Fluorescence-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Quantification of Infliximab: Analytical and Clinical Performance Evaluation.

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab (IFX) can improve treatment outcomes; however, the temporal gap between drug concentration monitoring and subsequent availability restricts its practical application. To address this issue, an automated monitoring method, AFIAS IFX, was developed to rapidly and accurately analyze IFX concentration in blood. The analytical and clinical performances of this method were assessed to establish its clinical utility.

NTRK Fusion in a Cohort of BRAF p. V600E Wild-Type Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas.

Owing to the availability of a potent tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor, it is necessary to develop an effective strategy to identify an enriched population of NTRK fusions in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in routine diagnostic practice. The reported prevalence of NTRK fusion in a large cohort of PTC is ∼3%. We performed an analysis to refine the characteristic histologic features of PTCs harboring NTRK fusions and further validate the diagnostic utility of pan-TRK immunohistochemistry as a screening tool.

Unearthing novel fusions as therapeutic targets in solid tumors using targeted RNA sequencing.

Detection of oncogenic fusion genes in cancers, particularly in the diagnosis of uncertain tumors, is crucial for determining effective therapeutic strategies. Although novel fusion genes have been discovered through sequencing, verifying their oncogenic potential remain difficult. Therefore, we evaluated the utility of targeted RNA sequencing in 165 tumor samples by identifying known and unknown fusions.

Fusions in 1113 Solid Tumors in a Single Institution.

Most fusions occur at very low frequencies in various common cancers. Recent recommendations on testing recommend immunohistochemistry (IHC) as the initial test for tumor types with a low frequency of fusions. This study investigated the accuracy of an IHC assay to detect fusions and characterize the clinicopathological and molecular features of -rearranged tumors.

Interlaboratory Comparison Study (Ring Test) of Next-Generation Sequencing-Based NTRK Fusion Detection in South Korea.

Purpose: Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors are approved for the treatment of neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive tumors. The detection of NTRK fusion using a validated method is required before therapeutic application. An interlaboratory comparison study of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based NTRK gene fusion detection with validated clinical samples was conducted at six major hospitals in South Korea.

TM4SF4 and LRRK2 Are Potential Therapeutic Targets in Lung and Breast Cancers through Outlier Analysis.

Purpose: To find biomarkers for disease, there have been constant attempts to investigate the genes that differ from those in the disease groups. However, the values that lie outside the overall pattern of a distribution, the outliers, are frequently excluded in traditional analytical methods as they are considered to be 'some sort of problem.' Such outliers may have a biologic role in the disease group.

Earlier-Phased Cancer Immunity Cycle Strongly Influences Cancer Immunity in Operable Never-Smoker Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Exome and transcriptome analyses of clinically homogeneous early-stage never-smoker female patients with lung adenocarcinoma were performed to understand tumor-T cell interactions and immune escape points. Using our novel gene panels of eight functional categories in the cancer-immunity cycle, three distinct subgroups were identified in this immune checkpoint blockade-refractory cohort by defective gene expression in two major domains, i.e.

Amplification as a Predictive Biomarker in Response to Ceritinib in Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a fast-growing and malignant cancer that responds well to chemotherapy; however, the survival rate is less than 15% after 2 years of diagnosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents for treating SCLC patients need to be evaluated. This study aims to identify the therapeutic targets based on the comprehensive genomic profiling of SCLC patients.

Association with PD-L1 Expression and Clinicopathological Features in 1000 Lung Cancers: A Large Single-Institution Study of Surgically Resected Lung Cancers with a High Prevalence of EGFR Mutation.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is an important biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy in clinical practice. Hence, identification and characterization of factors that predict high expression of PD-L1 in patients is critical. Various studies have reported the association of PD-L1 expression with driver genetic status in non-small cell cancer; however, the results have been conflicting and inconclusive.

Molecular changes in solitary fibrous tumor progression.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are NAB2-STAT6 fusion-associated neoplasms. There are several subtypes of NAB2-STAT6 fusions, but their clinical significances are still unclear. Moreover, the mechanisms of malignant progression are also poorly understood.

Accumulation of PtdIns(4)P at the Golgi mediated by reversible oxidation of the PtdIns(4)P phosphatase Sac1 by HO.

Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PtdIns(4)P] plays a key role in the biogenesis of transport vesicles at the Golgi complex by recruiting coat proteins and their accessory factors. The PtdIns(4)P content of the Golgi is determined by the concerted action of PtdIns 4-kinase (PI4K) and PtdIns(4)P phosphatase enzymes. Sac1 (suppressor of actin 1) is the major PtdIns(4)P phosphatase and is localized to the Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum.

Integrin β3 Inhibition Enhances the Antitumor Activity of ALK Inhibitor in -Rearranged NSCLC.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (-positive cancers are sensitive to small-molecule ALK kinase inhibitors, but most cases experience failure following treatment. Hence, additional drug targets and combination therapeutic treatments are needed. We investigated gene expression that is regulated by the expression of ALK and explored its roles in cancer progression and therapeutic implication.

Molecular breakdown: a comprehensive view of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer.

Most anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) show good clinical response to ALK inhibitors. However, some ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients show various primary responses with unknown reasons. Previous studies focused on the clinical aspects of ALK fusions in small cohorts, or were conducted in vitro and/or in vivo to investigate the function of ALK.

MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic Implications and Prognostic Values.

Introduction: Response to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) inhibitors in NSCLC with mesenchymal-epithelial transition gene (MET) exon 14 skipping (METex14) has fueled molecular screening efforts and the search for optimal therapies. However, further work is needed to refine the clinicopathologic and prognostic implications of METex14 skipping.

Methods: Among 795 East Asian patients who underwent a surgical procedure for NSCLC, we screened 45 patients with quintuple-negative (EGFR-negative/KRAS-negative/anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene [ALK]-negative/ROS1-negative/ret proto-oncogene [RET]-negative) lung adenocarcinomas by using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and found 17 patients (37.

Lotus Root Extract Stimulates BDNF Gene Expression Through Potential Mechanism Depending on HO-1 Activity in C6 Glioma Cells.

Polyphenolic compounds have been suggested to be involved in the preservation of neural function via the production of neurotrophic factors in the brain. The nonedible joint part of lotus root (a rhizome of Nelumbo nucifera) has been reported to contain large amounts of polyphenolic compounds and, therefore, is expected to improve neural function by stimulating the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in glial cells. The effect of the aqueous extract prepared from the joint part of lotus root on BDNF gene expression was examined in C6 glioma cells as an in vitro model.

Prevalence of Mutations in Discoidin Domain-Containing Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (DDR2) in Squamous Cell Lung Cancers in Korean Patients.

Purpose: The discoidin domain-containing receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (DDR2) is known to contain mutations in a small subset of patients with squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the lung. Studying the DDR2 mutations in patients with SCC of the lung would advance our understanding and guide the development of therapeutic strategies against lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: We selected 100 samples through a preliminary genetic screen, including specimens from biopsies and surgical resection, and confirmed SCC by histologic examination.

LYN expression predicts the response to dasatinib in a subpopulation of lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Therapies targeting SRC family kinases (SFKs) have shown efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, recent clinical trials have found that the SFK inhibitor dasatinib is ineffective in some patient cohorts. Regardless, dasatinib treatment may benefit some NSCLC patient subgroups.

Analyzing Somatic Genome Rearrangements in Human Cancers by Using Whole-Exome Sequencing.

Although exome sequencing data are generated primarily to detect single-nucleotide variants and indels, they can also be used to identify a subset of genomic rearrangements whose breakpoints are located in or near exons. Using >4,600 tumor and normal pairs across 15 cancer types, we identified over 9,000 high confidence somatic rearrangements, including a large number of gene fusions. We find that the 5' fusion partners of functional fusions are often housekeeping genes, whereas the 3' fusion partners are enriched in tyrosine kinases.

Identification of a novel partner gene, KIAA1217, fused to RET: Functional characterization and inhibitor sensitivity of two isoforms in lung adenocarcinoma.

REarranged during Transfection (RET) fusion genes are detected in approximately 1% of lung adenocarcinomas and known primarily as oncogenic driver factors. Here, we found a novel RET fusion gene, KIAA1217-RET, and examined the functional differences of RET51 and RET9 protein, fused with KIAA1217 in cancer progression and drug response. KIAA1217-RET, resulting from the rearrangement of chromosome 10, was generated by the fusion of KIAA1217 exon 11 and RET exon 11 from a non-small cell lung cancer patient.

Antidepressant-Like Effects of Lindera obtusiloba Extracts on the Immobility Behavior of Rats in the Forced Swim Test.

Lindera obtusiloba extracts are commonly used as an alternative medicine due to its numerous health benefits in Korea. However, the antidepressant-like effects of L. obtusiloba extracts have not been fully elucidated.

Effect of Epidural Electrical Stimulation and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Rats With Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of epidural electrical stimulation (EES) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor recovery and brain activity in a rat model of diffuse traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to the control group.

Methods: Thirty rats weighing 270-285 g with diffuse TBI with 45 kg/cm(2) using a weight-drop model were assigned to one of three groups: the EES group (ES) (anodal electrical stimulation at 50 Hz), the rTMS group (MS) (magnetic stimulation at 10 Hz, 3-second stimulation with 6-second intervals, 4,000 total stimulations per day), and the sham-treated control group (sham) (no stimulation). They were pre-trained to perform a single-pellet reaching task (SPRT) and a rotarod test (RRT) for 14 days.