Construction and infection of a new simian/human immunodeficiency chimeric virus (SHIV) containing the integrase gene of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome and analysis of its adaptation to monkey cells.

Expanding the HIV-1-derived regions in the SHIV genome may help to clarify the viral restriction factors determining the host range. In this study, we constructed a new SHIV having the reverse transcriptase and integrase-encoding regions of HIV-1 in addition to the 3' half genomic region of HIV-1. This SHIV, termed SHIVrti/3rn, could replicate in a monkey CD4+ T cell line, HSC-F, although its replication in monkey PBMCs was very weak.

Construction of a novel SHIV having an HIV-1-derived protease gene and its infection to rhesus macaques: a useful tool for in vivo efficacy tests of protease inhibitors.

We generated a novel SHIV (termed SHIV-pr) that possesses the HIV-1-derived protease (PR) gene in the corresponding position in the SIVmac genome. SHIV-pr is replication-competent in human and monkey CD4(+) T lymphoid cell lines as well as rhesus macaque PBMCs. The viral growth of SHIV-pr was completely blocked in the presence of a peptide-analog PR inhibitor at the tissue culture level.