Association of maternal serum vitamin D level with fetal pulmonary artery Doppler indices and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Purpose: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is potentially fatal in infants. The present study investigated the association of maternal serum vitamin D level with fetal pulmonary artery Doppler indices and neonatal RDS.

Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 260 mothers admitted for delivery.

The association between increased fetal movements in the third trimester and perinatal outcomes; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Fetal movement monitoring is one of the strategies used to assess the fetus's health. Until now, most studies focused on the decreased fetal movement and neonatal outcome, although this systematic review and meta-analysis is designed to assess the association between increased fetal movements (IFM) with perinatal outcomes.

Method: The electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were systematically searched for studies investigating the perinatal outcome of women with increased fetal movements from inception to July 2023.

Diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio to predict recurrent pregnancy loss and abortion; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in women with a history of abortion (missed and threatened) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) in comparison with healthy pregnancies.

Methods: Electronic databases including MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for NLR and PLR in women who experienced early pregnancy loss up to January 1, 2023 with a combination of proper keywords. Meta-analysis was done for comparison with three or more studies and summary estimates were measured.

Evaluation of the Effect of Low-dose Aspirin on the Prevention of Preterm Delivery in Women with a History of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery.

Objective:  Currently, uteroplacental vascular disorders are considered one of the main mechanisms of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD). Low-dose aspirin is used to prevent pre-eclampsia, which has a similar mechanism; hence, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of low-dose aspirin on the prevention of PTD in women with a history of spontaneous PTD.

Methods:  The present pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted on 54 pregnant women in the aspirin group (taking 80 mg daily until the 36 week and classic treatment) and 53 patients in the control group (only receiving classic treatment).

Association between fetal liver diameter and glycemic control in pregnant women with gestational diabetes: A pilot study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fetal liver length (FLL) and maternal glycemic status in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as well as to determine whether FLL measurement in the third trimester is associated with neonatal outcomes.

Method: A total of 51 singleton GDM pregnancies were included in this pilot study, and transabdominal ultrasound biometry and FLL measurements were performed between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation. Maternal indicators of glycemic control, including hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and 2-h postprandial blood sugar were also evaluated during this period.

Remdesivir in pregnant women with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a retrospective cohort study.

Data on the efficacy of remdesivir in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited in pregnant patients since they have been excluded from clinical trials. We aimed to investigate some clinical outcomes following remdesivir administration in pregnancy. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted on pregnant women with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Comparison of Parameters of Fetal Doppler Echocardiography Between Mothers with and Without Diabetes.

Background: The current study aimed to compare fetal myocardial function and ventricular thickness in diabetic and normal pregnancies.

Methods: Women with singleton pregnancies in the second or third trimester who were referred for routine prenatal or anomaly ultrasounds within March 2020 to February 2021 were enrolled in the study. Women with a positive history of overt or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were considered the case group (n = 50), and women without GDM were considered the control group (n = 50).

Melatonin as an adjuvant treatment modality with doxorubicin.

Combination chemotherapy seems to be a beneficial choice for some cancer patients particularly when the drugs target different processes of oncogenesis; patients treated with combination therapies sometimes have a better prognosis than those treated with single drug chemotherapy. However, research has shown that this is not always the case, and this approach may only increase toxicity without having a significant effect in augmenting the antitumor actions of the drugs. Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most common chemotherapy drugs used to treat many types of cancer, but it also has serious side effects, such as cardiotoxicity, skin necrosis, testicular toxicity, and nephrotoxicity.

Molecular and cellular mechanisms of melatonin in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is considered as one of the most important health problems due to its poor prognosis and high rate of mortality and new diagnosed cases. Annually, a great number of deaths are reported in men and women; this means that despite all the improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, still, an intense need for more effective approaches exists. Melatonin is a multivalent compound which has a hand in several cellular and molecular processes and therefore, is an appropriate candidate for treatment of many diseases like cancer.

Misoprostol complications in second-trimester termination of pregnancy among women with a history of more than one cesarean section.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the complications due to misoprostol administration for second-trimester termination of pregnancy among women with history of 2 or more cesarean scarring.

Methods: The cohort of this retrospective study included 678 subjects who required second-trimester pregnancy termination, from 2013 to 2015 and treated with vaginal misoprostol of 100 to 400 µg. The subjects were divided into 3 groups based on their history of cesarean sections: without a history of cesarean section, with a history of one cesarean section, and with a history of more than one cesarean section and uterine scaring.

Maternal and neonatal outcomes and determinants of iodine deficiency in third trimester of pregnancy in an iodine sufficient area.

Background: Mild to moderate iodine deficiency in pregnant women may expose them to the increased risk of the development of goiter and thyroid disorder. There is a relationship between low maternal UIC (Urinary iodine concentration) in pregnancy and diminished placental weight and neonatal head circumference. The current study was an attempt to assess iodine nutritional status, its determinants and relationship with maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Non-invasive prenatal test to screen common trisomies in twin pregnancies.

Objectives: Recent years have witnessed a shift from invasive methods of prenatal screening to non-invasive strategies. Accordingly, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma has gained a considerable deal of interest from both geneticists and obstetricians. Efficacy of this method in identification of common aneuploidies has been extensively assessed in singleton pregnancies.

Efficacy and safety of oral hyoscine used for outpatient cervical ripening among primiparous women with term pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of outpatient administration of oral hyoscine for cervical ripening.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Tehran between September 2017 and December 2018, 100 primiparous women with singleton pregnancy at 38 -40 gestational weeks and Bishop score of 5 or less were randomized to either routine expectant management (control group) or 10 mg of oral hyoscine twice daily for 1 week, followed by once daily for 1 week (hyoscine group).

Results: Mean ± SD Bishop score in the hyoscine and control groups was, respectively, 1.

The Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Clinical Symptoms and Gene Expression Related to Inflammation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Infertile Women Candidate for In Vitro Fertilization.

This study was performed to determine the effects of selenium supplementation on clinical symptoms and gene expression related to inflammatory markers in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who were candidate for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Thirty-six women candidate for IVF were recruited in this randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. They (n = 18/group) were randomly assigned into intervention groups to take either 200 μg/day of selenium or placebo for 8 weeks.

Evaluation of the effect of antenatal betamethasone on neonatal respiratory morbidity in early-term elective cesarean.

Compared with vaginal delivery, early-term cesarean section (CS) is associated with an increased risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity. Given the role of steroids in lung maturation in preterm labor, few studies have investigated their effects on early-term delivery. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of antenatal betamethasone on neonatal respiratory morbidity in early-term elective cesarean (37-38 weeks and 6 d).

Evaluation of the effect of antenatal betamethasone on neonatal respiratory morbidities in late preterm deliveries (34-37 weeks).

Since late preterm neonates (34-36 weeks) are more at risk of respiratory morbidities, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of antenatal betamethasone on neonatal respiratory morbidities in women with late preterm delivery. This randomized clinical trial was performed on 240 women with single pregnancy that was at high risk of late preterm delivery (34-37 weeks). The patients were randomly assigned to either betamethasone (intramuscular injection of 12 mg of betamethasone in two doses with an interval of 24 hours) or the control group.

Correction to: Age-specific reference values and cut-off points for anti-müllerian hormone in infertile women following a long agonist treatment protocol for IVF.

Unfortunately, the first author name was incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct name should read as follows.

Age-specific reference values and cut-off points for anti-müllerian hormone in infertile women following a long agonist treatment protocol for IVF.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to determining the reference value of anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) in infertile women and effect of AMH on different ovarian responses in the stratum of BMI categories.

Methods: Through a retrospective cohort study the information of 816 infertile patients referring to the referral infertility clinic of Mahdiyeh Hospital since the beginning of 2011 until the end of January 2016 were used. The normal-based method was undertaken to calculate age-specific AMH percentiles.

Factors related to unwanted pregnancies and abortion in the northern district of the city of Tehran, Iran.

The aim of this study was to investigate the levels and determinants of unwanted pregnancies and therapeutic and elective induced abortions in an Iranian sample of women. This study was conducted from the beginning of 2013 to the end of July 2013, using data from 950 women aged 15-45 years. To evaluate the relationship of independent variables to the number of unwanted pregnancies, a negative binomial regression model was used.

Risk Factors and Consequent Outcomes of Placenta Previa: Report From a Referral Center.

 Because of an unknown factor, the frequency of complicated pregnancy with placenta previa has been raised during past decade. This study was designed to deepen our understanding of risk factors and outcomes of placenta previa in our country. This study investigated 694 cases of placenta previa comparing with 600 healthy pregnant women with not overlie placenta in two referral and tertiary Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital in Iran on the basis of the clinical and para-clinical analysis, in order to find the probable risk factors for occurrence of placenta previa and its effect on maternal and neonatal complications.

Postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: beyond the traditional risk factors.

Objective: To investigate the slope of linear regression of postevacuation serum hCG as an independent risk factor for postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).

Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic referral health care centers.

Prediction of different ovarian responses using anti-Müllerian hormone following a long agonist treatment protocol for IVF.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to predict the poor and excessive ovarian response using anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels following a long agonist protocol in IVF candidates.

Research Design And Methods: Through a prospective cohort study, the type of relationship and appropriate scale for AMH were determined using the fractional polynomial regression. To determine the effect of AMH on the outcomes of ovarian stimulation and different ovarian responses, the multi-nominal and negative binomial regression models were fitted using backward stepwise method.

Investigating the effects of treatment based on single high blood glucose in gestational diabetes screening on maternal and neonatal complications.

Purpose: To create a positive step toward achieving an efficient method for gestational diabetes treatment, the present study was carried out to compare the treatment outcomes based on single impaired blood glucose versus regular method in health care centers in Iran.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial was carried out in Tehran/Iran between March 2012 and August 2013. Study sample consisted of mothers whose fasting blood sugar was disturbed or a disturbed blood sugar was seen in OGTT with 75 g glucose load, according to ADA standards.