Influence of ozone treatment on sensory quality, aroma active compounds, phytosterols and phytosterol oxidation products in stored rapeseed and flaxseed oils.

The effect of ozone treatment on the sensory quality, aroma compounds, phytosterols, and phytosterol oxidation products (POP) in stored plant oils was studied. Cold-pressed flaxseed, cold-pressed rapeseed, and refined rapeseed oils were treated with ozone, air, and nitrogen, then subjected to accelerated storage at 60 °C for 6 days. The sensory evaluation revealed that ozone significantly influenced the sensory profile, with notable cucumber and green-grassy aromas.

A semi high-throughput whole blood-based flow cytometry assay to detect and monitor -specific Th1, Th2 and Th17 responses.

Introduction: The characterization of (Bp) antigen-specific CD4 T cell cytokine responses should be included in the evaluation of immunogenicity of pertussis vaccines but is often hindered by the lack of standardized robust assays.

Methods: To overcome this limitation, we developed a two-step assay comprising a short-term stimulation of fresh whole blood with Bp antigens and cryopreservation of the stimulated cells, followed later on by batch-wise intracellular cytokine analysis by flow cytometry. Blood samples collected from recently acellular (aP) vaccine boosted subjects with a whole-cell- or aP-primed background was incubated for 24 hrs with Pertussis toxin, Filamentous hemagglutinin or a Bp lysate (400µl per stimulation).

Caspase-11 promotes allergic airway inflammation.

Activated caspase-1 and caspase-11 induce inflammatory cell death in a process termed pyroptosis. Here we show that Prostaglandin E (PGE) inhibits caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in murine and human macrophages. PGE suppreses caspase-11 expression in murine and human macrophages and in the airways of mice with allergic inflammation.

Nanoparticle-Aided Characterization of Arterial Endothelial Architecture during Atherosclerosis Progression and Metabolic Therapy.

Atherosclerosis is associated with a compromised endothelial barrier, facilitating the accumulation of immune cells and macromolecules in atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, we investigate endothelial barrier integrity and the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect during atherosclerosis progression and therapy in mice using hyaluronan nanoparticles (HA-NPs). Utilizing ultrastructural and plaque imaging, we uncover a significantly decreased junction continuity in the atherosclerotic plaque-covering endothelium compared to the normal vessel wall, indicative of disrupted endothelial barrier.

Retinoic acid-induced autoantigen-specific type 1 regulatory T cells suppress autoimmunity.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells help to maintain tolerance and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. Retinoic acid (RA) can promote peripheral conversion of naïve T cells into Foxp3 Treg cells. Here, we show that RA can act as an adjuvant to induce antigen-specific type 1 Treg (Tr1) cells, which is augmented by co-administration of IL-2.

Immunization with whole cell but not acellular pertussis vaccines primes CD4 T cells that sustain protective immunity against nasal colonization with Bordetella pertussis.

Protective immunity wanes rapidly after immunization of children with acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines and these vaccines do not prevent nasal colonization or transmission of Bordetella pertussis in baboons. In this study, we examined the role of tissue-resident memory T (T) cells in persistent protective immunity induced by infection or immunization with aP and whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines in mice. Immunization of mice with a wP vaccine protected against lung and nasal colonization, whereas an aP vaccine failed to protect in the nose.

Surgery in patients with congenital factor VII deficiency - a single center study.

Introduction: Congenital factor VII deficiency is a rare hemorrhagic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Surgical treatment with insufficient diathesis correction is burdened with high risk of bleeding complications. The aim of the study was evaluation of the surgical outcome in patients with congenital factor VII deficiency and assessment of the efficacy and safety of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) used for perioperative hemostatic coverage in our two schemas of substitutive therapy.

Sustained protective immunity against Bordetella pertussis nasal colonization by intranasal immunization with a vaccine-adjuvant combination that induces IL-17-secreting T cells.

Current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines induce strong antibody and Th2 responses but fail to protect against nasal colonization and transmission of Bordetella pertussis. Furthermore, immunity wanes rapidly after immunization. We have developed a novel adjuvant combination (called LP-GMP), comprising c-di-GMP, an intracellular receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, and LP1569, a TLR2 agonist from B.

Azithromycin Clears Infection in Mice but Also Modulates Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses and T Cell Memory.

Treatment with the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (AZM) is an important intervention for controlling infection of children with and as a prophylaxis for preventing transmission to family members. However, antibiotics are known to have immunomodulatory effects independent of their antimicrobial activity. Here, we used a mouse model to examine the effects of AZM treatment on clearance of and induction of innate and adaptive immunity.

Sclerotherapy of esophageal varices in hemophilia patients with liver cirrhosis - a prospective, controlled clinical study.

Introduction: Bleeding from esophageal varices is a serious clinical condition in hemophilia patients due to congenital deficiency or lack of clotting factors VIII (in hemophilia A) and IX (in hemophilia B), decreased clotting factor II, VII, IX, X synthesis in the course of chronic liver disease and hipersplenic thrombocytopenia. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy in acute esophageal variceal bleeding and in secondary prophylaxis of hemorrhage. The aim was also to investigate the optimal activity of deficiency factors VIII or IX and duration of replacement therapy required to ensure proper hemostasis after sclerotherapy procedures.

Addition of a TLR7 agonist to an acellular pertussis vaccine enhances Th1 and Th17 responses and protective immunity in a mouse model.

A resurgence of whooping cough (pertussis) has been observed in recent years in a number of developed countries, despite widespread vaccine coverage. Although the exact reasons of the recurrence of pertussis are not clear, there are a number of potential causes, like antigenic variation in the circulating strains of Bordetella pertussis, changes in surveillance and diagnostic tools, and potential differences in protection afforded by current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines compared to more reactogenic whole cell (wP) vaccines, which they replaced. Studies in animal models have shown that induction of cellular as well as humoral immune responses are key to conferring effective and long lasting protection against B.

Lung CD4 Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Mediate Adaptive Immunity Induced by Previous Infection of Mice with .

Th1 and Th17 cells have an established role in protective immunity to , but this evidence is based largely on peripheral T cells. There is emerging evidence that local tissue-resident memory T (T) cells that accumulate in tissue following mucosal infection may be crucial for long-term immunity. In this study, we examined the role of respiratory CD4 T cells in immunity to Natural immunity to induced by infection is considered long lasting and effective at preventing reinfection.

Splenic abcesses as infectious complication following implantation of left ventricular asssist device - case report.

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is one of the modern management therapies in patients with advanced heart failure, and it serves as a bridge to heart transplantation or even as destination therapy. However, it is burdened with a high risk of thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, and infectious complications despite prophylactic management. Splenic abscesses, as septic complications following implantation of mechanical ventricular support, have not yet been described in the literature.

Examining cross-cultural differences in autism spectrum disorder: A multinational comparison from Greece, Italy, Japan, Poland, and the United States.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social and communication impairments as well as restricted, repetitive behavior patterns. Despite the fact that ASD is reported worldwide, very little research exists examining ASD characteristics on a multinational scale. Cross-cultural comparisons are especially important for ASD, since cultural differences may impact the perception of symptoms.

[Acute mastoiditis with retroauricular abscess - a report of two cases].

Otogenic complications may occur as a result of both acute and chronic otitis media. The purpose of the diagnostic process and treatment of patients with otogenic complications is to identify and eliminate focal points of the infection. Due to general application of antibiotics, these complications are rarely observed.

IL-17-Producing Innate and Pathogen-Specific Tissue Resident Memory γδ T Cells Expand in the Lungs of Bordetella pertussis-Infected Mice.

γδ T cells play a role in protective immunity to infection at mucosal surface, but also mediate pathology in certain autoimmune diseases through innate IL-17 production. Recent reports have suggested that γδ T cells can have memory analogous to conventional αβ T cells. In this study we have examined the role of γδ T cells in immunity to the respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis γδ T cells, predominantly Vγ4γ1 cells, produced IL-17 in the lungs as early as 2 h after infection.

[Granuloma on tympanic membrane - a case report].

Granuloma on tympanic membrane is a rare complication after ventilation drainage of tympanic cavity. The paper presents a case of a child for chronic otitis media with effusion with ventilation drainage of the right tympanic cavity, retained for 24 months, and granuloma on tympanic membrane growing all over the ventilation drain, imitating acute inflammation, causing conductive hearing loss. The patient was treated with the vent tube removal together with granulation inflammatory.

Anti-PD-1 inhibits Foxp3 Treg cell conversion and unleashes intratumoural effector T cells thereby enhancing the efficacy of a cancer vaccine in a mouse model.

The co-inhibitory molecule PD-1 suppresses T cell responses and has been targeted in the treatment of cancer. Here, we examined the role of PD-1 in regulating the balance between regulatory and effector T cells and whether blocking PD-1 could enhance tumour vaccine-induced protective immunity. A significantly higher proportion of tumour-resident T cells expressed PD-1 and Foxp3 compared with T cells in the tumour circulation or draining lymph nodes, and this correlated with a lower frequency of IFN-γ- and TNF-secreting CD8 T cells.

Retinoic acid suppresses IL-17 production and pathogenic activity of γδ T cells in CNS autoimmunity.

Retinoic acid (RA) in the steady state enhances induction of Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells and inhibits differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells, thereby maintaining tolerance, but can in inflammatory conditions promote effector Th1 and Th17 cells that mediate inflammation. IL-17-producing γδ T cells have recently been shown to have a major pathogenic role in autoimmune diseases. Here, we examined the immunomodulatory effects of RA on γδ T cells.

Prevention of bleeding and hemorrhagic complications in surgical patients with inherited factor VII deficiency.

Inherited factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive hemorrhagic disorder. The major clinical symptoms include: bleeding from the oral cavity, epistaxis, menorrhagia, spontaneous hemarthros, bleeding to the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system, and perioperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to present our experience in preventing bleeding and hemorrhagic disorders in surgical patients with inherited FVII deficiency by using recombinant activated FVIIa (rFVIIa), and with prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs).

Mining for single nucleotide variants (SNVs) at the kallikrein locus with predicted functional consequences.

Kallikreins (KLKs) are a group of 15 serine proteases encoded by the KLK locus on chromosome 19. Certain single nucleotide variants (SNVs) within the KLK locus have been linked to human disease. Next-generation sequencing of large human cohorts enables reexamination of genomic variation at the KLK locus.

Radiofrequency ablation in the management of Barrett's esophagus - preliminary own experience.

Introduction: Barrett's esophagus develops as a result of chronic injury of esophagus epithelium from gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is defined when metaplastic columnar epithelium replaces the stratified squamous epithelium which normally lies in the distal esophagus. The condition represents a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Retinoic acid expression associates with enhanced IL-22 production by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells and attenuation of intestinal inflammation.

Retinoic acid (RA), a vitamin A metabolite, modulates mucosal T helper cell responses. Here we examined the role of RA in regulating IL-22 production by γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal inflammation. RA significantly enhanced IL-22 production by γδ T cells stimulated in vitro with IL-1β or IL-18 and IL-23.

Relative contribution of Th1 and Th17 cells in adaptive immunity to Bordetella pertussis: towards the rational design of an improved acellular pertussis vaccine.

Whooping cough caused by Bordetella pertussis is a re-emerging infectious disease despite the introduction of safer acellular pertussis vaccines (Pa). One explanation for this is that Pa are less protective than the more reactogenic whole cell pertussis vaccines (Pw) that they replaced. Although Pa induce potent antibody responses, and protection has been found to be associated with high concentrations of circulating IgG against vaccine antigens, it has not been firmly established that host protection induced with this vaccine is mediated solely by humoral immunity.