Pseudocyclic Arylbenziodoxaboroles as Water-Triggered Aryne Precursors in Reactions with Organic Sulfides.

Pseudocyclic arylbenziodoxaboroles are unique aryne precursors under neutral aqueous conditions that selectively react with organic sulfides, forming the corresponding sulfonium salts. This reaction is compatible with various substituents (alkyl, halogen, CN, NO, CHO, and cyclopropyl) in the aromatic ring or alkyl group of the sulfide. Similar reactions of sulfoxides afford -hydroxy-substituted sulfonium salts.

Preparation and X-ray Structural Study of Dibenzobromolium and Dibenzochlorolium Derivatives.

Various five-membered cyclic dibenzobromolium salts (dibenzo[,]bromol-5-ium chloride, nitrate, hydrogen sulfate, dihydrogen phosphate, trifluoroacetate, and tetrafluoroborate) were prepared by diazotization-cyclization of 2'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-amine in solution of appropriate acids. The chlorolium analogues (iodide, trifluoroacetate, and tetrafluoroborate) were obtained by a similar procedure. Additional dibenzohalolium derivatives (dibenzo[,]bromol-5-ium and dibenzo[,]chlorol-5-ium azides, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imidates, thiocyanates, and trifluoromethanesulfonates) were prepared by anion exchange.

The effective use of adaptogens of various origins on the cattle productivity.

Background: In conditions of industrial animal husbandry, it is necessary to pay attention to the immune system, which regulates metabolic processes in the body of animals. To do this, additives with adaptive properties attract attention.

Aim: The aim is to define a way to increase productivity using adaptogens of plant and animal origin in feeding cattle.

Aryl-, Akynyl-, and Alkenylbenziodoxoles: Synthesis and Synthetic Applications.

Hypervalent iodine reagents are in high current demand due to their exceptional reactivity in oxidative transformations, as well as in diverse umpolung functionalization reactions. Cyclic hypervalent iodine compounds, known under the general name of benziodoxoles, possess improved thermal stability and synthetic versatility in comparison with their acyclic analogs. Aryl-, alkenyl-, and alkynylbenziodoxoles have recently received wide synthetic applications as efficient reagents for direct arylation, alkenylation, and alkynylation under mild reaction conditions, including transition metal-free conditions as well as photoredox and transition metal catalysis.

Efficient Catalytic Synthesis of Condensed Isoxazole Derivatives via Intramolecular Oxidative Cycloaddition of Aldoximes.

The intramolecular oxidative cycloaddition reaction of alkyne- or alkene-tethered aldoximes was catalyzed efficiently by hypervalent iodine(III) species to afford the corresponding polycyclic isoxazole derivatives in up to a 94% yield. The structure of the prepared products was confirmed by various methods, including X-ray crystallography. Mechanistic study demonstrated the crucial role of hydroxy(aryl)iodonium tosylate as a precatalyst, which is generated from 2-iodobenzoic acid and -chloroperoxybenzoic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of -toluenesulfonic acid.

The effect of an energy additive on the metabolism of cattle.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an energy additive on the metabolism of cattle. This article provides information on the analysis of the diet of young cattle calculated for when the animals were both indoors and outdoors. The ration was prepared for 40 heifers, divided into 4 groups consisting of 10 animals in each group.

Efficiency of high-carbohydrate fodder in the diets of Holstein cows.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the efficiency of carbohydrate-enriched rations fed to pasture and stall-housed cows.

Materials And Methods: Forty Holstein cows were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. The experiment lasted 305 days.

The representation of ionospheric potential in the global chemistry-climate model SOCOL.

In this paper, we present the first results of the ionospheric potential (IP) calculations with the chemistry-climate model (CCM) SOCOL (Solar Climate Ozone Links). For the study, we exploit a parameterization of the difference in electric potential between Earth's surface and lower boundary of the ionosphere as a function of thunderstorm and electrified cloud properties. The model shows a good enough agreement with the IP obtained by balloon soundings.

Novel intronic variant in PALB2 gene and effective prevention of Fanconi anemia in family.

Despite the acceptance of NextGen sequencing as a diagnostic modality suitable for probands and carriers of Mendelian diseases, its efficiency in identifying causal mutations is limited by both technical aspects of variant call algorithms and by imperfect, consensus-based criteria for assessing the pathogenicity of the findings. Here we describe the medical history of the family with a child born with Fanconi anemia. In this case, typical diagnostic routines were complicated by unusual combination of mutations.

Spectra of high energy electron precipitation and atmospheric ionization rates retrieval from balloon measurements.

The bremsstrahlung from high and relativistic energy electron precipitation (HEEP) measured with balloon based instruments provides information on energy spectra and fluence of the precipitating energetic electrons allowing calculations of the atmospheric ionization. HEEP from the outer radiation belt at the subauroral region causes an increase in the ionization rates down to about 20 km altitudes. We study the variability in the ionization rate using the balloon observations of secondary bremsstrahlung initiated by HEEP.

Preparation and X-ray structure of 2-iodoxybenzenesulfonic acid (IBS) - a powerful hypervalent iodine(V) oxidant.

The selective preparation of 2-iodoxybenzenesulfonic acid (IBS, as potassium or sodium salts) by oxidation of sodium 2-iodobenzenesulfonate with Oxone or sodium periodate in water is reported. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a complex polymeric structure consisting of three units of IBS as potassium salt and one unit of 2-iodoxybenzenesulfonic acid linked together by relatively strong I=O···I intermolecular interactions. Furthermore, a new method for the preparation of the reduced form of IBS, 2-iodosylbenzenesulfonic acid, by using periodic acid as an oxidant, has been developed.

Predictors of Intrathoracic Injury after Blunt Torso Trauma in Children Presenting to an Emergency Department as Trauma Activations.

Background: Thoracic injuries are a major cause of death associated with blunt trauma in children. Screening for injury with chest x-ray study, compared with chest computed tomography (CT) scan, has been controversial, weighing the benefits of specificity with the detriment of radiation exposure.

Objective: To identify predictors of thoracic injury in children presenting as trauma activations to a Level I trauma center after blunt torso trauma, and to compare these predictors with those previously reported in the literature.

[Plaque radiotherapy for anterior uveal melanomas].

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of plaque radiation therapy for anterior uveal melanomas and to evaluate the risk and frequency of complications at different time intervals after the treatment.

Material And Methods: During 2010-2013 a total of 30 patients (10 male, 20 female) aged 11-73 (50 years on the average) with iris or iridociliary melanomas were treated with Ru-106 and Sr-90 ophthalmic plaques. In 8 patients the brachytherapy was preceded by local tumor excision.

[An experience of the use of stents with drug coating in patients with long and diffuse coronary artery lesions].

Treatment of long and diffuse lesions of coronary arteries remains one of most complicated sections of endovascular treatment. From 2003 to 2005 treatment with the use of stents with drug coating was conducted in 198 patients with long and diffuse coronary artery lesions. This made up 26% of total number of patients subjected to percutaneous coronary intervention during this time.

Microphysical aerosol parameters from multiwavelength lidar.

The hybrid regularization technique developed at the Institute of Mathematics of Potsdam University (IMP) is used to derive microphysical properties such as effective radius, surface-area concentration, and volume concentration, as well as the single-scattering albedo and a mean complex refractive index, from multiwavelength lidar measurements. We present the continuation of investigations of the IMP method. Theoretical studies of the degree of ill-posedness of the underlying model, simulation results with respect to the analysis of the retrieval error of microphysical particle properties from multiwavelength lidar data, and a comparison of results for different numbers of backscatter and extinction coefficients are presented.

[Assessment of antianginal and antiischemic effect of trimetazidine and its effects on myocardial perfusion in patients with ischemic heart disease and stable angina.].

Aim: To assess antianginal and antiischemic effects of trimetazidine and its action on myocardial perfusion in patients with ischemic heart disease and stable angina.

Material: Open trimetazidine was given for 3 months to 53 nitroglycerine and beta-blocker treated men aged 47-69 (mean age 60.2+/-0.

[Immediate and Remote Results of Endovascular Recanalization of Chronic Coronary Artery Occlusions].

We compared early and long-term follow-up results of balloon angioplasty and stenting of chronic coronary occlusions. The initial success rate was 75% (82 of 109 patients). Proportion of patients free of angina was 57 and 69% after successful balloon angioplasty and stenting, respectively.

[X-ray morphology of coronary arteries in patients with arterial hypertension in late periods after endovascular treatment].

An association of arterial hypertension (AH) and late angiographic outcomes of endovascular interventions was studied in coronary heart disease. Forty two patients with or without AH underwent repeated coronary angiography within 2 months after the procedure. The total number of restenoses was found to be significantly greater in patients with AH than in those without it.

[Long-term assessment of clinical parameters in patients with coronary heart disease after balloon angioplasty and stenting balloon angioplasty].

The aim of this study was to assess clinical parameters in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the late period after balloon coronary angioplasty (BCA) and intracoronary stenting (ICS). The study included 104 patients who underwent repeated coronary angiography (CA) 2-10 months after successful coronary angioplasty. Clinical parameters were analyzed in 2 groups comparable at the moment of its performance in terms of major clinical characteristics.

[The study of role of membrane-bound Ca2+ in the regulation of relationship between neuron and glia during rhythmic excitation].

The role of membrane-bound Ca2+ in the regulation of Ca2+ transport through voltage-gated Ca2+ channel, and NMDA-glutamate and n-acetylcholine receptors upon interaction of a neuron with glia during rhythmic excitation was studied. It was found that the redistribution and transport of Ca2+ play a crucial role in the conductance of rhythmic excitation in both a "neuron-neuron" system and the processes providing the maintenance of a stationary level of rhythmic excitation in the system "neuron-glia".

A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of the stimulating and adaptogenic effect of Rhodiola rosea SHR-5 extract on the fatigue of students caused by stress during an examination period with a repeated low-dose regimen.

The objective was to investigate the stimulating and normalizing effect of the adaptogen Rhodiola rosea extract SHR-5 in foreign students during a stressful examination period. The study was performed as a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled with low repeated dose regime. The study drug and the placebo were taken for 20 days by the students during an examination period.

[The effect of the preparation rodakson on the psychophysiological and physical adaptation of students to an academic load].

The effect of rhodaxon, an adaptogen preparation based on the Rhodiola rosea extract, upon the physical and intellectual working capacity and psychoemotional state of foreign students during their study in a Russian high school was evaluated. It was established that rhodaxon administration provided increase in the amount of veloergometric work accomplished and reliably increased the kinesthesiometric sensitivity. The drug also lead to marked increased in the general condition and a decrease in the level of psychic fatigue and situational anxiety.