Long-term effects of non-pharmacological interventions in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Consistent diabetes control is crucial for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to prevent diabetic complications. Analyzing the long-term effects of non-pharmacological interventions can improve diabetes management.

Aim: To examine the long-term effects of non-pharmacological interventions in adolescents and young adults with T1D through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Assessing the determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine co-administration decisions in the elderly.

This research examines the low rate of co-administration of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines among seniors aged 65 and older in Korea, despite recommendations from authorities and academia worldwide. The study aimed to understand the influence of general characteristics and health beliefs on the vaccination choices of seniors, who were categorized into four groups based on their vaccination status: influenza only, COVID-19 only, both, or neither. A total of 400 participants, aged 65 and above, were selected through proportional stratified random sampling from five major Korean regions for a survey conducted between November 24th and December 15th, 2023.

Meclofenamate Suppresses MUC5AC Mucin Gene Expression by Regulating the NF-kB Signaling Pathway in Human Pulmonary Mucoepidermoid NCI-H292 Cells.

The current study aimed to reveal the potential effect of meclofenamate, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on the gene expression of airway MUC5AC mucin. Human pulmonary mucoepidermoid NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with meclofenamate for 30 min and stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. Thereafter, the effect of meclofenamate on the PMA-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling pathway was assessed.

Efficacy of preoxygenation with end-tidal oxygen when using different oxygen concentrations in patients undergoing general surgery: a single-center retrospective observational study.

Background: Preoxygenation is a simple but very important procedure for preventing arterial desaturation. A higher fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) increases atelectasis and 80% oxygen results in significantly less atelectasis than 100% oxygen. We investigated whether there was a difference in the duration of adequate preoxygenation when using 100% and 80% oxygen.

Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a patient with central airway obstruction due to an endotracheal mass.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) assists blood circulation and gas exchange via a heart-lung machine. ECMO is used mainly in intensive care units as bridging therapy until heart and respiratory failure can be addressed or until transplantation can be performed. ECMO is sometimes used during surgery under general anaesthesia, depending on the patient's underlying diseases and the nature of the operation.

Prediction of blood pressure changes associated with abdominal pressure changes during robotic laparoscopic low abdominal surgery using deep learning.

Background: Intraoperative hypertension and blood pressure (BP) fluctuation are known to be associated with negative patient outcomes. During robotic lower abdominal surgery, the patient's abdominal cavity is filled with CO2, and the patient's head is steeply positioned toward the floor (Trendelenburg position). Pneumoperitoneum and the Trendelenburg position together with physiological alterations during anesthesia, interfere with predicting BP changes.

Intraoperative use of noninvasive ventilation during spinal anaesthesia in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing orthopaedic surgery: A case report.

Compared with invasive mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves patient comfort and neurocognitive function; and reduces the likelihood of nosocomial infections and the need for sedation. NIV can also be used perioperatively to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. This current report describes a case of a 64-year-old female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic respiratory failure that underwent spinal anaesthesia during surgery.

Intraoperative Hypotension Prediction Model Based on Systematic Feature Engineering and Machine Learning.

Arterial hypotension is associated with incidence of postoperative complications, such as myocardial infarction or acute kidney injury. Little research has been conducted for the real-time prediction of hypotension, even though many studies have been performed to investigate the factors which affect hypotension events. This forecasting problem is quite challenging compared to diagnosis that detects high-risk patients at current.

Patient blood management when blood is not an option: a report of two cases.

There are many patients who refuse to receive blood transfusions for religious or other reasons. Bloodless medicine and surgery are no longer new concept, but patients who refuse blood transfusion are still transferred to the bloodless center, regardless of patients' intention, for treatment. Here, we discuss the need for patient blood management when blood is not an option to treat them.

Apnoeic oxygenation using transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange during rigid bronchoscopy: a report of four cases.

General anaesthesia with a muscle relaxant is usually performed for rigid bronchoscopy (RB), but ventilation is challenging due to large amounts of leakage. Optiflow™ supplies 100% humidified, warmed oxygen at a rate of up to 70 l/min and this high flow rate may overcome the leakage problem. This case report describes four patients that were scheduled for RB.

[Comparison of the Effects of Education Only and Exercise Training Combined with Education on Fall Prevention in Adults Aged 70 Years or Older Residing in Elderly Residential Facilities].

Purpose: To compare the effects of education only and exercise training combined with education on fall knowledge, fall efficacy, physical activity, and physical function in adults aged 70 years or older residing in elderly residential facilities.

Methods: A three-group pre- and post-test design was utilized: education only (EO; n = 23), education and TheraBand (ET; n = 22), and education and walking (EW; n = 22). Fall education was provided for all three groups.

Validation of the Korean Version of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (K-C19PS).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the 20-item COVID-19 phobia tool, which was developed through a translation-reverse translation process. These data were collected from 226 persons using a self-reported questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test construct validity.

Twelfth rib syndrome: a case report.

Twelfth rib syndrome is a rare condition that causes severe pain in the loin. The diagnosis of this phenomenon is based on the patient's medical history and physical examination findings. However, many clinicians still lack an understanding of the disease; this delays an accurate diagnosis, causing patients to experience prolonged pain without proper treatment.

Effects of healthcare interventions on psychosocial factors of patients with multimorbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the types of healthcare intervention programs offered to patients with multimorbidity and their effects on key psychosocial factors.

Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched databases like Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL RISS, KISS, etc. for studies published between January 1, 2009, and April 30, 2019.

Comparative Analysis on Machine Learning and Deep Learning to Predict Post-Induction Hypotension.

Hypotensive events in the initial stage of anesthesia can cause serious complications in the patients after surgery, which could be fatal. In this study, we intended to predict hypotension after tracheal intubation using machine learning and deep learning techniques after intubation one minute in advance. Meta learning models, such as random forest, extreme gradient boosting (Xgboost), and deep learning models, especially the convolutional neural network (CNN) model and the deep neural network (DNN), were trained to predict hypotension occurring between tracheal intubation and incision, using data from four minutes to one minute before tracheal intubation.

[Effects of First Assisted Reproductive Technologies on Anxiety and Depression among Infertile Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze anxiety and depression among infertile women at different time points during the first In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatment through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Seven out of 3,011 studies were included for meta-analysis. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the RevMan 5.

Development of a prediction model for hypotension after induction of anesthesia using machine learning.

Arterial hypotension during the early phase of anesthesia can lead to adverse outcomes such as a prolonged postoperative stay or even death. Predicting hypotension during anesthesia induction is complicated by its diverse causes. We investigated the feasibility of developing a machine-learning model to predict postinduction hypotension.

Nernst-Planck analysis of reverse-electrodialysis with the thin-composite pore-filling membranes and its upscaling potential.

To properly design reverse electrodialysis (RED) stacks, modeling of ion transport and prediction of power generation on the single RED stack are very important. Currently, the Nernst-Planck equation is widely adopted to simulate ion transport through IEMs. However, applying typical Nernst-Planck equation is not proper to analyze ion transport through the heterogeneous thin-composite pore-filling membrane because of the non-conductive site in the membrane matrix.

[How Does Advance Provision of Emergency Contraceptives Affect Contraceptive Use and Sexual Activity Among Adolescents? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of emergency contraceptive pill on adolescent sexuality and contraceptive behaviors through a meta - analysis of intervention studies on advance provision of emergency contraceptives. This study aimed to provide objective data on the transition of general medicines to be discussed in relation to the reclassification of emergency contraceptive pills.

Methods: Using electronic database, 1,820 studies written in Korean or English without limitation of the year were reviewed and for analysis, 5 studies were selected, in which emergency contraceptives were provided to adolescents.

Development of the Geop-Pain questionnaire for multidisciplinary assessment of pain sensitivity.

Background: To assess the multidisciplinary aspects of pain, various self-rating questionnaires have been developed, but there have not been sufficient relevant studies on this topic in South Korea. The aim of this study was to develop a new pain sensitivity-related questionnaire in the Korean language that would be simple and would well reflect Koreans' senses.

Methods: A new pain assessment questionnaire was developed through a pre-survey on "geop", which is the Korean word expressing fear, anxiety, or catastrophizing.

1-Dehydro-[10]-gingerdione from ginger inhibits IKKβ activity for NF-κB activation and suppresses NF-κB-regulated expression of inflammatory genes.

Background And Purpose: Pungent constituents of ginger (Zingiber officinale) have beneficial effects on inflammatory pain and arthritic swelling. However, the molecular basis for these pharmacological properties is only partially understood. Here, we investigated the molecular target of 1-dehydro-[10]-gingerdione (D10G), one of the pungent constituents of ginger, that mediates its suppression of NF-κB-regulated expression of inflammatory genes linked to toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immunity.

Gastrodia elata Blume protects against stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice.

Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) is a traditional herbal plant that has been used in Asian countries for centuries as an anticonvulsant, analgesic, and also as a sedative for treating general paralysis, epilepsy, vertigo, and tetanus. Although numerous reports have addressed the effects of GEB against degenerative diseases, no previous study has examined the possible gastroprotective effects of GEB. Here, we examined the effects of pretreatment with GEB (0.