive response to perceived threats against personal agency. For adolescents receiving HIV treatment in Botswana, we utilized a two-question, medication-specific reactance tool to assess whether: (1) verbal reminders to take medicines made adolescents want to avoid taking them, and, (2) whether adolescents felt anger when reminded to take medicines. Reactant adolescents had 2.