Cohort study of the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth and septic abortion referred by pathological examination in Gifu prefecture in Japan.

Aims: To clarify the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth (PB) and septic abortion (sab) in Gifu prefecture in Japan.

Study Design: This prospective, population-based cohort study was approved by our hospital's Institutional Review Board. All 36 hospitals (100%) in Gifu prefecture offering obstetrical services participated in the study.

Expression of estrogen receptor beta exon-deleted variant mRNAs in ovary and uterine endometrium.

Various estrogen receptor beta exon-deleted variant (ER-beta EDV) mRNAs were expressed in human ovary and uterine endometrium. Estrogen receptor beta (ER-beta) completely or partially deleted exon n is expressed as ER-beta EnDV or En'DV, respectively. The mRNAs for ER-beta single exon-deleted variant (EDV), ER-beta E2DV, E4DV, E5DV and E6DV; for ER-beta double exon-deleted variants, ER-beta E1'+2DV, E4+5DV and E5+6DV; and for ER-beta triple exon-deleted variants, ER-beta E2'+3+4DV and E4+5+6DV were detected.

Coexpression of growth arrest-specific gene 6 and receptor tyrosine kinases, Axl and Sky, in human uterine endometrium and ovarian endometriosis.

We demonstrated the expression of Gas6, the protein product of the growth arrest-specific gene 6 (gas6) and a member of the vitamin K-dependent protein family, and its receptor tyrosine kinases, Axl and Sky, in human uterine and ovarian endometriotic endometria using RT-PCR-Southern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Gas6, Axl and Sky mRNA were detected in all samples analysed. There was no significant difference between the levels of Sky mRNA in normal uterine and endometriotic endometria; however, the levels of Gas6 and Axl mRNA in endometriotic endometria were significantly higher than in normal endometria.

Leiomyoma of the fallopian tube.

Leiomyomas of the fallopian tube are rare. They are typically incidental findings seen at autopsy or unrelated surgical procedures. A 32-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal pain and mass.

Identification of exon-deleted progesterone receptor mRNAs in human uterine endometrial cancers.

We demonstrated the expression of various exon-deleted progesterone receptor (PR) variant mRNAs in human uterine endometrial cancers using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-DNA sequencing analyses. In addition to PR wild-type mRNA, exon 4-deleted, exon 6-deleted, exon 3,4-deleted, exon 5,6-deleted, exon 4,5,6-deleted and exon 3,4,5,6-deleted PR variant mRNAs were identified. The exon 6-deleted and exon 5,6-deleted PR variant mRNAs lacked encoding for the steroid-binding domain.

Dominant expression of progesterone receptor form B mRNA in ovarian endometriosis.

This study was designed to examine the biological implications of progesterone receptor form A (PR-A) and B (PR-B) mRNA expressions in human ovarian endometriosis (ectopic endometrium). A high ratio of PR-B to PR-AB (PR-A+PR-B) mRNA expression was found in 8 of 14 cases of endometriosis, compared with the ratio in eutopic endometrium. The mean ratio in ectopic endometria was significantly (p < 0.

Progestin regulation in tumor growth of female genital tract cancers.

The irregular response to progestins directly in tumor growth might be caused by dominant negative progesterone receptor (PR) mutants and the damage to PR-A expression. Progestin treatment as an anti-angiogenic therapy would be less effective in the PR-mutated tumors. Therefore, various anti-angiogenic inhibitors must be used in progestin-refractory and progestin-dependent tumors.

Evidence for the synthesis of corticosteroid-binding globulin in human placenta.

We demonstrated the expression of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) in human placenta using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis and immunohistochemical and immunoblotting studies. In the RT-PCR-Southern blot analysis, only one predicted PCR product was detected without nonspecific products in all samples of human placenta and 3A (tPA-30-1) human placental cells. In Western blot analysis, polyclonal anti-CBG antibodies recognized a protein of approximately 55 kD in the protein extracts prepared from 3A (tPA-30-1) cells.

Levels of corticosteroid-binding globulin mRNA in human ovarian cancers.

To understand the role of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) in the intracellular steroidal actions in human ovarian cancers, the level of CBG mRNA expression was evaluated in normal ovarian tissues and in ovarian cancers using competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis. The expression of CBG mRNA was detected in all normal ovaries and ovarian cancers analyzed. There were no significant differences in the mean CBG mRNA levels between normal ovaries and ovarian cancers.

Levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin mRNAs in corpus luteum of human subjects: correlation with serum steroid hormone levels.

To understand regulation of the function of human ovarian corpus luteum by sex steroid-binding proteins, the levels of luteal intracellular sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) mRNAs and serum steroid hormones were simultaneously determined. The expression of SHBG and CBG mRNAs was detected in all samples analyzed. SHBG mRNA level was positively correlated with serum estradiol-17 beta level (p < 0.

Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin exon 7 splicing variant mRNA in secondary spreading lesions of gynecological cancers.

This study was designed to determine the clinical implications of intracellular expression of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) wild-type and exon 7 splicing variant mRNAs in secondary spreading lesions of gynecologic cancers using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot and DNA sequencing analyses. Compared with primary cancers, a relative increase in SHBG variant mRNA to wild-type mRNA expression was observed (4/10 cases of uterine endometrial cancers, 5/10 cases of uterine cervical cancers, 6/10 cases of ovarian cancers) or the expression of SHBG wild-type and variant mRNAs could not be detected (5/10 cases of uterine endometrial cancers, 3/10 cases of uterine cervical cancers, 4/10 cases of ovarian cancers). On the other hand, alteration to a relative increase in SHBG wild-type mRNA expression in the metastatic lesions occurred in only 3 cases (1/10 cases of uterine endometrial cancers and 2/10 cases of uterine cervical cancers) analyzed.

Expression of oestrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA in corpus luteum of human subjects.

To investigate the role of oestrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in the function of human ovarian corpus luteum, the levels of luteal ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA were determined using competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis. The expression of ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA was detected in all luteal samples analysed. Luteal ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA levels were significantly lower (P<0.

Expression of progesterone receptor isoforms in corpora lutea of human subjects: correlation with serum oestrogen and progesterone concentrations.

To understand the biological significance of progesterone receptor forms A (PR-A) and B (PR-B) in human corpus luteum, the expression of mRNA and serum steroid hormone concentrations were determined simultaneously in the luteal stages. The expression of PR-A mRNA predominated over PR-B mRNA in all samples analysed. Total PR (PR-AB) and PR-B mRNA concentrations at the late secretory phase were significantly (P < 0.

Identification of various exon-deleted progesterone receptor mRNAs in human endometrium and ovarian endometriosis.

We demonstrated the expression of various exon-deleted progesterone receptor (PR) variant mRNAs in human uterine endometrium and ovarian endometriosis using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-DNA sequencing analyses. In addition to PR wild-type mRNA, various exon-deleted PR variant mRNAs were identified in all samples analyzed. The sequence of these variants showed a perfect junction between exons surrouding the deletion area.

Effects of sex steroid hormones on corticosteroid-binding globulin gene expression in human endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa.

The effect of progestins on intracellular corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) mRNA expression in an endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa) was examined in an attempt to understand the biological effects of high-dose progestins in the treatment of well-differentiated uterine endometrial cancers. Oestradiol-17 beta (E2) significantly increased CBG mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner, while a high dose of progesterone with or without E2 suppressed it significantly. Furthermore, a high dose of progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) suppressed CBG mRNA expression to a greater degree than did chlormadinone acetate or 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate with or without E2.

Steroid receptor mRNA levels in human corpus luteum.

To understand the biology of sex steroids in the human corpus luteum, the expression of estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor, and androgen receptor mRNA levels was determined by semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis. Expression of all receptor mRNAs was detected in all samples analyzed. Each steroid receptor mRNA level was significantly lower (p < 0.

The failed suppression of serum estradiol level by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in a case of pelvic endometriosis.

We report a case in which gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for a patient with pelvic endometriosis did not suppress the endometrial growth or serum levels of estradiol or follicle-stimulating hormone but did that of luteinizing hormone, regardless of the therapeutic dose in blood.

Dominant expression of sex-hormone-binding-globulin exon-7 splicing variant over wild-type mRNA in human ovarian cancers.

The intracellular expression of sex-hormone-binding-globulin(SHBG) exon-7-splicing-variant mRNA in human ovarian cancers was demonstrated by reverse-transcription/polymerase-chain-reaction, Southern-blot and DNA-sequencing analyses. Analysis of the missing base pairs proved that they corresponded to the entire exon 7, which is considered to encode a portion of the steroid-binding site, suggesting that the steroid-binding affinity of this variant might be different from that of the SHBG wild type. SHBG wild-type and variant mRNA was detected in all normal ovaries and in benign and malignant ovarian tumors analyzed.

Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on sex hormone-binding globulin mRNA expression in the human endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa.

To understand the rationale of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of well-differentiated uterine endometrial cancers, the effect of MPA on intracellular sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) mRNA expression in well-differentiated uterine endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa was determined by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot analysis. Estradiol-17beta (E2, 10(-8) mol/l) did not alter SHBG mRNA expression, but the addition of 10(-10) mol/l MPA increased it, while a high concentration of MPA (10(-6) to 10(-5) mol/l) with or without E2 suppressed it. Furthermore.

Relatively high expression ratio of sex hormone-binding globulin exon VII splicing variant to wild-type mRNA in human uterine cervical cancers.

We have demonstrated the intracellular expression of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) exon VII splicing variant mRNA in human uterine cervical cancer using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot and DNA sequencing analyses. Analysis of the missing base pairs proved they corresponded to the entire exon VII, which is considered to encode a portion of the steroid-binding site, suggesting that the steroid-binding affinity of the variant protein might be different from that of the wild-type SHBG. In uterine cervical cancers, the wild-type mRNA levels were lower (P<0.

Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin exon VII splicing variant messenger ribonucleic acid in human ovarian endometriosis.

Objective: To investigate the expression of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) exon VII splicing variant messenger RNA (mRNA) in human ovarian endometriosis.

Design: The expression of SHBG variant mRNA in normal uterine endometrium and endometriotic tissue was determined.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Hospital.

Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin exon VII splicing variant mRNA in human uterine myometrium and leiomyoma.

We have explored the mechanism of estrogen-induced growth in human uterine leiomyomas from the aspect of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) exon VII splicing variant mRNA expression using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot and DNA sequencing analyses. The results were obtained by analysis of the missing base pairs corresponding to the entire exon VII, which are considered to encode a portion of the steroid-binding site. This absence replaces 118 amino acids from the carboxy-terminus of SHBG with nine different amino acid residues due to the formation of a new stop codon at residue 334.

Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors in spermatozoa of infertile men.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical implication of sex steroidal actions on human spermatozoa.

Patients And Methods: Human spermatozoa were obtained from 20 males. Immunohistochemical staining for estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) was conducted by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method.

Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin exon VII splicing variant messenger RNA in human uterine endometrial cancers.

We have demonstrated the intracellular expression of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) exon VII splicing variant mRNA in human uterine endometrial cancer using the reverse transcription-PCR-Southern blot and DNA sequencing analyses. Analysis of the missing base pairs proved that they corresponded to the entire exon VII, which is considered to encode a portion of the steroid-binding site, suggesting that the steroid-binding affinity of this variant might be different from that of the SHBG wild type. In uterine endometrial cancers, the wild-type mRNA levels significantly (P < 0.

Expression of sex hormone-binding globulin exon VII splicing variant mRNA in human uterine endometrium.

We have demonstrated the expression of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) exon VII splicing variant mRNA in human uterine endometrium, using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-Southern blot and DNA sequencing analyses. Analysis of the missing base pairs corresponded to the entire exon VII, which are considered to encode a portion of the steroid-binding site. Therefore, the steroid-binding affinity of this variant might be different from that of the SHBG wild type.