Bare carbon electrodes as simple and efficient sensors for the quantification of caffeine in commercial beverages.

Food quality control is a mandatory task in the food industry and relies on the availability of simple, cost-effective and stable sensing platforms. In the present work, the applicability of bare glassy carbon electrodes for routine analysis of food samples was evaluated as a valid alternative to chromatographic techniques, using caffeine as test analyte. A number of experimental parameters were optimized and a differential pulse voltammetry was applied for quantification experiments.

Rapid sucrose monitoring in green coffee samples using multienzymatic biosensor.

Amperometric biosensor utilizing FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) for a specific sucrose monitoring in green coffee is described. FAD-GDH was co-immobilized with invertase and mutarotase on a thin-layer gold planar electrode using chitosan. The biosensor showed a wide linearity (from 10 to 1200 μM), low detection limit (8.

Monitoring of PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase substrate specificity for its potential use in biocatalysis and bioanalysis.

Substrate specificity of 2,7,9-tricarboxypyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase was investigated in biosensor arrangement for understanding the suitability and the limitations of its use in bioanalysis and bioproduction of chemicals. The study demonstrated a very broad substrate specificity of biosensor utilising soluble form of PQQ-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. Nineteen saccharides out of 31 were oxidised by the sensor.

Monitoring of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, ethanol and glycerol during wort fermentation by biosensors, HPLC and spectrophotometry.

The aim of the present study was to analyze sugar levels (namely maltose, maltotriose, glucose and fructose) and alcohols (ethanol and glycerol) during the fermentation process in wort samples by amperometric enzymatic biosensors developed by our research group for industrial application, HPLC and spectrophotometry, and to compare the suitability of the presented methods for determination of individual analytes. We can conclude that for the specific monitoring of maltose or maltotriose only the HPLC method was suitable. On the other hand, biosensors and spectrophotometry reflected a decrease in total sugar concentration better and were able to detect both glucose and fructose in the later stages of fermentation, while HPLC was not.

Amperometric glucose biosensor utilizing FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase immobilized on nanocomposite electrode.

Amperometric glucose biosensors utilizing commercially available FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenases from two strains of Aspergillus species are described. Enzymes were immobilized on nanocomposite electrode consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by entrapment between chitosan layers. Unlike the common glucose oxidase based biosensor, the presented biosensors appeared to be O(2)-independent.

Application of electrochemical biosensors in clinical diagnosis.

Analyses in the clinical area need quick and reliable analytical methods and devices. For this purpose, biosensors can be a suitable option, whereas they are constructed to be simple for use, specific for the target analyte, capable of continuous monitoring and giving quick results, potentially low-costing and portable. In this article, we describe electrochemical biosensors developed for clinical diagnosis, namely for glucose, lactate, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, DNA, antigens, antibodies, and cancer markers assays.

Multienzymatic amperometric biosensor based on gold and nanocomposite planar electrodes for glycerol determination in wine.

Amperometric biosensors based on gold planar or nanocomposite electrode containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes for determination of glycerol were developed. The biosensors were constructed by immobilization of a novel multienzyme cascade consisting of glycerol kinase/creatine kinase/creatinase/sarcosine oxidase/peroxidase between a chitosan "sandwich." A measuring buffer contained adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), creatine phosphate, and an artificial electrochemical mediator ferrocyanide.