Periapical bacterial disinfection is critical for dental pulp regenerative cell therapy in apical periodontitis in dogs.

Background: Application of pulp regenerative cell therapy for mature teeth with periapical lesions is a critical clinical challenge. The bacterial infection in inaccessible location within the root canal system and in the periapical lesions could cause resistance and impediment, leading to limitations in successful therapy. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of residual bacteria on the outcome of pulp regeneration in mature teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs.

Pulp Regenerative Therapy Using Autologous Dental Pulp Stem Cells in a Mature Tooth with Apical Periodontitis: A Case Report.

The utility and feasibility of pulp regenerative therapy with autologous dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in mature teeth with irreversible pulpitis were clinically demonstrated. On the other hand, there is no evidence of the utility of DPSCs in mature teeth with apical periodontitis. The aim of this case report was to describe the potential utility of regenerative cell therapy in mature teeth with apical periodontitis.

Biological characteristics and pulp regeneration potential of stem cells from canine deciduous teeth compared with those of permanent teeth.

Background: Clinical studies have demonstrated that dental pulp stem cells isolated from permanent teeth (PT-DPSCs) are safe and efficacious for complete pulp regeneration in mature pulpectomized permanent teeth with complete apical closure. Moreover, dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DT-DPSCs) have also been shown to be useful for pulp regenerative cell therapy of injured immature permanent teeth. However, direct comparisons of the pulp regenerative potential of DT-DPSCs and PT-DPSCs from the same individual have not been performed.

Pulp Regenerative Cell Therapy for Mature Molars: A Report of 2 Cases.

Regenerative cell therapy using autologous dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in mature single-rooted teeth is a potential alternative to traditional endodontic treatment. However, there is no evidence supporting the use of DPSCs in multirooted teeth. This case report aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and outcomes of pulp regenerative cell therapy in mature multirooted molars, which typically have a higher prevalence of apical deltas.

Characterization of stable hypoxia-preconditioned dental pulp stem cells compared with mobilized dental pulp stem cells for application for pulp regenerative therapy.

Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been developed as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regeneration of dental pulp and other tissues. However, further strategies to isolate highly functional DPSCs beyond the colony-forming methods are required. We have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of DPSCs isolated by G-CSF-induced mobilization and cultured under normoxia (mobilized DPSCs, MDPSCs) for pulp regeneration.

Pulp Regeneration: Current Approaches, Challenges, and Novel Rejuvenating Strategies for an Aging Population.

We showed the safety and efficacy of pulp regenerative therapy by the autologous transplantation of mobilized dental pulp stem cells with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a pilot clinical study of young and middle-aged pulpectomized teeth. An experimental study in dogs further demonstrated an age-dependent decline in the amount of regenerated pulp tissue. In our society, in which people will soon live beyond 100 years, this therapy should be efficacious for contributing to the functional survival and endurance of the tooth not only for pulpectomized young teeth but also for aged teeth with periapical disease.

Treatment of Pulpectomized Teeth With Trypsin Prior to Transplantation of Mobilized Dental Pulp Stem Cells Enhances Pulp Regeneration in Aged Dogs.

There is an age-dependent decline of pulp regeneration, due to the decline of migration, proliferation, and cell survival of resident stem cells. Trypsin is a proteolytic enzyme clinically used for tissue repair. Here, we investigated the effects of trypsin pretreatment of pulpectomized teeth prior to cell transplantation on pulp regeneration in aged dogs.

Nanobubble-Enhanced Antimicrobial Agents: A Promising Approach for Regenerative Endodontics.

Introduction: In this study, we investigated the properties of nanobubble (NB) water and its effect on smear layer removal and strengthening the efficiency of disinfecting agents used in regenerative endodontic treatment.

Methods: NB water was generated in a NB Generator. The NB size, concentration, and pH were measured.

CCR3 antagonist protects against induced cellular senescence and promotes rejuvenation in periodontal ligament cells for stimulating pulp regeneration in the aged dog.

Pulp regeneration after transplantation of mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) declines in the aged dogs due in part to the chronic inflammation and/or cellular senescence. Eotaxin-1/C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11) is an inflammation marker via chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3). Moreover, CCR3 antagonist (CCR3A) can inhibit CCL11 binding to CCR3 and prevent CCL11/CCR3 signaling.

Transplantation effects of dental pulp-derived cells on peripheral nerve regeneration in crushed sciatic nerve injury.

The effects of transplanted human dental pulp-derived cells (DPCs) on peripheral nerve regeneration were studied in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury. In one group, DPCs were transplanted into the compression site (cell transplantation group); the control group underwent no transplantation (crushed group). Sciatic nerve regeneration was determined based on the recovery of motor function and histological and immunohistochemical analyses.

Magnetic resonance imaging in endodontics: a literature review.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently been used for the evaluation of dental pulp anatomy, vitality, and regeneration. This study reviewed the recent use of MRI in the endodontic field.

Methods: Literature published from January 2000 to March 2017 was searched in PubMed using the following Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms: (1) MRI and (dental pulp anatomy or endodontic pulp); (2) MRI and dental pulp regeneration.

Animal Models for Stem Cell-Based Pulp Regeneration: Foundation for Human Clinical Applications.

Animal models are essential for tissue regeneration studies. This review summarizes and discusses the small and large animal models, including mouse, ferret, dog, and miniswine that have been utilized to experiment and to demonstrate stem cell-mediated dental pulp tissue regeneration. We describe the models based on the location where the tissue regeneration is tested-either ectopic, semiorthotopic, or orthotopic.

Stem Cell-Induced Pulp Regeneration Can Be Enhanced by Administration of CCL11-Neutralizing Antibody in the Ectopic Tooth Transplantation Model in the Aged Mice.

Objective: Pulp regeneration by stem cell transplantation declines due to age-related reduction. We hypothesized that administration of a cytokine together with the cell transplantation may improve the stem cell niche microenvironment and promote regeneration. CCL11 is implicated as a factor in aging.

Allogeneic transplantation of mobilized dental pulp stem cells with the mismatched dog leukocyte antigen type is safe and efficacious for total pulp regeneration.

Background: We recently demonstrated that autologous transplantation of mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) was a safe and efficacious potential therapy for total pulp regeneration in a clinical study. The autologous MDPSCs, however, have some limitations to overcome, such as limited availability of discarded teeth from older patients. In the present study, we investigated whether MDPSCs can be used for allogeneic applications to expand their therapeutic use.

Recent Progress in Translation from Bench to a Pilot Clinical Study on Total Pulp Regeneration.

Based on a preclinical bench study in dogs, a pilot clinical study was completed. Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) subsets were isolated by mobilization by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and expanded in good manufacturing practice conditions. The safety and efficacy of their autologous transplantation for total pulp regeneration was assessed in 5 patients with irreversible pulpitis.

Pulp regeneration by transplantation of dental pulp stem cells in pulpitis: a pilot clinical study.

Background: Experiments have previously demonstrated the therapeutic potential of mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) for complete pulp regeneration. The aim of the present pilot clinical study is to assess the safety, potential efficacy, and feasibility of autologous transplantation of MDPSCs in pulpectomized teeth.

Methods: Five patients with irreversible pulpitis were enrolled and monitored for up to 24 weeks following MDPSC transplantation.

Therapeutic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Secretome for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: An In Vitro Study.

The secretome obtained from stem cell cultures contains an array of neurotrophic factors and cytokines that might have the potential to treat neurodegenerative conditions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common human late onset and sporadic neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of secretome derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to reduce cytotoxicity and apoptosis caused by amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide.

EDTA soluble chemical components and the conditioned medium from mobilized dental pulp stem cells contain an inductive microenvironment, promoting cell proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation.

Background: The critical challenge in tissue engineering is to establish an optimal combination of stem cells, signaling morphogenetic molecules, and extracellular matrix scaffold/microenvironment. The extracellular matrix components of teeth may be reconstituted as an inductive microenvironment in an ectopic tooth transplantation bioassay. Thus, the isolation and identification of the chemical components of the inductive microenvironment in pulp/dentin regeneration will accelerate progress towards the goal of tissue engineering of the tooth.

Effects of Extracellular pH on Dental Pulp Cells In Vitro.

Introduction: The proliferation and migration of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), a population comprised of dental pulp cells (DPCs), are important processes for pulp tissue repair. Dental pulp is exposed to changes in extracellular pH under various conditions, such as acidosis and exposure to caries-associated bacteria or a pulp capping agent. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of extracellular pH on DPC proliferation and migration in vitro.

Assessment of Pulp Regeneration Induced by Stem Cell Therapy by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the regeneration of pulp tissue.

Methods: Mobilized dental pulp stem cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with collagen were transplanted into mature pulpectomized teeth for pulp regeneration (n = 4). The controls consisted of pulpectomized teeth with or without collagen and normal teeth with intact pulp tissue (n = 4, each).

Injection of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Promotes Healing of Damaged Bladder Tissue in a Rat Model of Chemically Induced Cystitis.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are reported as sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are used as cell therapy options for various diseases. The present study examined the healing effects of DPSC injection on damaged bladder tissue in a chemically induced cystitis rat model.

Trophic Effects of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Schwann Cells in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Recently, mesenchymal stem cells have demonstrated a potential for neurotrophy and neurodifferentiation. We have recently isolated mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) gradient, which has high neurotrophic/angiogenic potential. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MDPSC transplantation on peripheral nerve regeneration.