Inanimate 3D printed model for thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula.

Background: Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) poses significant technical challenges. This study aimed to develop an inexpensive, reusable, high-fidelity synthetic tissue model for simulating EA/TEF repairs and to assess the validity of the simulator.

Methods: By using 3D printing and silicone casting, we designed an inexpensive and reusable inanimate model for training in thoracoscopic EA/TEF repair.