Adolescent menstrual cycle pattern, body mass index, endocrine and ovarian ultrasound characteristics of PCOS and future fertility, cardiovascular-, and metabolic health: a 25-year longitudinal follow-up study.

Study Question: What is the predictive value of oligomenorrhea and other PCOS diagnostic characteristics in adolescence (age 15-18 years) for future fertility and cardiovascular and metabolic health at adult age?

Summary Answer: Adolescents with oligomenorrhea are more often treated to conceive but are as likely to have as much children as those with regular periods, while persisting oligomenorrhea may associate more often with cardiovascular or metabolic problems.

What Is Known Already: Adolescents with oligomenorrhea have a high risk for adult PCOS associated with subfertility due to ovulatory disorders and long-term health risks. Longitudinal studies to estimate the extent of these risks with input starting at adolescence and covering the complete reproductive lifespan are lacking.

Endometrial thickness assessed by transvaginal ultrasound in transmasculine people taking testosterone compared with cisgender women.

Research Question: What is the endometrial thickness of endometrium exposed to testosterone in transmasculine people compared with unexposed endometrium in cisgender women as determined by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU)?

Design: Single centre, cross-sectional cohort study conducted the Centre of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria in Amsterdam. Between 2013 and 2015, transmasculine people scheduled for gender affirming surgery (GAS) were included in this study after they provided informed consent. They were undergoing gender affirming hormone therapy (testosterone) for at least 1 year.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in Adolescence in Relation to Long-term Follow-up for Presence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) measured in adolescence as biomarker for prediction of adult polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is doubtful but not substantiated.

Objective: To investigate whether serum AMH levels and other PCOS-associated features in adolescence can predict the presence of PCOS in adulthood.

Design And Setting: A long-term follow-up study based on a unique adolescent study on menstrual irregularities performed between 1990 and 1997.

Effects of long-term exogenous testosterone administration on ovarian morphology, determined by transvaginal (3D) ultrasound in female-to-male transsexuals.

Study Question: Does long-term exogenous testosterone administration result in polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), determined by (3D) transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) in female-to-male transsexuals (FtMs).

Summary Answer: Long-term exogenous testosterone administration in FtMs does not result in PCOM determined by (3D) TVU.

What Is Known Already: The role of androgens in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is still unclear.

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation in female-to-male transgender people: insights into ovarian histology and physiology after prolonged androgen treatment.

Female-to-male transgender people (trans men) are faced with the risk of losing their reproductive potential owing to gender-affirming hormone treatment and genital reconstructive surgery. This observational, prospective cohort study investigates the effect of prolonged androgen therapy on their ovarian histology and fertility preservation perspectives. Hormone serum levels, ovarian histology and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) of 40 trans men were analysed at the moment of hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy in the context of genital reconstructive surgery after testosterone treatment (58.

Embryo Transfer with Controlled Injection Speed to Increase Pregnancy Rates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background/aims: Catheter injection speed affects depth and placement of the embryo into the uterine cavity and is shown to be highly variable in, and between, subjects in a manually performed embryo transfer. In an effort to standardize the injection speed during embryo transfer, we developed an automated transfer pump: the pump-regulated embryo transfer (PRET) device. In this randomized controlled trial, we aimed to investigate if standardization of the injection speed and pressure with this PRET results in a better controlled positioning of the transferred embryo(s).

Mass spectrometry methods measured androgen and estrogen concentrations during pregnancy and in newborns of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Little is known about the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some suggest that elevated maternal androgens during gestation play a causative role. This implies placental passage of androgens during pregnancy.

Mid-pregnancy, perinatal, and neonatal reproductive endocrinology: a prospective cohort study in twins and singleton control subjects.

Objective: To answer the questions: Are perinatal reproductive hormone profiles different in case of a twin compared with a singleton pregnancy? Are reproductive endocrine profiles of twin girls influenced by their male co-twin and vice versa?

Design: Prospective cohort study from January 2004 to October 2009.

Setting: Not applicable.

Patient(s): A total of 204 mothers of twins and 248 singleton control subjects, aged >18 years, pregnant with a twin or singleton and no endocrine disease or malignancy.

Antimüllerian hormone levels decrease in female-to-male transsexuals using testosterone as cross-sex therapy.

Objective: To investigate the effect of hormonal androgenic treatment on antimüllerian hormone (AMH) serum levels in female-to-male (FtM) transsexuals. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with elevated AMH levels. Some hypothesize that the high AMH level is a consequence of androgen-induced excessive development of small antral follicles.