Characterization of functional amyloid curli in biofilm formation of an environmental isolate Enterobacter cloacae SBP-8.

The biofilm formation by bacteria is a complex process that is strongly mediated by various genetic and environmental factors. Biofilms contribute to disease infestation, especially in chronic infections. It is, therefore important to understand the factors affecting biofilm formation.

Current therapeutic delivery approaches using nanocarriers for the treatment of tuberculosis disease.

Tuberculosis is a major health issue globally and a leading cause of death due to the infective microorganism Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Treatment of drug resistance tuberculosis requires longer treatment with multiple daily doses of drugs. Unfortunately, these drugs are often associated with poor patient compliance.

Digital Quantification of Tumor Cellularity as a Novel Prognostic Feature of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.

Non-small cell lung carcinoma is currently staged based on the size and involvement of other structures. Tumor size may be a surrogate measure of the total number of tumor cells. A recently revised reporting system for adenocarcinoma incorporates high-risk histologic patterns, which may have increased cellular density.

A lightweight convolutional neural network for recognition of severity stages of maydis leaf blight disease of maize.

Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize (), a serious fungal disease, is capable of causing up to 70% damage to the crop under severe conditions. Severity of diseases is considered as one of the important factors for proper crop management and overall crop yield. Therefore, it is quite essential to identify the disease at the earliest possible stage to overcome the yield loss.

Insights Into the Dynamics and Composition of Biofilm Formed by Environmental Isolate of .

Bacterial biofilms are clinically admissible and illustrate an influential role in infections, particularly those related to the implant of medical devices. The characterization of biofilms is important to understand the etiology of the diseases. are known for causing infections by forming biofilms on various abiotic surfaces, such as medical devices.

In silico studies on structural inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease M by major secondary metabolites of Andrographis paniculata and Cinchona officinalis.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 infection by Novel Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) has become one of the largest pandemic diseases, with cumulative confirmed infections of 275,233,892 and 5,364,996 deaths to date according to World Health Organization. Due to the absence of any approved antiviral drug to treat COVID-19, its lethality is getting severe with time. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2, M is considered one of the potential drug targets because of its role in processing proteins translated from viral RNA.

Do Low-Risk Patients With Dyspepsia Need a Gastroscopy? Use of Gastroscopy for Otherwise Healthy Patients With Dyspepsia.

Background: Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC) recommends not to perform gastroscopy for dyspepsia in otherwise healthy adults less than 55 years of age (2014). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of gastroscopy in a young, healthy population with uncomplicated dyspepsia.

Methods: A retrospective review of gastroscopies completed during 3-month periods in 2015, 2016, and 2017 identified all patients undergoing gastroscopy for the primary indication of dyspepsia.

A Toolbox for Efficient Proximity-Dependent Biotinylation in Zebrafish Embryos.

Understanding how proteins are organized in compartments is essential to elucidating their function. While proximity-dependent approaches such as BioID have enabled a massive increase in information about organelles, protein complexes, and other structures in cell culture, to date there have been only a few studies on living vertebrates. Here, we adapted proximity labeling for protein discovery in vivo in the vertebrate model organism, zebrafish.

Management Options for Suprasellar Cystic Craniopharyngioma: Endoscopic Transventricular Approach and Microsurgical Approach.

 The treatment of cystic craniopharyngioma in children is varied. The treatment ranges from radical excision to direct radiotherapy. As the morbidity of excision is high, more conservative approaches are used.

In vitro and in silico studies on the structural and biochemical insight of anti-biofilm activity of andrograpanin from Andrographis paniculata against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Microbial infections have become a global threat to drug-tolerant phenomena due to their biofilm formatting capacity. In many cases, conventional antimicrobial drugs fail to combat the infection, thus necessitating the discovery of some alternative medicine. Over several decades, plant metabolites have played a critical role in treating a broad spectrum of microbial infections due to its low cytotoxicity.

SpikeSegNet-a deep learning approach utilizing encoder-decoder network with hourglass for spike segmentation and counting in wheat plant from visual imaging.

Background: High throughput non-destructive phenotyping is emerging as a significant approach for phenotyping germplasm and breeding populations for the identification of superior donors, elite lines, and QTLs. Detection and counting of spikes, the grain bearing organs of wheat, is critical for phenomics of a large set of germplasm and breeding lines in controlled and field conditions. It is also required for precision agriculture where the application of nitrogen, water, and other inputs at this critical stage is necessary.

Development of dual-tool nanosensor for cysteine based on N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine cation functionalized silver nanoparticles.

In an accomplishment of development of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) based nanosensor for cysteine in its anionic and neutral forms, we have preferred N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine cation (NEDA) stabilized AgNPs (NEDA-AgNPs), because NEDA is a fluorescent active ion and it imparts excellent stability to AgNPs. Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) of AgNPs and fluorescence property of NEDA are thus useful for presenting NEDA-AgNPs as a dual-tool nanosensor for cysteine molecules. The surface adsorbed NEDA cations interact selectively with cysteine as a consequence, the particles get aggregated, which was monitored using spectrophotometric method.

In vitro anti-biofilm activity of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide is a biologically active molecule present in the extract of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegh), a classic ethnic herbal formula, which has been used for over thousand years as therapeutics to treat numerous infectious diseases like upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, and many more health issues. The present study is designed to ascertain an inhibitor against biofilm formation from the major metabolites of Andrographis paniculata, because the extract of this herb shows inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) communication and biofilm development against microorganisms. 14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide at 0.

A genetically encoded fluorescent probe for imaging of oxygenation gradients in living .

Oxygen concentrations vary between tissues of multicellular organisms and change under certain physiological or pathological conditions. Multiple methods have been developed for measuring oxygenation of biological samples and However, most require complex equipment, are laborious and have significant limitations. Here we report that oxygen concentration determines the choice between two maturation pathways of DsRed FT (Timer).

RIPK1/RIPK3 promotes vascular permeability to allow tumor cell extravasation independent of its necroptotic function.

Necroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death requiring receptor-interacting protein kinase 1, 3 (RIPK1, RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The kinase of RIPK3 phosphorylates MLKL causing MLKL to form a pore-like structure, allowing intracellular contents to release and cell death to occur. Alternatively, RIPK1 and RIPK3 have been shown to regulate cytokine production directly influencing inflammatory immune infiltrates.

A genetically encoded biosensor for visualising hypoxia responses .

Cells experience different oxygen concentrations depending on location, organismal developmental stage, and physiological or pathological conditions. Responses to reduced oxygen levels (hypoxia) rely on the conserved hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Understanding the developmental and tissue-specific responses to changing oxygen levels has been limited by the lack of adequate tools for monitoring HIF-1 To visualise and analyse HIF-1 dynamics in , we used a hypoxia biosensor consisting of GFP fused to the oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD) of the HIF-1 homologue Sima.

The evolutionary divergence of STAT transcription factor in different Anopheles species.

Anopheles mosquito transmits Plasmodium, the malaria causing parasite. Different species of Anopheles mosquito dominate in a particular geographical location and are capable of transmitting specific strains of Plasmodium. It is important to understand the biology of different anophelines to control the parasite transmission.

miR-190 Enhances HIF-Dependent Responses to Hypoxia in Drosophila by Inhibiting the Prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga.

Cellular and systemic responses to low oxygen levels are principally mediated by Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a family of evolutionary conserved heterodimeric transcription factors, whose alpha- and beta-subunits belong to the bHLH-PAS family. In normoxia, HIFα is hydroxylated by specific prolyl-4-hydroxylases, targeting it for proteasomal degradation, while in hypoxia the activity of these hydroxylases decreases due to low oxygen availability, leading to HIFα accumulation and expression of HIF target genes. To identify microRNAs required for maximal HIF activity, we conducted an overexpression screen in Drosophila melanogaster, evaluating the induction of a HIF transcriptional reporter.

Recognition of silver nanoparticles surface-adsorbed citrate anions by macrocyclic polyammonium cations: a spectrophotometric approach to study aggregation kinetics and evaluation of association constant.

In this report, we have studied the recognition of citrate anions adsorbed on the surface of silver nanoparticles (cit-Ag-NPs), by macrocyclic polyammonium cations (MCPACs): Me6 [14]ane-N4 H8 (4+) (Tet-A/Tet-B cations) and [32]ane-N8 H16 (8+) , which are well reputed anion recognizers and are treated as to mimic of biological polyamines. The study was monitored on ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy by performing a titration of the aqueous dispersion of the cit-Ag-NPs by the aqueous solution of MCPACs. The ultraviolet-visible time-scan plots over the reduction of the absorption band of surface plasmon resonance of cit-Ag-NPs at 390 nm are well fitted with fourth-order polynomial equation and are employed to determine the initial aggregation rate constants.

The Triple-Repeat Protein Anakonda Controls Epithelial Tricellular Junction Formation in Drosophila.

In epithelia, specialized tricellular junctions (TCJs) mediate cell contacts at three-cell vertices. TCJs are fundamental to epithelial biology and disease, but only a few TCJ components are known, and how they assemble at tricellular vertices is not understood. Here we describe a transmembrane protein, Anakonda (Aka), which localizes to TCJs and is essential for the formation of tricellular, but not bicellular, junctions in Drosophila.

Synthesis, structure and study of azo-hydrazone tautomeric equilibrium of 1,3-dimethyl-5-(arylazo)-6-amino-uracil derivatives.

Azo dyes, 1,3-dimethyl-5-(arylazo)-6-aminouracil (aryl=-C6H5 (1), -p-CH3C6H4 (2), -p-ClC6H4 (3), -p-NO2C6H4 (4)) were prepared and characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques and single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. In the light of spectroscopic analysis it evidences that of the tautomeric forms, the azo-enamine-keto (A) form is the predominant form in the solid state whereas in different solvents it is the hydrazone-imine-keto (B) form. The study also reveals that the hydrazone-imine-keto (B) form exists in an equilibrium mixture with its anionic form in various organic solvents.

Improvement of tablet coating uniformity using a quality by design approach.

A combination of analytical and statistical methods is used to improve a tablet coating process guided by quality by design (QbD) principles. A solid dosage form product was found to intermittently exhibit bad taste. A suspected cause was the variability in coating thickness which could lead to the subject tasting the active ingredient in some tablets.

Quantization of bovine serum albumin by fluorescence enhancement effects and corresponding binding of macrocyclic host-protein assembly.

The present paper reports the investigations on the spectroscopic behavior of the binary complexes of the dye aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) with protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 18-crown 6 (CW) (ATA·BSA, ATA·CW) and the ternary complex ATA·CW·BSA by using UV-vis steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The primary aim of the work is to determine the protein (BSA) quantization by fluorescence enhancement method and investigate the 'enhancer' activity of crown ether (CW) on it to increase the resolution. Steady state and time resolved fluorescence measurements demonstrated how fluorescence intensity of ATA could be used for the determination of the protein BSA in aqueous solution.