Correlations of mRNA Levels among Efflux Transporters, Transcriptional Regulators, and Scaffold Proteins in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) due to enhanced drug efflux activity of tumor cells can severely impact the efficacy of antitumor therapies. We recently showed that increased activity of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) associated with activation of Snail transcriptional regulators may be mediated mainly by moesin in lung cancer cells. Here, we aimed to systematically evaluate the relationships among mRNA expression levels of efflux transporters (P-gp, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2)), scaffold proteins (ezrin (Ezr), radixin (Rdx), and moesin (Msn); ERM proteins), and SNAI family members (Snail, Slug, and Smac) in clinical lung cancer and noncancer samples.

Ramucirumab-related Oral Pyogenic Granuloma: A Report of Two Cases.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a granulomatous elevated lesion that occurs on the skin and mucous membranes. We herein report two cases of intra-oral PG that developed during the administration of ramucirumab for gastric cancer. Case 1 involved a 55-year-old man with a 6-mm tumor on the right tongue, and case 2 involved a 67-year-old man with a 5-mm tumor on the upper lip.

Metachronous bilateral breast metastases of a lung neuroendocrine tumor: A case report.

Breast metastases of primary lung neuroendocrine tumors are rarely reported. The current report presents the case of a 41-year old female with no history of smoking who initially underwent surgery for a breast fibroadenoma, during which a neuroendocrine tumor of the right lung was detected via chest X-ray. The patient underwent surgery for the tumor and developed right breast nodules after adjuvant chemotherapy.

Moesin-Mediated P-Glycoprotein Activation During Snail-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer Cells.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a role in not only cancer metastasis, but also drug resistance, which is associated with increased levels of efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Here, we examined whether P-gp activation during Snail-induced EMT of lung cancer cells is mediated by ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM), which regulate transporter localization. HCC827 lung cancer cells overexpressing the transcription factor Snail showed increased Rhodamine123 efflux and increased paclitaxel resistance, reflecting increased P-gp activity.

Renal primitive neuroectodermal tumor with elevated plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels: A case report.

Introduction: Primitive neuroectodermal tumors are small round-cell tumors - Ewing sarcoma family, frequently occurring in the extremities, but rarely in the kidney.

Case Presentation: A 58-year-old woman presented with whole-body edema and weakness of lower limb muscles. Computed tomography revealed a left renal tumor, and the plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone level was elevated.

[USEFULNESS OF VIVID (VISUALIZATION OF VARIOUS INTEGRATION WITH DIFFUSION) ON COGNITIVE FUSION PROSTATE BIOPSY].

(Purpose) We created an image reconstructing multiparametric MRI system called VIVID (Visualization of Various Integration with Diffusion) and examined the efficacy of VIVID in detecting prostate cancer. (Methods and materials) The subjects were 80 patients who underwent one target biopsy with reference to MRI images in addition to 8-20 biopsies. (Results) The significant cancer detection rate was 61%, the significant cancer detection rate of PI-RADS 4 or 5 was 55%, and the significant cancer detection rate of VIVID score 4 or 5 was 55%.

Decreasing expression of glucose-regulated protein GRP78/BiP as a significant prognostic predictor in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP)/glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is important in the endoplasmic reticulum stress, and is highly expressed in various human cancers. The clinical and pathological features of GRP78/BiP are unclear in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of GRP78/BiP as a prognostic marker for laryngeal SCC.

Tumor-infiltrating CD45RO(+) memory cells are associated with a favorable prognosis breast cancer.

Background: CD45RO is a marker for memory lymphocytes. Whether CD45RO(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) prevent breast cancer recurrence is unclear.

Methods: In the present study, we evaluated CD45RO expression in TILs as a predictor of prognosis in 98 patients with breast cancer who underwent radical surgery without neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Expression of Amino Acid Transporters (LAT1 and ASCT2) in Patients with Stage III/IV Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression in patients with advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). A total of 73 patients with advanced LSCC were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for LAT1, 4F2hc, system ASC amino acid transporter-2 (ASCT2), cell proliferation by Ki-67, microvessel density (MVD) determined by CD34 and p53.

Impact of vascular invasion of a primary tumor as a strong risk factor for disease recurrence in patients with node-positive breast cancer.

The presence of lymph node metastasis is considered to be the most significant indicator of prognosis. However, in some cases with node-positive breast cancer, cancer cell dissemination is localized to the lymphatic systems. It is, therefore, important to develop selection criteria for strong adjuvant therapy in patients with node-positive breast cancer.

Prognostic value of extracapsular invasion of axillary lymph nodes combined with peritumoral vascular invasion in patients with breast cancer.

Background: Extracapsular invasion (ECI) of metastatic axillary lymph nodes has been associated with aggressive nodal disease but its prognostic role in breast cancer is unclear. The present study evaluated nodal ECI as a predictor of breast cancer recurrence.

Methods: We evaluated 154 women with histologically proven node-positive breast cancer who were diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, and investigated the relationships between ECI and recurrences and other clinicopathological factors, particularly vascular invasion and the number of lymph node metastases.

Extracapsular invasion of sentinel lymph nodes is not associated with disease recurrence in breast cancer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of extracapsular invasion (ECI) in positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) as a predictor of disease recurrence in breast cancer. SLN biopsy was performed on 318 breasts of 316 breast cancer patients, of which 50 (15.7%) had positive SLNs.

CD98 as a novel prognostic indicator for patients with stage III/IV hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Both L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) and CD98 are strongly expressed in primary human cancer and play essential roles in tumor growth. We studied the clinicopathological significance of LAT1 and CD98 expression in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods: A total of 70 patients with stage III/IV disease were retrospectively reviewed.

Impact of the prognostic value of vascular invasion, but not lymphatic invasion, of the primary tumor in patients with breast cancer.

Background: The prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in patients with breast cancer is unclear. Lymphatic invasion may mainly represent the selective affinity of breast cancer cells for lymph nodes. This study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of vascular invasion that may reflect systemic disease as a predictor of disease recurrence in breast cancer, separate from lymphatic invasion of the primary tumor.

Early predictive value of non-response to docetaxel in neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer using 18F-FDG-PET.

Background: The aim of this prospective study of patients with breast cancer was to identify non-responders to docetaxel in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET).

Patients And Methods: We analyzed the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of (18)F-FDG-PET before and after the first course and the reduction rate in tumor size shown by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before the first and after the fourth course of docetaxel.

Results: None of the eight patients (0%) whose SUVmax decrease was less than 18% revealed a clinical partial response or clinical complete response; Seven out of the sixteen patients (44%) with an SUVmax decrease over 45% achieved a complete response.

Immediate cytology improves accuracy and decreases complication rate in real-time computed tomography-guided needle lung biopsy.

Computed tomography-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (CTNB) of the lung is a well-established diagnostic technique for the evaluation of thoracic lesions. At our institution, we have performed real-time CTNB using automated biopsy needles since 1998 and we introduced immediate cytology in 2004. We evaluate immediate cytology in CTNB to increase the diagnostic accuracy and to reduce the number of inadequate specimens.

Clinicopathological significance of decreased galectin-3 expression and the long-term prognosis in patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: Galectin-3 expression is modulated in cancer cells, and that finding has led to the recognition of galectin-3 as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for various cancers, including breast cancer. This study investigated the correlation between galectin-3 expression and the clinicopathological features in patients with breast cancer, in order to determine the relevance and role of galectin-3 in breast cancer progression.

Methods: Galectin-3 expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 116 patients with breast cancer, and a statistical analysis was performed.

The detection of pCR after PST by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for breast cancer.

Background: Primary systemic therapy (PST; such as chemotherapy) has been approved as the standard therapy. Breast-conserving surgery is involved in 60-70% of breast cancer operations, and cancer can spread in the period between the initial treatment and preoperative chemotherapy. To reduce the residual tumor in persistent disease of breast tissue, determining the margin including normal tissue when removing the tumor is very difficult.

Accuracy of intraoperative macroscopic diagnosis of sentinel node metastases in breast cancer: is accurate prediction possible?

Background: Accurate intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases enables the selection of patients who require axillary lymph node dissection, thus avoiding an additional operation. In this study we investigated the accuracy of intraoperative macroscopic diagnosis of SLN metastases in patients with breast cancer.

Methods: SLNs from 276 breast cancer patients with clinically negative nodes were analyzed by macroscopic examination.

Implication of extracapsular invasion of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer: prediction of nonsentinel lymph node metastasis.

Background: Accurate intraoperative diagnosis of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases enables the selection of patients who require axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, many patients with positive SLN do not show metastasis to other axillary lymph nodes. In this study, we investigated the factors that may determine the likelihood of additional positive nodes in the axilla when metastasis is found in the SLN.

Intramucosal adenocarcinoma of the ileum originated 40 years after ileosigmoidostomy.

Background: Small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs) are rare carcinomas. They are asymptomatic and usually neither endoscopy nor contrast studies are performed for screening

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old Japanese male had a positive fecal occult blood test at a regular check-up in 2006. He suffered appendicitis and received an ileosigmoidostomy in 1966.

Magnetic resonance imaging in peripheral lung adenocarcinoma: correlation with histopathologic features.

Objective: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with various technologic advancements has generally been used to elevate the accuracy of diagnosis for several malignant tumors. This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of newer MRI techniques for differentiating among the different types of invasiveness in lung adenocarcinoma by comparing the MRI findings with the pathologic findings.

Materials And Methods: From May 2005 to April 2007, 46 patients with lung adenocarcinoma measuring 3 cm or less across the greatest dimension underwent a surgical operation including preoperative MRI study in this hospital.

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the thymus: a case report.

A mucinous adenocarcinoma of the thymus is rare, and there is presently limited information on the clinical aspects of this uncommon type of tumor. Only six cases have been reported in the literature. A 49-year-old Japanese male presented with an anterior mediastinal mass, and underwent a tumor resection.

Differential diagnosis of primary versus metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinomas using gene mutation analyses: a case report.

A 61-year-old Japanese woman underwent a partial mastectomy for cancer of the right breast (pT1cN0M0, stage I). Eight months later, chest computed tomography revealed two small nodules in the left lower lobe (Segmentum basale laterale and Segmentum basale posterius; S9 and S10). She thereafter underwent partial pulmonary resections for both diagnostic and treatment purposes.