Future directions in transfeminine genital gender-affirming surgery: tissue substitutes and transplant.

Purpose Of Review: The present study reviews contemporary literature focused on uterine transplantation and tissue substitutes for the purposes of transfeminine genital gender affirming surgery (GAS). Additional background is provided for both topics to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the modern applications.

Recent Findings: Uterine transplant remains an experimental procedure in cisgender patients who wish to avoid surrogacy.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly reveals how repeat elements shape non-coding RNA landscapes active during newt limb regeneration.

Newts have large genomes harboring many repeat elements. How these elements shape the genome and relate to newts' unique regeneration ability remains unknown. We present here the chromosome-scale assembly of the 20.

Romiplostim Reduces Platelet Transfusion Needs in Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: There is no standard treatment to accelerate recovery from melphalan-induced thrombocytopenia in multiple myeloma (MM) patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Romiplostim, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, has been developed to upregulate platelet production.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of romiplostim in reducing platelet transfusions post-ASCT in MM patients.

Assessing Surgical Competency Among Fellows in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A Survey of Fellowship Program Directors and Fellows.

Purpose: We surveyed vitreoretinal (VR) fellowship program directors (PDs) to elucidate how they assess surgical competency among VR fellows. In addition, we also surveyed fellowship program graduates for the years 2022 and 2023 regarding assessment metrics and tools used during VR fellowship training.

Design: Web-based, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Streptococcus pneumoniae endophthalmitis after exposed glaucoma drainage implant.

A patient with juvenile glaucoma status post 2 glaucoma drainage implants in each eye presents with painful vision loss in the left eye and is found to have streptococcus pneumoniae endophthalmitis from an exposed inferior glaucoma drainage implant. The infection is managed medically with intravitreal antibiotics and surgically with a glaucoma drainage device revision, anterior chamber washout and pars plana vitrectomy.

In depth profiling of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency in primary patients fibroblasts reveals metabolic reprogramming secondary to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a functional disruption in several critical mitochondrial enzyme complexes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. Despite DLD's pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism, detailed molecular and metabolic consequences of DLD deficiency (DLDD) remain poorly understood. This study represents the first in-depth multi-omics analysis, specifically metabolomic and transcriptomic, of fibroblasts derived from a DLD-deficient patient compound heterozygous for a common Ashkenazi Jewish variant (c.

Optimal functioning of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after cessation of prednisolone therapy: a cross-sectional study in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis recovery after cessation of steroid therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) has hardly been studied in the literature.

Methods: This 22-month cross-sectional study recruited children (2-14 years) with NS, having received a minimum 3 months of prednisolone, now in remission, and off steroids for 1, 3, or 6 months. Serum cortisol-basal and stimulated (with long-acting intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone), and factors affecting them, were assessed.

The impact of gender-affirming interventions on eating disorder diagnosis risk among transgender and gender-diverse individuals.

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the risk of being diagnosed with an eating disorder among transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals, specifically examining how this risk differs following gender-affirming medical therapy (GAMT).

Methods: The study utilizes electronic medical record (EMR) data from the TriNetX database. A total of 90,955 TGD individuals were identified in the TriNetX database.

ST elevation myocardial infarction as presenting feature of acute myeloid leukemia.

A 35-year-old male patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with hyperleukocytosis, presented with acute myocardial infarction. The individual had acute onset chest pain and reached the hospital within the window period. His electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), ST elevated myocardial infarction, and thrombolysis was performed.

Novel endpoints based on tumor size ratio to support early clinical decision-making in oncology drug-development.

In oncology drug development, overall response rate (ORR) is commonly used as an early endpoint to assess the clinical benefits of new interventions; however, ORR benefit may not always translate into a long-term clinical benefit such as overall survival (OS). Most of the work on developing endpoints based on tumor growth dynamics relies on empirical validation, leading to a lack of generalizability of the endpoints across indications and therapeutic modalities. Additionally, many of these metrics are model-based and do not use data from all the patients.

A Comparative Study of Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine With Fentanyl Versus Intrathecal Hyperbaric Bupivacaine With Dexmedetomidine Administered Sequentially for Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgeries: A Prospective Randomised Double-Blind Study.

Background:  The subarachnoid block is the predominant and relatively safe approach during lower limb orthopaedic operations. When used as an additive to intrathecal local anaesthetic, both fentanyl and dexmedetomidine can extend the duration of sensory and motor blockade and improve postoperative analgesia.

Objectives:  The objective of this study is to assess and compare the efficacy of sequential administration of fentanyl and dexmedetomidine alongside 0.

To Evaluate Structured Competency-Based Curriculum for Health Programs among Community Medicine Postgraduates: Mixed Method Approach.

Background: The postgraduate curriculum needs to be given a definite shape so as to make health programs more intensive and integrative. In the present scenario, most of the information is unclear and infrequent. A structured public health competency-based education is an important aspect to consider for integrative health care.

SUMO-targeted Ubiquitin Ligases as crucial mediators of protein homeostasis in Candida glabrata.

Candida glabrata is an opportunistic human pathogen, capable of causing severe systemic infections that are often resistant to standard antifungal treatments. To understand the importance of protein SUMOylation in the physiology and pathogenesis of C. glabrata, we earlier identified the components of SUMOylation pathway and demonstrated that the deSUMOylase CgUlp2 is essential for pathogenesis.

A review of major reconstructive and gender-affirming surgical techniques in genital surgery and care for the transgender patient population.

The transgender community makes up a significant portion of the American population, yet there is a paucity of data available to surgeons and anesthesiologists. The purpose of this article is to provide information to surgeons, anesthesiologists, and other medical professionals. This narrative review explores the importance of medical information that healthcare professionals should be aware of ahead of gender-affirming surgeries.

Suppressing non-radiative relaxation in a NIR single photon emitter: the impact of deuteration and temperature.

The fluorescence quantum yield of organic NIR-emitters is typically limited by internal conversion (IC), restricting their applications in imaging and quantum technology. Here, we study the impact of deuteration and temperature on the emission properties of dibenzoterrylene (DBT) by bulk and single molecule spectroscopy. Based on simple photophysical modelling, we first clarify how IC affects the single molecule emission rate.

State of the Art: The Microbiome in Bladder Cancer.

This review assesses the current understanding of the relationship between the human microbiome and BCa. Recognizing how the microbiome affects the tumor microenvironment provides valuable insights into cancer biology, potentially uncovering interactions that could be leveraged to develop innovative therapeutic approaches. By clarifying these intricate microbial-tumor dynamics, novel targets for microbiome-based interventions can be identified, ultimately improving treatment effectiveness and patient outcomes.

A Comparative Study of Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder in Remission.

Background: Internalized stigma experienced by individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder dramatically affects their overall quality of life. While several studies have explored this topic, there remains a scarcity of research comparing internalized stigma across both these illnesses. We investigated and compared how internalized stigma is associated with different socio-demographic factors among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder in remission.

Unveiling tomorrow: Carbonic anhydrase activators and inhibitors pioneering new frontiers in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and a principal basis of dementia in the elderly population globally. Recently, human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs, EC 4.2.