Trends in naloxone co-prescriptions.

Background: The opioid epidemic remains a significant public health crisis in the United States. Naloxone has been identified as a critical component in combating this crisis. However, co-prescription rates among patients receiving opioids remain suboptimal, especially among certain high-risk populations.

Barriers and motivational factors for engaging in novel opioid and medication disposal-related services in community pharmacies.

Objective: This study aimed to explore and identify motivational factors and barriers for pharmacy personnel participation in specific opioid mitigation programs, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as an investigational framework.

Methods: A naturalistic inquiry method was employed involving semi-structured interviews with pharmacy personnel to assess their intentions, attitudes, normative beliefs, and behaviors towards participating in naloxone dispensing and provision of at-home drug disposal solutions. Purposive sampling was utilized to recruit participants, with saturation achieved after 12 interviews.

Pharmacy-faculty work-life balance and career satisfaction: Comparison of national survey results from 2012 and 2018.

Background: Changes in demographics and composition of pharmacy faculty, along with faculty perceived stress, work-life balance and career satisfaction have yet to be fully documented.

Objective: To compare recent results from a national survey of work-life balance and career satisfaction of United States (U.S.

Performance on advanced pharmacy practice experiences after implementation of mock acute care patient simulations.

Introduction: We sought to compare student performance on acute care advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) pre- and post-incorporation of mock acute care patient simulations into the curriculum.

Methods: A series of mock acute care APPE simulations (MACAS) were developed and incorporated into Touro University California College of Pharmacy curriculum for first- and second-year pharmacy students. Results for student performance on Acute Care I and Acute Care II APPEs were collected for students who received none, one year, or two years of the MACAS.

Multiple comparisons: To compare or not to compare, that is the question.

Researchers attempt to minimize Type-I errors (concluding there is a relationship between variables, when there in fact, isn't one) in their experiments by exerting control over the p-value thresholds or alpha level. If a statistical test is conducted only once in a study, it is indeed possible for the researcher to maintain control, so that the likelihood of a Type-I error is equal to or less than the significance (p-value) level. When making multiple comparisons in a study, however, the likelihood of making a Type-I error can dramatically increase.

A narrative review of using prescription drug databases for comorbidity adjustment: A less effective remedy or a prescription for improved model fit?

Background: The use of claims data for identifying comorbid conditions in patients for research purposes has been widely explored. Traditional measures of comorbid adjustment included diagnostic data (e.g.

Glyburide Use in Older Adults: Pharmacy Claims Data Analysis of a Regional Healthcare Organization.

Background/objectives: Glyburide was added to the 2012 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria® due to the risk of hypoglycemic events in older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate trends of glyburide use in persons aged 65 and older with diabetes mellitus, type II, before, during, and after the 2012 AGS Beers Criteria® Update.

Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study comparing pharmacy claims data from four Sharp Rees-Stealy clinic regions over 5 years (2010-2015).

Men's Health-Related Magazines: A Retrospective Study of What They Recommend and the Evidence Addressing Their Recommendations.

Magazines have traditionally been an effective medium for delivering health media messages to large populations or specific groups. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated nine issues from 2016 publications of American men's health-related magazines ( and ) to evaluate their recommendations and determine their validity by examining corresponding evidence found in the peer-reviewed scientific literature. We extracted health recommendations ( = 161) from both magazines and independently searched and evaluated evidence addressing the recommendations.

Is competitive body-building pathological? Survey of 984 male strength trainers.

Objectives: Hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of individuals worldwide engage in competitive body-building. Body-building often attracts derogatory characterisations such as as 'bizarre' or 'narcissistic,' or a 'freak show', seemingly implying that it is associated with pathology. Few studies have compared psychological features in competitive bodybuilders versus recreational strength trainers.

Implementation of Mock Acute Care Advance Pharmacy Practice Experience Simulations and an Assessment Rubric.

To implement a mock acute care advanced pharmacy practice experience series into the didactic training of second-year pharmacy students and validate an accompanying assessment rubric. Three 90-minute acute care patient simulation laboratory sessions were developed with input from clinical specialists, preceptors, students, and faculty members. An accompanying student evaluation rubric was also developed.

Anabolic steroid users' misuse of non-traditional prescription drugs.

Background: Few anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) users disclose their performance enhancing drug (PED) use with their healthcare providers. AAS users practice polypharmacy with prescription medications to counter adverse effects of AAS, to further their muscular gains, or to lose weight.

Objectives: To compare and contrast AAS using and non-AAS using gym clients regarding PED use, in particular prescription drugs.

The CASTRO study: Unsafe sexual behaviors and illicit drug use among gay and bisexual men who use anabolic steroids.

Background And Objectives: The majority of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) studies have focused on the general male population. Approximately 15% of gay or bisexual men are seropositive for HIV and many AASs are administered via injection. Thus, AAS use among gay and bisexual men likely poses a greater risk of spreading infectious disease.

Differences in Career Satisfaction, Work-life Balance, and Stress by Gender in a National Survey of Pharmacy Faculty.

Introduction: The percentage of women pharmacy students and pharmacy faculty has greatly increased over the last 40 years. However, it is not known whether gender differences exist in terms of career satisfaction, work-life balance, and stress in the pharmacy academia workplace.

Methods: Results from a national web-based survey administered to American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) members were utilized.

The impact of work-life balance on intention to stay in academia: Results from a national survey of pharmacy faculty.

Purpose: Border-Crossing theory suggests work-life balance and career satisfaction are inter-related and disappointment in work-life balance may predict changes in one's career path. Application of this theory to health profession faculty is plausible but has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study is to examine factors related to reported career change intention among United States pharmacy school faculty and to determine if Border-Crossing theory fits these observations.

Board-Certified Oncology Pharmacists: Their Potential Contribution to Reducing a Shortfall in Oncology Patient Visits.

Purpose: With an aging US population, the number of patients who need cancer treatment will increase significantly by 2020. On the basis of a predicted shortage of oncology physicians, nonphysician health care practitioners will need to fill the shortfall in oncology patient visits, and nurse practitioners and physician assistants have already been identified for this purpose. This study proposes that appropriately trained oncology pharmacists can also contribute.

Medication regimen complexity and readmissions after hospitalization for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: Readmission rate is increasingly being viewed as a key indicator of health system performance. Medication regimen complexity index scores may be predictive of readmissions; however, few studies have examined this potential association. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether medication regimen complexity index is associated with all-cause 30-day readmission after admission for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Survey of career satisfaction, lifestyle, and stress levels among pharmacy school faculty.

Purpose: U.S. pharmacy school faculty were surveyed to assess their career satisfaction, lifestyle, and stress levels.

A randomized prospective study on outcomes of an empathy intervention among second-year student pharmacists.

Objective: To determine the impact of a single, 3-day intervention on empathy levels as measured by the validated Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Profession Students version (JSE-HPS).

Methods: Forty second-year student pharmacists were recruited to participate in a non-blinded prospective study. Subjects were randomized to an intervention group (n=20) or control group (n=20) and completed the JSE-HPS at baseline, 7 days postintervention, and 90 days postintervention.

Perceived benefits and challenges of interprofessional education based on a multidisciplinary faculty member survey.

Objective: To identify differences among faculty members in various health professional training programs in perceived benefits and challenges of implementing interprofessional education (IPE).

Methods: A 19-item survey using a 5-point Likert scale was administered to faculty members across different health disciplines at a west coast, multicollege university with osteopathic medicine, pharmacy, and physician assistant programs.

Results: Sixty-two of 103 surveys (60.

Factors impacting self-perceived readiness for residency training: results of a national survey of postgraduate year 1 residents.

Objective: To examine the factors impacting postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residents' self-perceived readiness for residency.

Methods: A total of 1801 residents who matched in American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP)-accredited PGY1 programs were e-mailed individualized invitations to take an online survey. The survey collected self-ratings of readiness for residency training competencies including time management and organization, foundational knowledge, clinical practice, project management, and communication.

Factors affecting the unmet demand for pharmacists: state-level analysis.

Objective: To describe the relationship between state-level Aggregate Demand Index (ADI) data and market factors reflecting both supply and demand: unemployment rates, pharmacy graduates, community pharmacy prescription growth rates, and Medicare Part D.

Design: Cross-sectional time series analysis using state-level data.

Setting: U.