Assessment and validation of the p-QuEChERS sample preparation methodology for the analysis of >200 veterinary drugs in various animal-based food matrices.

The need remains for veterinary multi-residue methods that reliably quantify and identify veterinary drugs in the various animal-based food matrices. Such a method should not only show good method performance parameters (e.g.

Simplifying Nontargeted Analysis of PFAS in Complex Food Matrixes.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of toxic environmental contaminants that are characterized by their high chemical stability and enormous structural diversity.

Objective: The limited availability of PFAS reference standards is the main motivation for developing nontargeted analytical methods. Current concepts are complex and rely on multiple filtering steps (e.

Improving the QuEChERS Liquid/Liquid Extraction of Analytes With Widely Varying Physicochemical Properties: Example of 201 Veterinary Drugs in Milk.

Background: QuEChERS is an extraction and sample processing technique widely used for multiresidue methods (e.g., pesticides or veterinary drugs).

High resolution mass spectrometry-based detection and quantification of β-agonists at relevant trace levels in a variety of animal-based food matrices.

β-agonists have been illegally used for growth promoting purposes in animal husbandry, leading to residue concentrations capable of inducing acute toxic reactions among consumers of animal-based food. There is not only a need for detecting β-agonist residues at low concentrations, but also to increase the number of compounds to be monitored. It was therefore the aim of this paper to develop a unified method capable of detecting a wide range of different β-agonists (20 analytes including some metabolites) in a variety of matrices (muscle, liver, plasma, milk and urine).

Analysis of a variety of inorganic and organic additives in food products by ion-pairing liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry.

A reversed-phase ion-pairing chromatographic method was developed for the detection and quantification of inorganic and organic anionic food additives. A single-stage high-resolution mass spectrometer (orbitrap ion trap, Orbitrap) was used to detect the accurate masses of the unfragmented analyte ions. The developed ion-pairing chromatography method was based on a dibutylamine/hexafluoro-2-propanol buffer.

Using In Silico Fragmentation to Improve Routine Residue Screening in Complex Matrices.

Targeted residue screening requires the use of reference substances in order to identify potential residues. This becomes a difficult issue when using multi-residue methods capable of analyzing several hundreds of analytes. Therefore, the capability of in silico fragmentation based on a structure database ("suspect screening") instead of physical reference substances for routine targeted residue screening was investigated.

Practical application of in silico fragmentation based residue screening with ion mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Rationale: A screening concept for residues in complex matrices based on liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry LC/IMS-HRMS is presented. The comprehensive four-dimensional data (chromatographic retention time, drift time, mass-to-charge and ion abundance) obtained in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode was used for data mining. An in silico fragmenter utilizing a molecular structure database was used for suspect screening, instead of targeted screening with reference substances.

Determination of corticosteroids, anabolic steroids, and basic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and animal tissues.

A quantitative LC/MS/MS method was developed for the determination of 14 steroidal compounds and three basic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (detected as metabolites) in bovine milk and animal muscle tissue. The proposed method is sufficiently sensitive and highly selective for residue applications. The described approach offers the possibility to detect, quantify, and confirm anti-inflammatory drugs belonging to two widely diverging chemical categories.

Study of high-resolution mass spectrometry technology as a replacement for tandem mass spectrometry in the field of quantitative pesticide residue analysis.

A validated LC/MS/MS-based multiresidue pesticide method was converted to an LC high-resolution MS single-stage Orbitrap platform. No changes regarding the cleanup and LC were made. Optimization of high-resolution MS-specific parameters and interface settings was kept at a minimum.

Are liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem quadrupole fragmentation ratios unequivocal confirmation criteria?

Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) ratios as provided by tandem mass spectrometers are used to confirm positive residue findings (e.g. veterinary drugs or pesticides).

Quantitative multiresidue method for about 100 veterinary drugs in different meat matrices by sub 2-microm particulate high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry.

A quantitative multiresidue method covering more than 100 veterinary drugs, belonging to different drug families, has been developed. The proposed approach uses an liquid-liquid-solid extraction technique (bi-polarity extraction) which is capable in recovering polar, medium polar and apolar compounds. A thorough generic reversed phase solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up removes interfering proteins and provides clean and stable extracts.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF): a novel tool for multiresidue screening of veterinary drugs in urine.

A multiresidue method for the screening of veterinary drugs in urine with ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF) is proposed. The method covers currently more than 100 analytes belonging to different families of veterinary drugs. Urine samples are simply diluted and injected unfiltered into the UPLC-TOF.

Quantitative LC/MS-MS determination of sulfonamides and some other antibiotics in honey.

A simple and rapid method was developed for the determination of 20 antibiotics (sulfonamides, tetacyclines, and flumequine) in honey by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The proposed method is sensitive (limit of detection 0.5 to 10 ppb for the various antibiotics) and selective.