Study of trioleoylglycerol two-layer and adiposome cross-section mimicking four-layer systems through atomic-level simulations.

Adiposomes are artificially prepared lipid droplet (LD)-mimetic structures, which, unlike LDs, do not harbor proteins. The dynamics of interaction between triacylglycerols (TAGs), drug molecule, and phospholipids in adiposomes is currently not well-established. Trioleoylglycerol (TOG) molecule was divided into three parts: two oleoyl tails and one 2-monooleoylglycerol (MOG).

Comparative proteomics reveals that lipid droplet-anchored mitochondria are more sensitive to cold in brown adipocytes.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for uncoupled heat production through mitochondrion fueled majorly from fatty acids (FAs) of lipid droplets (LDs). How the interaction between the two organelles contributes the generation of heat remains elusive. Here, we report that LD-anchored mitochondria (LDAM) were observed in the BAT of mice raised at three different temperatures, 30 °C, 23 °C, and 6 °C.

Rab18 binds PLIN2 and ACSL3 to mediate lipid droplet dynamics.

Lipid droplet (LD) is a vital organelle governing lipid homeostasis and Rab18 has been linked to lipid metabolism. However, the mechanisms of Rab18-mediated LD dynamics in myoblast cells remain elusive. Here, we report that Rab18 plays an important role in oleic acid (OA)-induced LD accumulation in mouse myoblast C2C12 cells.

Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family proteins on lipid droplets through bacteria, C. elegans, and mammals.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are the main fat storing sites in almost all species from bacteria to humans. The perilipin family has been found as LD proteins in mammals, Drosophila, and a couple of slime molds, but no bacterial LD proteins containing sequence conservation were identified. In this study, we reported that the hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) family was found on LDs across all organisms by LD proteomic analysis.

Identification of small ORF-encoded peptides in mouse serum.

Identification of the coding elements in the genome is fundamental to interpret the development of living systems and species diversity. Small peptides (length < 100 amino acids) have played an important role in regulating the biological metabolism, but their identification has been limited by their size and abundance. Serum is the most important body fluid and is full of small peptides.

Current Therapeutic Molecules and Targets in Neurodegenerative Diseases Based on in silico Drug Design.

Background: As the number of elderly persons increases, neurodegenerative diseases are becoming ubiquitous. There is currently a great need for knowledge concerning management of oldage neurodegenerative diseases; the most important of which are: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington's disease.

Objective: To summarize the potential of computationally predicted molecules and targets against neurodegenerative diseases.

Structural dynamics and inhibitor searching for Wnt-4 protein using comparative computational studies.

Wnt-4 (wingless mouse mammary tumor virus integration site-4) protein is involved in many crucial embryonic pathways regulating essential processes. Aberrant Wnt-4 activity causes various anomalies leading to gastric, colon, or breast cancer. Wnt-4 is a conserved protein in structure and sequence.

Glycyrrhetinic acid and E.resveratroloside act as potential plant derived compounds against dopamine receptor D3 for Parkinson's disease: a pharmacoinformatics study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by loss in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and is ranked as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Dopamine receptor D3 is considered as a potential target in drug development against PD because of its lesser side effects and higher degree of neuro-protection. One of the prominent therapies currently available for PD is the use of dopamine agonists which mimic the natural action of dopamine in the brain and stimulate dopamine receptors directly.