Initial characterization of human DHRS1 (SDR19C1), a member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily.

Many enzymes from the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily (SDR) have already been well characterized, particularly those that participate in crucial biochemical reactions in the human body (e.g. 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 or carbonyl reductase 1).

Human dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 8 (DHRS8): a description and evaluation of its biochemical properties.

Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 8 (DHRS8, SDR16C2) belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily, one of the largest enzyme groups. In addition to the well-known members which participate in the metabolism of important eobiotics and xenobiotics, this superfamily contains many poorly characterized proteins. DHRS8 is a member of the Multisubstrate NADP(H)-dependent SDR16C family, which generally contains insufficiently described enzymes.

Human DHRS7, promising enzyme in metabolism of steroids and retinoids?

The metabolism of steroids and retinoids has been studied in detail for a long time, as these compounds are involved in a broad spectrum of physiological processes. Many enzymes participating in the conversion of such compounds are members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily. Despite great effort, there still remain a number of poorly characterized SDR proteins.

Molecular and biochemical characterisation of human short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase member 3 (DHRS3).

Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 3 (DHRS3), also known as retinal short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (retSDR1) is a member of SDR16C family. This family is thought to be NADP(H) dependent and to have multiple substrates; however, to date, only all-trans-retinal has been identified as a DHRS3 substrate. The reductive reaction catalysed by DHRS3 seems to be physiological, and recent studies proved the importance of DHRS3 for maintaining suitable retinoic acid levels during embryonic development in vivo.

[The application of X-ray imaging in forensic medicine].

X-ray is the most common, basic and essential imaging method used in forensic medicine. It serves to display and localize the foreign objects in the body and helps to detect various traumatic and pathological changes. X-ray imaging is valuable in anthropological assessment of an individual.

What is the appropriate approach in sex determination of hyoid bones?

The hyoid bone is characterized by sexually dimorphic features, enabling it to occasionally be used in the sex determination aspect of establishing the biological profile in skeletal remains. Based on a sample of 298 fused and non-fused hyoid bones, the present paper compares several methodological approaches to sexing human hyoid bones in order to test the legitimacy of osteometrics-based linear discriminant equations and to explore the potentials of symbolic regression and methods of geometric morphometrics. In addition, two sets of published predictive models, one of which originated in an indigenous population, were validated on the studied sample.

Circular saw-associated fatality mimicking gunshot injury.

A 61-year-old man was found dead in the yard of his house with penetrating injury of the trunk. Initial examination of the body revealed a single penetrating injury on his chest with a collar abrasion-the injury pattern that is similar to a gunshot entry wound or shored exit wound. According to witnesses, the man had cut wooden frames from old windows with a circular saw.

A fatal elephant attack.

A rare case of an elephant attack is presented. A 44-year-old man working as an elephant keeper was attacked by a cow elephant when he tripped over a foot chain while the animal was being medically treated. The man fell down and was consequently repeatedly attacked with elephant tusks.

Reconstruction of devastating head injuries: a useful method in forensic pathology.

Crushing head injuries usually do not allow direct visual identification of individuals, and above all, it constitutes an obstacle to comprehensive evaluation of discrete traumatic changes of the skin and soft tissues. We present our experience with the plastic adaptation of devastating head injuries in the two exemplary cases. The principal of the reconstruction is manual repositioning of bone fragments of the cranial and facial parts of the skull and careful approximation of the wound edges and their gradual suture using suture material.