Mucosal Epithelial Jak Kinases in Health and Diseases.

Janus kinases (Jaks) are a family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that include four different members, ., Jak1, Jak2, Jak3, and Tyk2. Jaks play critical roles in immune cells functions; however, recent studies suggest they also play essential roles in nonimmune cell physiology.

Compromised Renal and Hepatic Functions and Unsteady Cellular Redox State during Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: To assess renal and hepatic functions along with the redox state in preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies.

Design And Method: The study was conducted on 33 PE (mean age = 30 ± 5 years), 33 GDM (mean age = 30 ± 6 years) and age, gravida, parity, and ethnicity matched 25 normal pregnancies (NP). Biomarkers of redox status, renal and hepatic functions; aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, lipid peroxidation (MDA), total thiols (TSH), radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant potentials of serum were measured.

Maternal one carbon metabolism and interleukin-10 &-17 synergistically influence the mode of delivery in women with Early Onset Pre-Eclampsia.

Objective: Studies on One Carbon Metabolism (OCM), Interleukins-10 &-17 (IL-10/-17) & βhCG in pre-eclampsia and its delivery outcome (preterm birth) reveal contradictory results, attributed to clinical heterogeneity (early/late onset pre-eclampsia) or preterm/term birth. Disturbed OCM also influences IL-10 &-17 during pregnancy. We sought to investigate the synergism between OCM and IL-10/-17 mediated immune-regulation through βhCG in Early onset pre-eclampsia (EO-PE) patients, delivering preterm, among North Indian women.

Activation of angiotensin type 2 receptor attenuates testosterone-induced hypertension and uterine vascular resistance in pregnant rats†.

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder with unclear mechanisms. While hypersensitivity to angiotensin II via vasoconstrictive angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R) is observed in preeclampsia, the importance of vasodilatory angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2R) in the control of vascular dysfunction is less clear. We assessed whether AT1R, AT2R, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression are altered in placental vessels of preeclamptic women and tested if ex vivo incubation with AT2R agonist Compound 21 (C21; 1 μM) could restore AT1R, AT2R, and eNOS balance.

Cognitive and Neural Correlates of Loneliness and Wisdom during Emotional Bias.

Loneliness and wisdom have opposing impacts on health and well-being, yet their neuro-cognitive bases have never been simultaneously investigated. In this study of 147 healthy human subjects sampled across the adult lifespan, we simultaneously studied the cognitive and neural correlates of loneliness and wisdom in the context of an emotion bias task. Aligned with the social threat framework of loneliness, we found that loneliness was associated with reduced speed of processing when angry emotional stimuli were presented to bias cognition.

Elucidating the Drug Repurposing Spectra of COVID-19 with its Analogues SARS and MERS.

Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS CoV-2 virus, has been announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. COVID-19 has affected people globally, infecting more than 39.8 million people and claiming up to 1.

Efficacy of intensive orbitofrontal continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (iOFcTBS) in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Study.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can non-invasively modulate specific brain regions in Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Citing orbito-frontal cortex (OFC) hyper-connectivity with striatum as the most consistent finding implicated in patho-physiologically of OCD, we aimed to study the effect of novel continuous Theta Burst Stimulation (cTBS) targeting OFC in OCD subjects on a randomized placebo control design. Thirty-three patients were randomly allocated to active cTBS (n= 18) and sham (n= 15) groups.

Chronic Mental Health Sequelae of Climate Change Extremes: A Case Study of the Deadliest Californian Wildfire.

Weather-related disasters, such as wildfires exacerbated by a rise in global temperatures, need to be better studied in terms of their mental health impacts. This study focuses on the mental health sequelae of the deadliest wildfire in California to date, the Camp Fire of 2018. We investigated a sample of 725 California residents with different degrees of disaster exposure and measured mental health using clinically validated scales for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Influence of tillage based crop establishment and residue management practices on soil quality indices and yield sustainability in rice-wheat cropping system of Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains.

Rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) is the most important system occupying around 26 M ha spread over the Indo Gangetic Plains in South Asia and China. Many long-term trials were led to assess the agronomic productivity and economic profitability of various combinations of conservation agricultural (CA) practices (zero tillage, residue management and crop establishment) in RWCS of Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (EIGP) of India. The purpose of this study was to investigate the best management practices involving different tillage-based crop establishment and residue retention techniques and their contribution to agricultural system sustainability through improvement in soil health by developing soil quality index (SQI).

A study on the spread of COVID 19 outbreak by using mathematical modeling.

Mathematical models are mainly used to depict real world problems that humans encounter in their daily explorations, investigations and activities. However, these mathematical models have some limitations as indeed the big challenges are the conversion of observations into mathematical formulations. If this conversion is inefficient, then mathematical models will provide some predictions with deficiencies.

Mapping Large-Scale Networks Associated with Action, Behavioral Inhibition and Impulsivity.

A key aspect of behavioral inhibition is the ability to wait before acting. Failures in this form of inhibition result in impulsivity and are commonly observed in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Prior evidence has implicated medial frontal cortex, motor cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and ventral striatum in various aspects of inhibition.

Recent advances in the fabrication and bio-medical applications of self-assembled dipeptide nanostructures.

Molecular self-assembly is a widespread natural phenomenon and has inspired several researchers to synthesize a compendium of nano/microstructures with widespread applications. Biomolecules like proteins, peptides and lipids are used as building blocks to fabricate various nanomaterials. Supramolecular peptide self-assembly continue to play a significant role in forming diverse nanostructures with numerous biomedical applications; however, dipeptides offer distinctive supremacy in their ability to self-assemble and produce a variety of nanostructures.

Novel formulation development from (Berk.) for management of high-altitude maladies.

(Berk.) is a fungus closely related to medicinal mushroom, which belongs to the family . It is a well-known and rich herbal source of bioactive active constituents.

SimBSI: An open-source Simulink library for developing closed-loop brain signal interfaces in animals and humans.

Objective: A promising application of BCI technology is in the development of personalized therapies that can target neural circuits linked to mental or physical disabilities. Typical BCIs, however, offer limited value due to simplistic designs and poor understanding of the conditions being treated. Building BCIs on more solid grounds may require the characterization of the brain dynamics supporting cognition and behavior at multiple scales, from single-cell and local field potential (LFP) recordings in animals to non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) in humans.

Bioactive Fractions from the Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycetes), Elucidate Adaptogenic Role against Hypoxia Stress.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a high-altitude medicinal mushroom, is widely revered in traditional medicine for its antiproliferative, antihypercholesterolemic, energy enhancement, etc. properties. These properties are attributed to the presence of steroids, terpenoids, polyphenolics, glycosides, and glycoproteins in it.

A Comparative Study between Indigenous Low Cost Negative Pressure Wound Therapy with Added Local Oxygen versus Conventional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy.

Introduction: The incidence of compound fractures and severe soft tissue loss has increased manifolds due to high speed traffics. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) is a treatment modality for managing soft tissue aspect of such injuries. It reduces the need of flap coverage.

Linkages between environmental issues and zoonotic diseases: with reference to COVID-19 pandemic.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has taken mankind by surprise with various unprecedented impacts on human life around the globe. This zoonotic pandemic is proving to be the most destructive disease outbreaks since decades. The increasing human population and anthropogenic activities have impacted the environment and have direct linkages with the current and other recent outbreaks of zoonotic diseases.

Metanephric Adenoma with cystic changes- An uncommon presentation of a rare tumor in a young adult.

Metanephric adenoma (MA) is a rare benign neoplasm of the kidney that is usually asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed. MA usually present as a solid mass; however, a cystic presentation has been reported. The main differential diagnosis of MA is the epithelial predominant Wilms tumor (e-WT) and the solid variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC).

Giant cell reparative granuloma of the nasal cavity: a rare site of presentation with review of literature.

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) was first described in the 1950s. It is an uncommon and benign reactive tumor that is believed to occur after trauma or inflammation. It most commonly occurs in the maxilla and mandible and rarely affects the nasal cavity.

Effect of virus infection on the secondary metabolite production and phytohormone biosynthesis in plants.

Plants have evolved according to their environmental conditions and continuously interact with different biological entities. These interactions induce many positive and negative effects on plant metabolism. Many viruses also associate with various plant species and alter their metabolism.