Isolation of a herpes simplex virus type 1-like agent from the brain of a mountain agile gibbon (Hylobates agilis agilis) with encephalitis.

A captive-born 2-yr-old male mountain agile gibbon (Hylobates agilis agilis) that died of encephalitis harbored a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1)-like agent in the brain. A complete necropsy revealed intensive meningeal congestion with nonsuppurative encephalitis. The virus was recovered from frozen brain tissue in Vero cells.

PCR Identification and Differentiation of Baboon Cytomegalovirus From Other Human and Nonhuman Primate Cytomegalovirus.

Background: Differential identification of baboon alpha, beta, and gamma herpesviruses is an essential technology in order to monitor xenozoonotic transmission of baboon viruses to foreign species organ and/or cell recipients. We present polymerase chain reaction techniques that will differentiate known baboon cytomegaloviruses (CMV) from their closely related counterparts found in humans. Methods and Results: Polymerase chain reaction techniques for identification of the known beta herpesviruses commonly present in the baboon are reported.

Myeloencephalitis associated with a viridans group Streptococcus in a colony of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata).

Five weaned immature Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), bred in captivity, showed nervous signs over a 12-month period. Hemorrhagic cerebral infarcts with vasculitis were detected in four necropsied animals. The distribution and nature of the lesions were consistent with bacterial embolism, and a Streptococcus isolate, biochemically similar to S.

Characterization of a novel syncytium-inducing baboon reovirus.

A syncytium-inducing reovirus was recently isolated from brain homogenates of a baboon suffering from acute, progressive meningoencephalo myelitis. This baboon reovirus (BRV) was classified as a member of the genus Orthoreovirus, family Reoviridae, on the basis of the characteristic capsid morphology and genome and protein profiles. We have assessed the relationship between BRV and the other syncytium-inducing reoviruses in order to determine whether the emergence of this virus represents a host range or pathogenic alteration in a previously described isolate or the appearance of a novel entity.

Sickle cell disease with complicated influenza B virus infection.

The Committee on Infectious Diseases of the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Center for Disease Control for many years have recommended the routine use of influenza vaccine in various hemoglobinopathies including sickle cell disease. This recommendation, however, has not been included in the patient care protocols of the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Centers program of NIHLB. Most clinicians have not used yearly influenza vaccine for their patients with sickle cell disease.

ELISA for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 in human sera.

A rapid, enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was applied to identify and measure specific IgG and IgM antibodies to herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2). Detergent solubilized infected cells and mock-infected cells were used as antigens in the assay. Identification of type-specific antibodies was achieved by a competition assay in which clinical sera mixed with HSV-1 or HSV-2 antigens were assayed for reactivity to identical antigens coating wells of polystyrene microtiter plates.

Comparison of four methods for typing low-passage herpes simplex virus isolates.

Clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus (HSV) were identified as HSV type 1 or type 2 by sensitivity to (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU), by differential replication in chick embryo cells versus guinea pig embryo cells, by restriction endonuclease analysis, and by a direct fluorescent antibody technique using monoclonal antibodies. More than 550 isolates were typed by two or three of the systems with complete agreements as to virus type between systems for each isolate. In appropriately equipped laboratories, any of the above typing systems can be used with complete confidence.

Subacute salicylate intoxication in an infant with echovirus type 11 infection.

An antigenic variant of E 11 was the most frequently encountered echovirus in the United States in 1979. Several reports have indicated that infection with this agent was often associated with an overwhelming clinical course in neonates. Our case was in a 5-week-old infant with an E 11 infection complicated by subacute salicylate intoxication.

Incidence of coxsackievirus B type 4 (CB4) infections concomitant with onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

From September 1979 to August 1981, a total of 25 children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were admitted for management to the Pediatric Ward, Lubbock General Hospital, Lubbock, Texas. Parents of the 24 admitted patients gave informed consent for their child to participate in the study. While hospitalized, all study patients donated early-phase (acute) blood samples and specimens for virus isolation attempts.

Identification of Bulgarian strain 258 of enterovirus 71.

In 1975 in Bulgaria a severe epidemic of central nervous system (CNS) disease occurred. Clinically, histopathologically, and epidemiologically the cases resembled poliomyelitis, aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and, in some cases, encephalomyocarditis. About 21% of the 700 reported cases developed paralysis, 44 with fatal outcome [ref.

Persistence of virus shedding in asymptomatic women after recovery from herpes genitalis.

One hundred seventeen women were reexamined within 6 months after presenting with genital herpes. Swabs for virus isolation were taken from the cervix whether or not lesions were observed. Herpesvirus type II was isolated from 30 of 67 patients with recurrent disease, but also from 5 of 50 women during periods when there were no signs or symptoms of illness.

Treatment of genital herpes simplex virus infection with photodynamic inactivation.

A double-blind randomized study to evaluate the effect of proflavine in the treatment of genital herpesvirus infection was conducted. One hundred fifty-seven women were studied, of whom 75 were treated with proflavine (treated women) and 82 were treated with placebo (control group). There were 62 women with primary disease and 95 with recurrent infection.

Experimental carcinoma of liver in macaque monkeys exposed to diethylnitrosamine and hepatitis B virus.

The effects of treatments with diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) on macaque monkeys were investigated by virus serology and by light and electron microscopy. The experimental groups comprised 43 newborn or juvenile cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys of both sexes. HBV neither had a carcinogenic effect nor increased the oncogenic effect of DENA.

Comparative analysis of polypeptides induced by type 1 and type 2 strains of herpes simplex virus.

The polypeptides synthesized in HEp-2 cells infected with 7 type 1 and 8 type 2 strains of herpes simplex virus were examined by PAGE. The polypeptides produced were consistent for each type and clearly different from those produced by infection with the other type.

Enterovirus type 70: the etiologic agent of pandemic acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.

A new enterovirus, now classified as enterovirus type 70, was isolated from the conjunctiva of patients with acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis during the 1971 epidemics that occurred in Japan, Singapore, and Morocco. These epidemics were parts of a pandemic involving Africa (Algeria, Ghana, Morocco, Nigeria, and Tunisia), Asia (Cambodia, China (Province of Taiwan), Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand), and England during 1969-71. A representative strain from each of the three epidemic areas was studied cooperatively.