Relationship of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil monocyte ratio with treatment response in pulmonary tuberculosis patients during intensive phase treatment.

Objective: To determine the relationship of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), and Neutrophil Monocyte Ratio (NMR) with treatment response in Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients during intensive phase treatment (IPT).

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases (OICD), Dow University of Health Sciences, from February to December 2021. 100 patients were enrolled using purposive sampling technique.

Obstructive sleep apnoea: Potential role of tumour necrosis factor alpha as a circulating biomarker.

Objective: To assess the relationship of tumour necrosis factor-alpha with obstructive sleep apnoea and its severity in Pakistani population.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sleep Laboratory of Dow University Hospital, Karachi, from December, 2018, to March, 2020, and comprised patients of either gender having symptoms of snoring, witnessed apnoea or daytime sleepiness. They were divided into four groups on the basis of obstructive sleep apnoea status.

Mutational Frequencies in Mycobacterial gene using GeneXpert/MTB Rif Assay in Rifampicin Resistant patients at a tertiary care setting in Urban Sindh, Pakistan: Analysis from a Five-Year Period.

Objectives: To assess the mutational frequencies in Mycobacterial gene using GeneXpert/MTB Rif Assay in rifampicin resistant patients during 2013-2017 at a tertiary care setting in Urban Sindh, Pakistan.

Methods: This Retrospective Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study was conducted at the TB laboratories, Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Dow University of Health Sciences. The record of 713 positive cases of Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis from January 2013 to December 2017 were analysed.

Etiology, Clinical, Radiological, and Microbiological Profile of Patients with Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan.

Objectives To identify the etiology of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB), to assess the clinical presentation, radiological findings, and microbiological profile of patients presenting with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis in a tertiary care center of Pakistan. Methods This was a prospective observational cohort study where patients with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis proven by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were evaluated for etiology, clinical characteristics, microbiology, radiology, spirometric profile, and in-hospital outcomes. Results During the study period, 196 patients were diagnosed with NCFB.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF in Sputum Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Introduction Tuberculosis is a major health problem in Pakistan. The prevalence of pulmonary as well as extrapulmonary tuberculosis is quite high. Tuberculin skin test, radiological imaging, and sputum smear microscopy have limitations in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.