Mesenteric cysts.

<b>Introduction:</b> Mesenteric cysts (MCs) are a rare pathology of the abdominal cavity (with an incidence of 1/27.000 to 1/250.000 admissions) and less than 1000 cases have been described in the specialized literature.

Search for signals of positive selection of circadian rhythm genes PER1, PER2, PER3 in different human populations.

The diversity of geographically distributed human populations shows considerable variation in external and internal traits of individuals. Such differences are largely attributed to genetic adaptation to various environmental influences, which include changes in climatic conditions, variations in sleep and wakefulness, dietary variations, and others. Whole-genome data from individuals of different populations make it possible to determine the specific genetic sites responsible for adaptations and to further understand the genetic structure underlying human adaptive characteristics.

Genomic Signatures of Positive Selection in Human Populations of the , , , and Gene Variants Related to the Regulation of Psychoemotional Response.

The neurobiological systems of maintenance and control of behavioral responses result from natural selection. We have analyzed the selection signatures for single nucleotide variants (SNV) of the genes of oxytocin (, ) and vasopressin (, , ) systems, which are associated with the regulation of social and emotional behavior in distinct populations. The analysis was performed using original WGS (whole genome sequencing) data on Eastern Slavs (SlEast), as well as publicly available data from the 1000 Genomes Project on GBR, FIN, IBR, PUR, BEB, CHB, and ACB populations (the latter were taken as reference).

Genome-wide association studies targeting the yield of extraembryonic fluid and production traits in Russian White chickens.

Background: The Russian White is a gene pool breed, registered in 1953 after crossing White Leghorns with local populations and, for 50 years, selected for cold tolerance and high egg production (EL). The breed has great potential in meeting demands of local food producers, commercial farmers and biotechnology sector of specific pathogen-free (SPF) eggs, the former valuing the breed for its egg weight (EW), EL, age at first egg (AFE), body weight (BW), and the latter for its yield of extraembryonic fluid (YEF) in 12.5-day embryos, ratio of extraembryonic fluid to egg weight, and embryo mass.

Direct C4-Benzylation of Indoles via Tandem Benzyl Claisen/Cope Rearrangements.

A novel direct C4 benzylation of indoles utilizing 2-benzyloxyindoles has been developed to access 4-benzyl-2-oxindoles. This strategy involves the in situ formation of isotoluene intermediates via benzyl Claisen rearrangements, which undergoes Cope rearrangement and aromatization. The method provides the desired products in moderate to high yields and shows good functional group tolerance.

Rectus Abdominis Endometrioma after Caesarean Section.

Isolated rectus abdominis muscle endometriosis is very uncommon with less than 20 case reports being published to date since its first description in 1984 by Amato and Levitt. We report another case of isolated rectus abdominis endometriosis in a 37-year-old patient with a previous caesarian section. We also discuss the diagnostic and treatment particularities in these patients.

Improvement of HIV-1 and Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Replication-Dependent Vectors via Optimization of Reporter Gene Reconstitution and Modification with Intronic Short Hairpin RNA.

Unlabelled: Cell-to-cell transmission is an efficient mechanism to disseminate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). However, it has been challenging to quantify the level of cell-to-cell transmission because the virus-producing cells cannot be easily distinguished from infected target cells. We have previously described replication-dependent vectors that can quantify infection events in cocultured cells.

[The urgent problems of the improvement of the environment management system based on the analysis of health risk assessment].

The lack of adequate legislative and regulatory framework for ensuring minimization of the health risks in the field of environmental protection is the obstacle for the application of the risk analysis methodology as a leading tool for administrative activity in Russia. "Principles of the state policy in the sphere of ensuring chemical and biological safety of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 and beyond", approved by the President of the Russian Federation on 01 November 2013, No PR-25 73, are aimed at the legal support for the health risk analysis methodology. In the article there have been supposed the main stages of the operative control of the environmental quality, which lead to the reduction of the health risk to the acceptable level.

Preoperatively diagnosed mucocele of the appendix.

Mucocele of the appendix is an infrequent entity, characterized by distension of the lumen due to accumulation of mucoid substance and is rarely diagnosed preoperatively. If untreated, mucocele may rupture producing a potentially fatal entity known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. The type of surgical treatment is related to the dimensions and the histology of the mucocele.

[The perspective directions of development of methodology of the analysis of risk in Russia].

In the article the perspective directions of development of methodology of the analysis of risk in Russia with taking into account the last world achievements in this area and requirements to harmonization of a system for control of environment quality are considered. Main problem questions of the analysis of risk in relation to regulation of nature protection activity were emphasized to be related as well with insufficiency of legislative, standard and executive support for this direction of administrative activity as with the need of the solution of the methodical questions concerning new tendencies of justification and use of reference levels of chemicals, development of modern approaches to the specification of cancerogenic and not cancerogenic risks, including cumulative ones.

[Problems and ways of solutions to harmonize standards for air pollution].

In the article the basic problems of harmonization of domestic regulatory framework of air pollution with the WHO recommendations and normative values adopted in the EU, U.S. and other countries are considered.

[Improper nutrition as a factor of parodontal inflammatory conditions at able-bodied age].

The study covered actual nutrition in able-bodied individuals having a diagnosed chronic generalized parodontitis. Findings are severe disorders in nutritional staus: severe element disbalance, vitamin insufficiency, fatty acids imbalance in nutrition, lower content of dietary fibers. The nutritional disorders in the examinees prove deep pathogenetic connection of parodontal diseases and internal disorders, associated with nutritional imbalance as well.

Reconstruction for the brilliance-upgrading project of the Photon Factory storage ring.

Reconstruction of the Photon Factory storage ring (PF ring; 2.5 GeV) is now in progress to provide very brilliant synchrotron radiation to users, i.e.

[Evaluation of the immunological activity and safety of group B meningococcal vaccine prepared from a natural complex of specific polysaccharide and outer membrane proteins].

Immunological activity and safety of group B meningococcal vaccine prepared from a natural complex of specific polysaccharide and outer membrane proteins were under study. The immunological safety of the vaccine was evaluated by the absence of antibodies to denaturated and native DNA (d-DNA and n-DNA). As shown with the use of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA), the administration of the vaccine did not induce antibody formation to d-DNA and n-DNA during the observation period.

[A case of retroperitoneal splenosis diagnosed by Tc-99m heat-damaged red blood cell scintigraphy].

Splenosis is autotransplantation of splenic tissue that usually follows traumatic rupture of the spleen and/or splenectomy. We report a case of retroperitoneal splenosis. The correct diagnosis was made noninvasively with Tc-99m heat-damaged red blood cell scintigraphy.

[A new mechanically manipulated unit for CT-guided biopsy].

To avoid radiation exposure to the radiologist during biopsy with CT fluoroscopy, we have developed a new system for CT-guided biopsy. The system is composed of three parts, a needle holder, arm and support. The automatic biopsy needle is mechanically remote controlled by flexible shafts with four functions.

Hilar and mediastinal invasion of bronchogenic carcinoma: evaluation by thin-section electron-beam computed tomography.

The diagnostic accuracy of thin-section incremental dynamic computed tomography (IDCT) using an electron-beam scanner in evaluating hilar or mediastinal invasion of bronchogenic carcinoma was assessed. Thirty-seven patients with proven bronchogenic carcinoma, contiguous with hilar or mediastinal structures, underwent IDCT. The area of contact was scanned using 19 contiguous 3-mm thick sections during injection of contrast material.

Peribronchovascular interstitium of the pulmonary hilum: normal and abnormal findings on thin-section electron-beam CT.

The peribronchovascular interstitium, including bronchial vessels and lymphatic channels, is an important anatomic component of the lung, especially the pulmonary hilum [1-3] (Fig.1). Various pathologic processes involve and spread along this interstitium [4, 5].

[Ultra-low-dose spiral (helical) CT of the thorax: a filtering technique].

To reduce the radiation dose from spiral (helical) CT, a custom-made aluminium filter was installed in the X-ray tube and a reduction of effective tube current was attempted. A pronounced reduction of effective tube current, namely, 6 and 3 mA, was achieved with 26 and 37 mm thick aluminium filters, respectively. Visualization of normal lung structure was accomplished with both 6 and 3 mA settings.