Assessment of biotoxicity of Cu nanoparticles with respect to probiotic strains of microorganisms and representatives of the normal flora of the intestine of broiler chickens.

Copper nanoparticle Cu (d = 55 ± 15 nm) and CuO nanoparticles (d = 90 ± 10 nm) were used in the studies (OOO Platina, Russia). Using the method of pure cultures, we extracted Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Enterobacterium from the intestines of broilers. Additionally, strains of Bacillus subtilis 10641 and Bifidobacterium were involved in probiotic strains.

Effect of probiotics on the basis of Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacterium longum on the biochemical parameters of the animal organism.

For the purpose of safe modulation of the intestinal microflora, probiotics have been increasingly used in recent years. In the present work, the effect of the probiotic sporobacterin (Bacillus subtilis 534) (I group) and soybean-bifidum (Bifidobacterium longum) (II group) on male rats of the Wistar line was evaluated. In assessing nonspecific immunity in vitro, there was an increase in the level of baseline level in the first and second groups (by 8.

[Physiological significance and normative parameters of rate adaptation of QT-interval during holter monitoring in healthy persons of young age].

Aim of the investigation consisted in to study parameters of " QT-dynamics " in healthy children and adolescents. We examined 26 children aged 7 - 17 years (mean 11,6 +/- 7 years) - 7 girls (9,3 +/- 2,3 years) and 19 boys (12,5 +/- 3,6 years). Holter monitoring with manual and automatic estimation of QT and QTc intervals.

Activity of antioxidant enzymes in the skin during surgical wounds.

Full-thickness skin wounds (460 mm(2)) in rats were associated with increased blood chemiluminescence and neutrophil infiltration of the wound tissue and surrounding skin (recorded by myeloperoxidase activity). Activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in the skin and wound tissue increased on days 4 and 8. A correlation was revealed between activities of these enzymes and myeloperoxidase activity.

Effect of endotoxemia on skin antioxidant enzymes under experimental conditions.

Intraperitoneal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in a dose of 1 mg/kg was followed by prestimulation of whole blood leukocytes in rats. Activities of peroxide- and lipoperoxide-utilizing antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and catalase increased 1 day after lipopolysaccharide administration, while the content of malonic dialdehyde in the skin remained unchanged.

[The value of ambulatory care in preventing and reducing invalidism due to eye pathology].

The role and significance of dispensarization in solution of the problem of prevention and reduction of invalidity due to eye pathology are discussed. The analysis of epidemiologic and clinical data has revealed contingents with the highest factors of risk of invalidization requiring immediate dispensarization. Shortcomings and tasks of dispensarization of certain organized contingents are elucidated, of them pupils of schools for blind and poor-sighted children and invalids working at enterprises of societies of the blind.

[Human blood glutamic acid in exposure to elevated ammonia levels in the gaseous environment].

Amino acid metabolism of men kept in a enclosed environment was investigated. A high concentration of ammonia produced a specific redistribution of free amino acids in plasma with the content of glutamic acid increasing by the end of study. The estimates of glutamic acid in blood can be used for assessing maximally allowable concentrations of ammonia in enclosed environments.

[Effects of diets including an active vitamin D 3 metabolite and different contents of calcium and phosphorus on the state of blood free amino acids in hypokinetic rats].

Some aspects of amino acid metabolism in rats exposed to 30 days of hypokinesia were explored. The animals were placed on the diets with varying Ca/P ratio, containing 24, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (24, 25 (OH)2)D3, an active vitamin D3 metabolite. It was demonstrated that high consumption of phosphorus brought about an appreciable reduction in the blood amino acid pool, thus aggravating the body response characteristic for hypokinesia.

[Effect of limited motor activity on the alanine level of human blood plasma].

The plasma alanine concentration was measured in 28 healthy male test subjects exposed to head-down tilt of various duration (2-hour exposure at-12 degrees, 7-day exposure at-6 degrees, 49-day exposure at-4 degrees, and 120-day exposure at-4 degrees). Head-down tilt led to alanine changes that correlated with exposure time. These results suggest that alanine concentrations in blood reflect to a certain extent the rate of hepatic gluconeogenesis and depend significantly on the hypokinetic time.

[Various aspects of amino acid metabolism in humans exposed to 120-day anti-orthostatic hypokinesia].

The free amino acid pool of blood of man exposed to 120-day head-down tilt (at -4 degrees) was examined. Beginning with bed rest day 28 and till the end of the study, the amino acid pool increased. The increase involved most free amino acids which was produced by a decline of anabolic and stimulation of catabolic processes during hypokinesia.

[Human amino acid metabolism during combined short-term exposure to head-down tilt hypokinesia and ultraviolet irradiation].

Changes in the amino acid pool in the plasma of test subjects exposed to short-term head-down tilt combined with ultraviolet irradiation were investigated. Exposure to head-down tilt alone (Group 1 of 3 test subjects) and combined with ultraviolet irradiation (10 sessions) (Groups 2 and 3 of 3 test subjects each) acted as a stress-agent that diminished the amino acid pool. Exposure to 2-hour head-down tilt in combination with 20 UV-irradiations (Groups 2 and 3) increased the amino acid pool as a result of inhibition of anabolic and stimulation of catabolic processes.

[Amino acid composition of human blood serum during immersion hypokinesia].

The content of free amino acids was measured in the blood serum of 6 male test subjects exposed to 7-day immersion. During the study the concentration of amino acids decreased in a different manner typical of a stress-effect. The results obtained can be used to develop a system of prevention and therapy of amino acid unbalance.

[Free amino acids of blood plasma in astronauts during pre-flight training].

Taking into consideration metabolic specificities of cosmonauts, the data on their amino acid composition during preflight training were summarized. Seasonal variations produced no effect on the content of free amino acids of plasma. The analysis yielded a physiological norm for this population which can be used to identify more reliably changes in the amino acid composition of plasma after space flight.

[Effect of hypokinesia on amino acid metabolism in rats on diets containing different amounts of calcium and phosphorus].

The effect of hypokinesia on amino acid metabolism was studied in rats kept on diets with different ratios of calcium and phosphorus. It was shown that excessive phosphorus in the diet led to a significant decrease of the amino acid pool, thus aggravating the hypokinetic effect.

[Free amino acids in the blood before and after short-term space flight].

The amino acid composition of plasma and serum of the crewmembers who performed short-term space flights (of 3 to 14 days) onboard the Salyut-6 orbital station was investigated. Immediately postflight total amino acids remained unchanged while variations in isolated amino acids (tendency toward increased aspartic acid and decreased cysteine in plasma, and increased leucin in serum) were adaptive.

[Effect of long space flights on amino acid metabolism].

The amino acid composition of the plasma and serum of Salyut-6 crewmembers who performed flights of different duration was investigated. The parameter was found to vary depending on the flight time and use of different countermeasures. The 75- and 185-day cosmonauts who did not exercise in a full measure showed a decrease in the amino acid pool typical of emergency situations.

[Amino acid composition of the rat quadriceps femoris muscle after a flight on the Kosmos-936 biosatellite].

The amino acid composition of the quadriceps muscle of rats flown onboard the biosatellite Cosmos-936 and exposed to the ground-based synchronous control experiment was studied. The weightless rats showed changes in the amino acid concentration in the quadriceps muscle. The centrifuged flight and synchronous rats displayed an accumulation of free amino acids in the above muscle.

[Amino acid composition of the body of rats after a flight on the Kosmos-1129 biosatellite].

The paper presents data concerning the amino acid pool of rats flown on board Cosmos-1129 and exposed to the ground-based synchronous experiment. Certain changes in the amino acid pool of flight and synchronous rats have been found. The changes seem to be associated with the selective rate of incorporation of free amino acids into the biosynthetic processes during acute adaptation and with alterations in the protein synthesis rate.

Studies of amino acid metabolism in the muscles of rats flown aboard the biosatellite Cosmos 782.

Space flight induced an increase in the content of free isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and valine and a decrease of free threonine and glycine in the quadriceps muscle of the rat. The content of the individual free amino acids returned to their control values by the 25th postflight day. The total content of free amino acids remained unaltered from the control values.

[Dynamics of plasma free amino acid levels in humans during antiorthostatic hypokinesia].

The amino acid composition of plasma was investigated in 8 healthy male test subjects during 49-day head-down bed rest. The concentration of most free amino acids in plasma increased significantly. The content of urea and taurine in plasma also grew.

[Effect of space flight and of the accompanying radiation on amino acid metabolism in the skeletal muscle of rats].

It was demonstrated that a combined effect of 20.5-day space flight and gamma-irradiation reduced the content of biologically important amino acids (methionine, phenylalanine, serine, aspartic and glutamic acids) and inhibited the activity of aspartate aminotransferase of sarcoplasmatic proteins in the quadriceps muscle of rats. Comparison of these data with the Cosmos-605 results and literature reports suggested that gamma-irradiation inhibited the synthetic processes in the skeletal muscle.