Association of salivary mmp-8 gene polymorphism with its protein expression in oral submucous fibrosis patients.

OSF (Oral submucous fibrosis) is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues with the potential to progress into OSCC (Oral squamous cell carcinoma). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are endopeptidases that play a role in extracellular matrix remodeling and pathophysiology of various diseases. The study aims to evaluate the gene polymorphism and protein expression of MMP-8 and their association with the severity of OSF.

Use of Remote Regulatory Assessment (RRA) for Site Evaluations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The USFDA's Office of Study Integrity and Surveillance (OSIS) Perspective.

Travel restrictions during the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) public health emergency affected the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) ability to conduct on-site bioavailability/bioequivalence (BA/BE) and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) nonclinical inspections.

Monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension: the benefic effects of magnesium sulfate, Rosuvastatin and Sildenafil.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by several maladaptive mechanisms: endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, pathological remodeling of the pulmonary arterioles, and cellular hypoxia. These mechanisms all favor progressive pulmonary vasculopathy and progressive right ventricle (RV) dysfunction.

Aim: This study aims to characterize the experimental model of monocrotaline-induced PAH in rats.

The pertinence of resistin gene single nucleotide polymorphism G > A and its expression in oral cancer.

Background/aim: Oral cancer (OC) is the leading cause of fatalities in Pakistan among males due to inadequate oral hygiene and chewing habits. However, genetic susceptibility patterns also play a critical role in disease progression. Since the frequency of Resistin (RETN) SNP (Single nucleotide polymorphism) rs3219175 is unknown; there is a requirement for early diagnosis of the OC.

BRAF mutations and the association of V600E with CD133 and CDX2 expression in a Pakistani colorectal carcinoma cohort.

Background: Despite a high incidence of colorectal carcinoma, data regarding genetic aberrations in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) patients in Pakistan is scarce. This study aimed to determine the frequency of BRAFV600E mutations in colorectal carcinoma tissue in the Pakistani population and to associate BRAFV600E expression with CD133, a marker of colorectal stem cells, and CDX2 marker of differentiation.

Methods: Sanger Sequencing of exon 15 (426 bp) including the hotspot V600E was performed on formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CRC tissue samples of 115 patients.

Trends and disparities in cardiovascular deaths in systemic lupus erythematosus: A population-based retrospective study in the United States from 1999 to 2020.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze two decades of consecutive mortality data to investigate cardiovascular deaths in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) across the United States (US), identifying patterns and disparities in mortality rates.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using mortality data from the CDC WONDER database spanning 1999-2020. ICD-10 codes for diseases of circulatory system (I00-I99) and for SLE (M32) were used to identify cardiovascular-related deaths in SLE among adults aged 25 years and older at the time of death.

Clinical Characteristics and Cytogenetics of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Single Center in Pakistan.

This study aimed to find the association between clinical characteristics, cytogenetics, and post-induction outcomes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study was conducted at the Indus Hospital in Karachi. Initial total leukocyte count (TLC), cytogenetics, CNS status, and post-induction remission status were recorded.

Does Topical Capsaicin Affect the Central Nervous System in Neuropathic Pain? A Narrative Review.

Research has been conducted investigating the neuronal pathways responsible for the generation of chronic neuropathic pain, including the components of it in conditions such as chronic post-surgical pain, phantom limb pain, and cluster headaches. Forming part of the management of such conditions, capsaicin as a molecule has proven effective. This review has investigated the central nervous system modifications exhibited in such conditions and the pharmacological mechanisms of capsaicin relevant to this.

Photolysis of tolfenamic acid in aqueous and organic solvents: a kinetic study.

Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that was studied for its photodegradation in aqueous (pH 2.0-12.0) and organic solvents (acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol).

Exploring the experiences of content experts with item vetting during item bank development.

Objective: To explore content experts' experiences with item vetting during item bank development at a public sector medical university of Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Methods: An exploratory study was carried out from December 2022 to February 2023 at a public sector medical college of Rawalpindi. A purposive sampling technique was employed to collect data from all content experts of the study institute who participated in item vetting activity during pre-exam moderation in the university.

Endometrial Thickness as a Predictor of Endometrial Malignancy among the Women Presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common and frequent presenting complaint in Gynaecology in all age group especially in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The spectrum of AUB in women of our country includes a wide varieties of organic pathology. The objective of this study was to assess the role of endometrial thickness as a predictor of endometrial malignancy among the women presenting with AUB.

Effect of ABO blood group on the severity and clinico-pathological parameters of COVID-19.

Background And Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to understand the factors affecting disease severity. Prior research has indicated the potential roles of the ABO blood group system in disease susceptibility and progression. Our objective was to investigate the association between ABO Blood groups and the severity of COVID-19 and clinicopathological parameters.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Effects of in Experimental Acute Inflammation.

(PV) is one of the most commonly used nutraceuticals as it has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of PV and its in vivo antioxidant properties. A phytochemical analysis measuring the total phenolic content (TPC), the identification of phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD-ESI, and the evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity by the DPPH assay of the extract were performed.

Subphenotypes of self-reported symptoms and outcomes in long COVID: a prospective cohort study with latent class analysis.

Objective: To characterise subphenotypes of self-reported symptoms and outcomes (SRSOs) in postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study of subjects with PASC.

Setting: Academic tertiary centre from five clinical referral sources.

A Retrospective Follow-Up Study To Show The Effectiveness Of Booster Dose Of Foam Sclerotherapy Session At 3rd And 6th Months In Preventing The Recurrence Of Varicose Veins.

Background: Injection sclerotherapy administration is known to cause a decreased recurrence of varicose vein disease. This research aimed to investigate the recurrence of varicose vein disease after giving booster doses of injection sclerotherapy. The booster doses were given at 3rd and 6th months.

Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECS); a potential cell type for the hepatic disorders.

Objective: To isolate a homogenous population of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) from the amniotic membrane of the human placenta and differentiate them into hepatic-like cells with the help of small molecules.

Methods: hAECs were isolated by using the enzymatic digestion method and characterized for the presence of specific stem cell markers. In-vitro, hepatic differentiation of hAECs was carried out by using a combination of small molecules.

Investigating the Association between the Autophagy Markers LC3B, , and DRAM and Autophagy-Related Genes in Glioma.

High-grade gliomas are extremely fatal tumors, marked by severe hypoxia and therapeutic resistance. Autophagy is a cellular degradative process that can be activated by hypoxia, ultimately resulting in tumor advancement and chemo-resistance. Our study aimed to examine the link between autophagy markers' expression in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and high-grade gliomas (HGGs).

Riboflavin (vitamin B) sensitized photooxidation of ascorbic acid (vitamin C): A kinetic study.

Ascorbic acid (AH) photoxidation sensitized by riboflavin (RF) has been studied between pH 2.0 and 12.0 in ambient air and anaerobic environment using UV and visible irradiation sources.

Role of Alanine Transaminase and Transient Elastography in Categorising Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Subgroups.

Objective: To investigate the association of alanine transaminase (ALT) with transient elastography grades to define various nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) groups for disease status.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic, Ziauddin Hospital, from January to December 2022.

Role of Human Papilloma Virus 16/18 In Laryngeal Carcinoma with Correlation to the Expression of Cyclin D1, p53, p16 and EGFR.

Objective: To investigate the role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (16/18) in relation to the molecular genetic mechanisms of Cyclin D1, p53, p16, and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSSC).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 88 (Formalin-fixed Paraffin Embedded) FFPE laryngeal biopsies were done at Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Centre, Karachi from 2010 to 2019 with the application of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HPV 16/18and Immuno-histochemical staining for molecular genetic expression of proteins, Cyclin D1, p53, p16, and EGFR.

Results: Out of 88 cases of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSSC) there was female preponderance.

Role of Mifepristone in Trial of Labour after Previous Caesarean Delivery in Intrauterine Fetal Death.

When a baby dies in utero, the options are either to wait for spontaneous labour or to induce it. An obstetrician, encounters with a perplexity of choosing a management plan when this worst situation of IUFD coalesced by history of previous caesarean delivery. The ideal drug for the termination should not only be efficacious and cost-effective, but also be convenient enough to avoid operative interference arising from a wasted pregnancy.