Delta troponin does not distinguish acute coronary syndrome in emergency department patients with renal impairment and an initial positive troponin.

Background: In emergency department (ED) patients with renal impairment, troponin concentrations can be positive without myocardial ischemia. When there is clinical concern for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), guidelines recommend obtaining a delta troponin measurement to identify acute myocardial injury. However, evidence supporting the use of delta troponin to rule in or out ACS in patients with renal impairment and initial elevated troponin levels is limited.

Evaluation of calcium ion release from apical plugs formed by Biodentine and MTA with and without incorporation of triple antibiotic powder and modified triple antibiotic powder (cefaclor) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry - An study.

Introduction: Apexification procedure with Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine as apical plugs along with the incorporation of medicaments such as silver zeolite, chlorhexidine, and triple antibiotic powder (TAP) is a new area of research that is gradually gaining momentum in dentistry.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate and compare the calcium released from the apical plugs formed by MTA and Biodentine with and without incorporation of 2% TAP and 2% modified triple antibiotic powder (mTAP).

Materials And Methods: Ninety single-rooted teeth were randomly divided ( = 15) into two experimental groups with three subgroups (n = 5) each based on the composition of apical plugs (4 mm) as follows: Group A: Biodentine - Subgroup 1: Biodentine, Subgroup 2: Biodentine + 2% TAP, and Subgroup 3: Biodentine + 2% modified TAP and Group B: MTA - Subgroup 1: MTA, Subgroup 2: MTA + 2% TAP, and Subgroup 3: MTA + 2% modified TAP.

Antitussive Use in Patients with Inadequately Controlled Moderate-to-Severe Asthma: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Omalizumab EXTRA Trial.

Acute and chronic cough are common symptoms in patients with severe allergic asthma. Although asthma-related cough can be controlled by asthma-specific medications, both prescription and over-the-counter antitussives are often also necessary. The anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody omalizumab is an effective treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe asthma, but little is known about subsequent antitussive use patterns.

Comparison of Ribbond and Everstick Post in Reinforcing the Re-attached Maxillary Incisors Having Two Oblique Fracture Patterns: An Study.

Aim And Objective: This study aims to compare the resistance to fracture in maxillary incisors which were fractured in two different oblique patterns and then were re-attached and reinforced using anatomic fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post.

Materials And Methods: Sixty extracted and intact human maxillary incisors were obtained and divided into two groups (A and B; = 30). "Labiopalatal" and "palatolabial" fractures were induced in group A and group B, respectively.

Neonatal Pig Sertoli Cells Survive Xenotransplantation by Creating an Immune Modulatory Environment Involving CD4 and CD8 Regulatory T Cells.

The acute cell-mediated immune response presents a significant barrier to xenotransplantation. Immune-privileged Sertoli cells (SC) can prolong the survival of co-transplanted cells including xenogeneic islets, hepatocytes, and neurons by protecting them from immune rejection. Additionally, SC survive as allo- and xenografts without the use of any immunosuppressive drugs suggesting elucidating the survival mechanism(s) of SC could be used to improve survival of xenografts.

Caesarean Delivery in the Second Stage of Labour at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Caesarean section performed in the second stage of labour has many implications for maternal and neonatal morbidity as well as for subsequent pregnancies. A study was conducted to analyse the indications and maternal and neonatal prognosis of caesarean sections performed in the second stage of labour. Four percentage of caesarean sections were performed in the second stage of labour; 60% of these were referred cases.

Mortality in H1N1: A comparison of patient attributes in outbreaks due to A/California/7/2009 and A/Michigan/45/2015 strains.

Introduction: The resurgence of epidemic of Influenza A (H1N1) pdm 09 was phenomenal in 2015 and has become an annual phenomenon. Antigenic drift and reassortment is the rule rather than exception, conferring survival benefit to the virus. As this disease has high mortality, we compared the clinico-epidemiological profile of patients expired in the year 2015 due to "A/California/7/2009" strain with those of expired in the year 2018 due to "A/Michigan/45/2015" strain.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and Hypertension Masquerading Primary Aldosteronism.

Hypertension is a frequent early manifestation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Many mechanisms cause hypertension in ADPKD; however, primary aldosteronism (PA) as a possible manifestation of hypertension in ADPKD is extremely rare. The diagnosis of PA in ADPKD is extremely challenging because multiple renal cysts can mask the identification of adrenal adenomas, and ADPKD is associated with hypertension in majority of cases.

DDX4-EGFP transgenic rat model for the study of germline development and spermatogenesis.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) are essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility. In addition, these adult tissue stem cells can be used as vehicles for germline modification in animal models and may have application for treating male infertility. To facilitate the investigation of SSCs and germ lineage development in rats, we generated a DEAD-box helicase 4 (DDX4) (VASA) promoter-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter transgenic rat.

Peripheral Neuropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical and Electrophysiological Properties and their Association with Disease Activity Parameters.

Aim: To study clinical and electrophysiological properties of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their association with disease activity parameters.

Methods: A hospital-based observational study done among 50 SLE patients after informed consent. History and clinical examination including a detailed neurological examination was carried out.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Deep Vein Thrombosis and Cutaneous Ulcer.

We are reporting a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with left upper limb and lower limb deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to protein S deficiency which was aggravated by anticoagulants. Oral anticoagulant-induced skin necrosis also developed in this patient. This patient was negative for anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA).

Stiff Person Syndrome.

Stiff-person syndrome or Moersch-Woltmann is a very rare and disabling neurologic disorder characterized by muscle rigidity and episodic spasms involving axial and limb musculature. It is an autoimmune disorder resulting in a malfunction of aminobutyric acid mediated inhibitory networks in the central nervous system. We describe a patient of stiff person syndrome.

Xenotransplanted Pig Sertoli Cells Inhibit Both the Alternative and Classical Pathways of Complement-Mediated Cell Lysis While Pig Islets Are Killed.

Xenotransplantation has vast clinical potential but is limited by the potent immune responses generated against xenogeneic tissue. Immune-privileged Sertoli cells (SCs) survive xenotransplantation long term (≥90 days) without immunosuppression, making SCs an ideal model to identify xenograft survival mechanisms. Xenograft rejection includes the binding of natural and induced antibodies and the activation of the complement cascade.

A study of an influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in pregnant women in Rajasthan, India.

Objectives: To describe the clinical and epidemiological factors of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09-infected patients who were pregnant or in the puerperal period during a recent influenza outbreak in Rajasthan, India.

Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed using hospital records of individuals with confirmed influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection admitted to a large tertiary care center in Rajasthan, India, between January 1 and March 15, 2015.

Results: The study cohort included 44 patients who were pregnant or in the puerperal period.

Estimation of vitamin D levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients and its correlation with the disease activity.

Aim: To detect level of serum vitamin D in patients of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to establish relationship between serum vitamin D level and disease activity in RA.

Method: Eighty patients of RA fulfilling 1987 revised criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) of RA classification and eighty healthy controls were included in the study. 25 (OH) vitamin D levels were measured.

Anatomic and diagnostic challenges of C-shaped root canal system.

Successful root canal treatment depends on the thorough management of the canal anatomy. The use of periapical radiographs is essential to identify and monitor the canal's morphological variations. The C-shaped single canaled man-dibular 2nd molar probably requires a different regimen of treatment from the two rooted, three canaled version, as it is rare.

Nondividing, postpubertal rat sertoli cells resumed proliferation after transplantation.

Conventionally, it was believed that Sertoli cells (SC) stopped proliferating at puberty and became terminally differentiated quiescent cells. However, recent studies have challenged that dogma. In this study, we transplanted nondividing SC isolated from 23- to 27-day-old postpubertal rats transduced with a recombinant adenoviral vector (containing furin-modified human proinsulin cDNA) into diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency mice.

Attentional synchrony and the influence of viewing task on gaze behavior in static and dynamic scenes.

Does viewing task influence gaze during dynamic scene viewing? Research into the factors influencing gaze allocation during free viewing of dynamic scenes has reported that the gaze of multiple viewers clusters around points of high motion (attentional synchrony), suggesting that gaze may be primarily under exogenous control. However, the influence of viewing task on gaze behavior in static scenes and during real-world interaction has been widely demonstrated. To dissociate exogenous from endogenous factors during dynamic scene viewing we tracked participants' eye movements while they (a) freely watched unedited videos of real-world scenes (free viewing) or (b) quickly identified where the video was filmed (spot-the-location).

Testisimmune privilege - Assumptions facts.

The testis has long enjoyed a reputation as an immunologically privileged site based on its ability to protect auto-antigenic germ cells and provide an optimal environment for the extended survival of transplanted allo- or xeno-grafts. Exploration of the role of anatomical, physiological, immunological and cellular components in testis immune privilege revealed that the tolerogenic environment of the testis is a result of the immunomodulatory factors expressed or secreted by testicular cells (mainly Sertoli cells, peritubular myoid cells, Leydig cells, and resident macrophages). The blood-testis barrier/Sertoli cell barrier, is also important to seclude advanced germ cells but its requirement in testis immune privilege needs further investigation.

Do the eyes really have it? Dynamic allocation of attention when viewing moving faces.

What controls gaze allocation during dynamic face perception? We monitored participants' eye movements while they watched videos featuring close-ups of pedestrians engaged in interviews. Contrary to previous findings using static displays, we observed no general preference to fixate eyes. Instead, gaze was dynamically directed to the eyes, nose, or mouth in response to the currently depicted event.

The blood-testis and blood-epididymis barriers are more than just their tight junctions.

The terms blood-testis barrier (BTB) or blood-epididymis barrier (BEB), are often described as Sertoli cell-Sertoli cell tight junctions (TJs) or TJs between the epithelial cells in the epididymis, respectively. However, in reality, the BTB and BEB are much more complex than just the TJ. The focus of this minireview is to remind readers that the complete BTB and BEB are comprised of three components: anatomical, physiological, and immunological.

Delivery of a therapeutic protein by immune-privileged Sertoli cells.

Immune-privileged Sertoli cells survive long term after allogeneic or xenogeneic transplantation without the use of immunosuppressive drugs, suggesting they could be used as a vehicle to deliver therapeutic proteins. As a model to test this, we engineered Sertoli cells to transiently produce basal levels of insulin and then examined their ability to lower blood glucose levels after transplantation into diabetic SCID mice. Mouse and porcine Sertoli cells transduced with a recombinant adenoviral vector containing furin-modified human proinsulin cDNA expressed insulin mRNA and secreted insulin protein.

Immunoprotective sertoli cells: making allogeneic and xenogeneic transplantation feasible.

The testis as an immune-privileged site allows long-term survival of allogeneic and xenogeneic transplants. Testicular Sertoli cells (SCs) play a major role in this immunoprotection and have been used to create an ectopic immune-privileged environment that prolongs survival of co-transplanted allogeneic and xenogeneic cells, including pancreatic islets and neurons. Extended survival of such grafts testifies to the immunoprotective properties of SCs.

Schistosomiasis and pregnancy.

Currently, schistosomes infect approximately 40 million women of child-bearing age, yet little is known about schistosome-associated morbidity in pregnant women and their offspring. Animal models indicate a deleterious effect of schistosome infection on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Case reports have documented maternal infection in association with poor birth outcomes, and two observational studies indicate that maternal schistosome infection might be associated with decreased birth weight.

A comparative study of fine needle aspiration cytology, ultrasonography and radionuclide scan in the management of solitary thyroid nodule : A prospective analysis of fifty cases.

Solitary thyroid nodule is a common clinical entity encountered by the otorhinolaryngologist and physcians. The optimum diagnostic strategy for the euthyroid patient with a soilitary thyroid nodule is still a matter of debate. The goal of diagnostic workup now is to select those patients for surgery who have a high likelihood of harbouring malignancy in the solitary thyroid nodule.