Analysis of 1027 Adverse Events Reports for Interspinous Process Devices From the US Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience Database.

Background: Interspinous process devices (IPDs) introduce a new class of complications to surgical decompression without fusion: hardware-related complications. The purpose of this study was to describe the adverse events associated with IPDs.

Study Design: This was a retrospective review of the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database.

Perioperative Infection Prophylaxis With Vancomycin is a Significant Risk Factor for Deep Surgical Site Infection in Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of cefazolin versus vancomycin for perioperative infection prophylaxis.

Summary Of Background Data: The relative efficacy of cefazolin alternatives for perioperative infection prophylaxis is poorly understood.

Lessons Learned from the Sea Star Wasting Disease Investigation.

Marine invertebrate mass mortality events (MMEs) threaten biodiversity and have the potential to catastrophically alter ecosystem structure. A proximal question around acute MMEs is their etiologies and/or environmental drivers. Establishing a robust cause of mortality is challenging in marine habitats due to the complexity of the interactions among species and the free dispersal of microorganisms from surrounding waters to metazoan microbiomes.

Psoas Muscle Health is Correlated With Time to Achieve MCID in Patients With Predominant Axial Back Pain Following Decompression Surgery: Early Results.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine the impact of psoas muscle health [cross-sectional area (CSA)] on achieving minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following laminectomy for patients with predominant back pain (PBP) and leg pain (PLP).

Summary Of Background Data: Psoas muscle health is linked to postoperative outcomes in decompression patients, with MRI-based grading of psoas CSA correlating with these outcomes.

Decisional regret following corrective adult spinal deformity surgery: a single institution study of incidence and risk factors.

Purpose: To assess the characteristics and risk factors for decisional regret following corrective adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery at our hospital.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of a single-surgeon ASD database. Adult patients (> 40 years) who underwent ASD surgery from May 2016 to December 2020 with minimum 2-year follow-up were included (posterior-only, ≥ 4 levels fused to the pelvis) (n = 120).

Publication Rates Vary Across Orthopaedic Subspecialties: A Longitudinal Analysis of AAOS Abstracts.

Background: Presentation of research at national orthopaedic meetings and subsequent publication are important for both information exchange among surgeons and individual academic advancement. However, the academic landscape and pressures that researchers face may differ greatly across different subspecialties. This study attempts to explore and quantify differences in research presented at national conferences and its implication on ultimate likelihood of publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Factors that determine first intubation attempt success in high-risk neonates.

Background: Approximately 50% of all neonatal endotracheal intubation attempts are unsuccessful and associated with airway injury and cardiorespiratory instability. The aim of this study was to describe intubation practice at a high-risk Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and identify factors associated with successful intubation at the first attempt.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all infants requiring intubation within the Royal Children's Hospital NICU over three years.

Validation of the ACL-RSI Scale in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients.

Background: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale is a 12-item questionnaire assessing psychological readiness to return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. It has been validated for use in adults in multiple languages and in an abbreviated 6-question short form. Additionally, literature has been published using this scale in pediatric and adolescent populations, however it has not yet been validated for use with them.

Why Didn't You Walk Yesterday? Factors Associated With Slow Early Recovery After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Study Design: This is a retrospective case-control study.

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to identify (1) risk factors for delayed ambulation following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and (2) complications associated with delayed ambulation.

Methods: One-hundred and ninety-one patients with ASD who underwent posterior-only fusion (≥5 levels, LIV pelvis) were reviewed.

Changes in height, weight, and body mass index after posterior spinal fusion in juvenile and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis is known to increase spinal height, but the impacts on weight and resulting body mass index are unknown. This study assesses body mass index, weight, and height percentile changes over time after posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: Body mass index, weight, and height age- and sex-adjusted percentiles for patients with idiopathic scoliosis undergoing posterior spinal fusion between January 2016 and August 2022 were calculated based on growth charts from the Centers for Disease Control for Disease Control and compared to preoperative values at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years.

Neonatal clinical examination and selective ultrasound screening are not reliable for the early diagnosis of hip dysplasia: A retrospective cohort study.

Aim: To compare the incidence, clinical features and timing of initial treatment of early- and later-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infancy in the context of a risk-based selective ultrasound screening programme.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of infants born at a tertiary perinatal centre in Melbourne, Australia, between July 2016 and June 2020 and treated for DDH up to 18 months of age at a tertiary paediatric centre. The incidence of DDH was calculated for early- and later-presenting cases.

Removing or Only Moving a Barrier? Screening Applications with US Medical Licensing Examination Step 2CK Instead of Step 1 May Benefit Women but Not Underrepresented Minorities in Orthopaedics.

Unlabelled: Most orthopaedic surgery program directors report using a minimum score cutoff for the US Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 examination when evaluating residency applicants. The transition to a Pass/Fail grading system beginning in the 2022-2023 application cycle will alter applicant evaluation in the interview selection process. The impact of this change, particularly on women and underrepresented minority (URM) applicants, remains unclear.

Changes in research quality and surgical trends at the international congress on early-onset scoliosis.

Purpose: The founding of the International Congress for Early Onset Scoliosis (ICEOS) and first annual meeting in 2007 represented a significant milestone in advancing the care of patients with EOS. Due to the complexity and rarity of EOS, this annual conference is the premiere venue for physicians, researchers, and advanced practice providers to identify and understand the best treatments for children with EOS. This study examines the trend of various treatment modalities presented at ICEOS and the changes in research quality since its inception.

A Glass Ceiling in Orthopedic Surgery: Publication Trends by Gender.

Women are underrepresented across the field of orthopedic surgery and may face barriers to academic advancement. Research presentation at national meetings and publication record are important drivers of advancement in academic orthopedic surgery. However, little is known regarding potential gender differences in publication after orthopedic conference research presentation.

No Difference in Perioperative Complications for Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Staged at 1 Week Compared With Delayed Staging.

Introduction: Controversy exists regarding the safety of simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) versus two TKA procedures staged months apart in patients with bilateral knee arthritis. Here, we investigated a third option: bilateral TKA staged 1 week apart. In this study, we examined the rate of complications in patients undergoing bilateral TKA staged at 1 week compared with longer time intervals.

Risk of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction in operatively treated early onset spinal deformity.

Purpose: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is a common neurosurgical procedure performed in patients with early onset scoliosis (EOS). To provide insight into the risks of spine lengthening operations, we investigate the rate of VP shunt complications in patients with EOS undergoing spinal deformity correction interventions.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all patients with EOS at a single institution undergoing spinal deformity correction procedures from 2007 to 2018.

Pediatric Orthopedic Trauma Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of the Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America.

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered the practice of pediatric orthopedic trauma surgery in both outpatient and inpatient settings. While significant declines in patient volume have been noted, the impact on surgeon decision-making is unclear. We sought to investigate changes in pediatric orthopedic trauma care delivery as a result of COVID-19 and determine their implications for future orthopedic practice.

Weight gain and gastrostomy tube safety during serial body casting for early onset scoliosis.

Purpose: Serial casting has been shown to improve curve deformity for patients with early-onset scoliosis (EOS). However, despite prior literature demonstrating the importance of weight and nutrition in EOS patients, there is limited information regarding complications and weight gain ability for children undergoing serial casting. Additionally, parents of patients undergoing serial casting often have concerns regarding weight gain and patient comfort, which tend to be amplified in patients with gastrostomy tubes (g-tubes).

Practice Variation in Use of Neuroimaging Among Infants With Concern for Abuse Treated in Children's Hospitals.

Importance: Infants who appear neurologically well and have fractures concerning for abuse are at increased risk for clinically occult head injuries. Evidence of excess variation in neuroimaging practices when abuse is suspected may indicate opportunity for quality and safety improvement.

Objective: To quantify neuroimaging practice variation across children's hospitals among infants with fractures evaluated for abuse, with the hypothesis that hospitals would vary substantially in neuroimaging practices.

MRI Predictors of Residual Dysplasia in Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Following Open and Closed Reduction.

Background: Following open or closed reduction for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip, there remains a significant risk of residual acetabular dysplasia which can compromise the long-term health of the hip joint. The purpose of this study was to use postoperative in-spica magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to determine factors predictive of residual acetabular dysplasia at short-term follow-up.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 63 hips in 48 patients which underwent closed or open reduction and spica casting for developmental dysplasia of the hip.

"Will I Need a Brace?": likelihood of curve progression to bracing range in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Bracing treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is typically initiated in skeletally immature patients with primary curves greater than 25°. The goal of this study was to develop a model predicting a patient's likelihood of progressing to bracing treatment.

Methods: All patients with AIS presenting to a large pediatric spine center with a primary curve below 25° and skeletally immature (Sanders stage 1-6) were included.

Predicting Outcomes of Talar Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions in Children.

Background: Reports detailing the rates of radiographic healing after treatment of talar osteochondritis dissecans (TOCD) remain scarce. There is also a paucity of data characterizing treatment outcomes and the risk factors associated with poor outcomes in children with TOCD.

Purpose: To identify factors associated with healing, assess treatment outcomes, and develop a clinically useful nomogram for predicting healing of TOCD in children.