Analysis of the transport of and cytotoxic effects for nalbuphine solution in corneal cells.

Objective: To assess the in vitro effects of various nalbuphine concentrations on viability and wound healing ability of corneal cells and potential drug transport through the corneal epithelium.

Sample: Cultured canine and human corneal epithelial cells (CECs) and cultured canine corneal stromal fibroblasts.

Procedures: CECs and stromal fibroblasts were exposed to nalbuphine (concentration of solutions ranged from 0% to 1.

iTRAQ quantitative proteomics in the analysis of tears in dry eye patients.

Purpose: We analyzed the change in protein expression of tear film proteins in dry eye (DE) and non-DE (NDE) patients using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technology.

Methods: We categorized 24 participants into NDE, and mild (MDE), moderate-to-severe (MSDE), and mixed (MXDE) DE on the basis of clinical DE tests. Tear samples (n = 6 subjects/group) were collected using Schirmer's strips.

Examination of human meibum collection and extraction techniques.

Purpose: To compare various meibum collection methods and extraction techniques.

Methods: Sixty subjects, all successful contact lens wearers, were seen on two visits. Meibum was collected from the lower lid of the right eye with a glass microcapillary tube, and with a Dacron swab, cytology microbrush, or spatula from the left eye.

The effect of phosphorylated Akt inhibition on posterior capsule opacification in an ex vivo canine model.

Purpose: To evaluate whether inhibition of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) would reduce or prevent posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in an ex vivo canine lens capsule model.

Methods: Normal and cataractous lenses (n=6) were evaluated for pAkt via immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Primary cultures of lens epithelial cells (LEC) were exposed to ultraviolet light (UV) to induce pAkt.

Evaluation of extractants and precipitants in tear film proteomic analyses.

Purpose: To determine the efficiency of several protein extraction or precipitation treatments used in proteomic analyses.

Methods: Tear samples were taken from each eye of 40 normal subjects using glass microcapillaries. Tear volume was measured followed by storage at -86°C.

In vitro lipid deposition on hydrogel and silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

Purpose: To understand various soft contact lens materials' ability to adsorb common tear lipids.

Methods: Ten unworn polymers of nine types were individually soaked in 1.0 mL of 1.

Enzymatic quantification of cholesterol and cholesterol esters from silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to develop an enzymatic method of quantification of cholesterol and cholesterol esters derived from contact lenses, both in vitro and ex vivo.

Methods: Lotrafilcon B (O2 Optix; CIBA Vision, Inc., Duluth, GA) and galyfilcon A (Acuvue Advance; Vistakon, Inc.

Transformation of inorganic and organic arsenic by Alkaliphilus oremlandii sp. nov. strain OhILAs.

Alkaliphilus oremlandii sp. nov. strain OhILAs is a mesophilic, spore-forming, motile, low mole%GC gram positive.

A possible role of cytokinin in mediating long-distance nitrogen signaling in the promotion of sylleptic branching in hybrid poplar.

Nitrogen fertilization of roots enhances shoot growth in plants and cytokinins are known to initiate bud outgrowth in shoots. Is it possible that root-derived cytokinins may play a role in long-distance signaling for nitrogen availability in the promotion of sylleptic branching in hybrid poplar? Nitrogen fertilization in the form of 5 mM NH4NO3, KNO3 or NH4Cl was applied to roots of three hybrid poplar clones exhibiting contrasting degrees of sylleptic branching. Cytokinin (0.