Factors associated with delayed initiation of breast cancer treatment at an oncology referral center in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais state, from 2010 to 2019: a cohort study.

Objectives: To analyze factors associated with delayed initiation of breast cancer treatment at an oncology referral center in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais state, between 2010 and 2019.

Methods: This was a cohort study using data from the Hospital-based Cancer Registry. The probability of not starting treatment within 60 days, in accordance with Brazilian law, was estimated using Kaplan-Meier, method and its association with the factors studied was assessed using the Cox model, presenting hazard ratios (HR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

[What does the Brazilian National Health Survey have to say about the influence of cigarette spending on household income?].

In a country whose indicators of population impoverishment continue to increase, it is concerning that individuals spend money to buy cigarettes instead of using this resource in actions that strengthen aspects of the well-being of their lives and that of their families. Based on the Brazilian National Health Survey conducted in 2019, the influence of spending on manufactured cigarettes on the family budget in households with at least one smoker was estimated, stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Brazilian smokers allocated around 8% of their average per capita monthly household income to the purchase of manufactured cigarettes.

Racial disparities in breast cancer survival after treatment initiation in Brazil: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Breast cancer is a public health priority in Brazil and ensuring equity in health care is one of the cancer control plan goals. Our aim was to present the first assessment on the influence of race or skin colour on breast cancer survival at the national level.

Methods: In this nationwide cohort study, data on women who initiated treatment for breast cancer in the public health-care system (Sistema Unico de Saúde), Brazil, were assembled through record linkage of administrative and mortality information systems.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies Associated With Chemotherapy in First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (cetuximab and panitumumab) or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (bevacizumab) monoclonal antibodies associated with conventional chemotherapy (CT) (fluorouracil and leucovorin with irinotecan) as a first-line treatment for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods: A partitioned survival analysis model was adopted to simulate direct health costs and benefits comparing therapeutic options in a 10 years' time horizon. Model data were extracted from the literature and costs were obtained from Brazilian official government databases.

Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories in Brazil.

Introduction: Smoking prevalence has decreased considerably in Brazil from 34.8% in 1989 to 12.6% in 2019 owing to the implementation of strong tobacco control policies.

Impact of microvascular invasion on 5-year overall survival of resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an incidental and aggressive type of cancer. Although curative treatment can be offered, the recurrence rate is relatively high. Identifying factors that have a prognostic impact may guide changes in the staging system and recommendations for adjuvant therapy.

"Tobacco denormalization at home": the contribution of the smoking ban in enclosed workplaces in Brazil.

Estimates suggest that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is related to 1.2 million deaths per year worldwide. Synergy between various anti-smoking legislative and educational measures is essential to stimulate cessation and prevent initiation.

Socioeconomic, Clinical, and Molecular Features of Breast Cancer Influence Overall Survival of Latin American Women.

Molecular profile of breast cancer in Latin-American women was studied in five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay. Data about socioeconomic characteristics, risk factors, prognostic factors, and molecular subtypes were described, and the 60-month overall cumulative survival probabilities (OS) were estimated. From 2011 to 2013, 1,300 eligible Latin-American women 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of breast cancer in clinical stage II or III, and performance status ≦̸1 were invited to participate in a prospective cohort study.

[Prevalence and factors associated to advanced stage breast cancer diagnosis].

This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with advanced stage breast cancer diagnosis among 18,890 women assisted in a specialized hospital in the capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1999 to 2016. We used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals. The highest prevalence of diagnosis in this condition was in women aged 20-39 and 40-49 years, black and brown, living without a partner, from other cities of the state of Rio de Janeiro, who were referred by the Unified Health System and diagnosed in the 1999-2004 and 2005-2010 six-year periods.

Prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems and waterpipe use in Brazil: where are we going?

Objective: To describe the prevalence of use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and waterpipe in Brazil, by population subgroups, and to evaluate the trend between 2013 and 2019.

Methods: We used data from the 2019 National Health Survey to estimate the prevalence of lifetime and current use of ENDS and current use of waterpipes by socio-behavioral characteristics. Differences in prevalence over time were calculated using data from the III Brazilian Household Survey on Substance Use-2015 and the National Health Survey-2013.

Risk of smoking relapse with the use of electronic cigarettes: A systematic review with meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.

Introduction: The use of e-cigarettes has been the subject of a public health debate on their possibility of undermining efforts for tobacco control. The aim of this study was to synthesize the risk of smoking relapse with the use of e-cigarettes by former smokers.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo and LILACS were searched without restriction to language or date of publication.

Food Profiles of Indigenous Households in Brazil: Results of the First National Survey of Indigenous Peoples' Health and Nutrition.

The objective of the present study was to characterize the food profiles in Indigenous households participating in the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition in Brazil. Multiple correspondence analysis was used to estimate distances between regions and foods from three sources (local Indigenous production, purchased, and external donation), in addition to "not consumed." The combined distribution of the first two dimensions revealed three distinct profiles of food acquisition.

Birth weight of indigenous children in Brazil: results of the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition.

Birth weight is an important predictor of perinatal, infant, and preschool-age children morbimortality. However, information about indigenous children's birth weight is still scarce. This study aimed to analyze the birth weight of indigenous children based on data from the First National Survey of Indigenous People's Health and Nutrition, Brazil (2008-2009).

Ultrasound assessment of lacrimal glands: a cross-sectional study in healthy subjects and a preliminary study in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to: i) perform an ultrasonographic (US) evaluation of the lacrimal glands (LGs) in healthy subjects in order to define the sonographic elementary lesions which could be identified in the LGs and describe their frequencies in healthy subjects; ii) test the intra and inter-rater agreement between four rheumatologists; iii) preliminary assess whether the elementary lesions of the LGs let us differentiate healthy subjects from primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients.

Methods: A consensus meeting was held to define the sonographic lesions to be evaluated. Healthy subjects and pSS patients underwent lacrimal glands ultrasound (LGUS) examinations in two Italian Rheumatology Clinics.

Pharmacotherapy for juvenile spondyloarthritis: an overview of the available therapies.

Introduction: Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) represent a heterogeneous group of inflammatory arthritides with autoimmune pathogenesis that can affect both adults and children with peculiar features such as enthesitis, sacroiliac joint, and axial involvement. Since juvenile onset of SpA (JSpA) is not well codified by the current juvenile idiopathic arthritis classification, studies in this field are restricted to single categories and therefore cannot be exhaustive. This review aims to report recent advances in the treatment of JSpA.

Hyaluronic Acid Injections in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Secondary to Primary Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis.

The purpose of this study is to review the current literature on the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) specifically applied to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) secondary to primary inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Osteoarthritis should be carefully considered because it has potentially devastating effects on health-related quality of life. Locally injected HA seems to be an effective treatment for OA but it is not clear how to place this treatment in the context of inflammatory rheumatic disorders.

Assessing trends of breast cancer and carcinoma in situ to monitor screening policies in developing settings.

There have been arguments about the role of breast cancer screening at the population level, and some points of controversy have arisen, such the establishment of organized screening policies and the age at which to begin screening. The real benefit of screening has been questioned because the results of this practice may increase the diagnosis of indolent lesions without decreasing mortality due to breast cancer. The authors have proposed a study of incidence and mortality trends for breast cancer in a developing setting in Brazil to monitor the effectiveness of the official recommendations that prioritize the age group from 50 to 69 years.

Target therapy versus dacarbazine in first-line treatment of advanced non-surgical and metastatic melanoma: budget impact analysis from the perspective of the Brazilian National Health System, 2018-2020.

Objective: to estimate the incremental budget impact of target therapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-surgical and metastatic melanoma compared to dacarbazine treatment.

Methods: budget impact analysis, from the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) perspective; based on demographic data and incidence estimates, the population over a three-year time horizon (2018-2020) was delimited and the direct medical costs were estimated; the reference scenario was treatment with dacarbazine, and the alternative scenarios were target therapy with vemurafenib, dabrafenib, vemurafenib + cobimetinib and dabrafenib + trametinib; uncertainty assessment was conducted through scenario analysis.

Results: the incremental budget impact ranged from R$ 451,867,881.

Smoke-free legislation and neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil: longitudinal quasi-experimental study.

Objective: To examine the associations of partial and comprehensive smoke-free legislation with neonatal and infant mortality in Brazil using a quasi-experimental study design.

Design: Monthly longitudinal (panel) ecological study from January 2000 to December 2016.

Setting: All Brazilian municipalities (n=5565).

Is a Family History of the Breast Cancer Related to Women's Cancer Prevention Behaviors?

Families share behavioral risk factors that can increase the risk of cancer development. We examined whether having a positive family breast cancer history is associated with health behaviors/screening practices. Analyses were based on a cross-sectional sample of 545 Brazilian National Cancer Institute Hospital patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer in 2013/2014.

DNA Barcodes for Forensically Important Fly Species in Brazil.

Here, we analyze 248 DNA barcode sequences of 35 fly species of forensic importance in Brazil. DNA barcoding can be effectively used for specimen identification of these species, allowing the unambiguous identification of 31 species, an overall success rate of 88%. Our results show a high rate of success for molecular identification using DNA barcoding sequences and open new perspectives for immature species identification, a subject on which limited forensic investigations exist in Tropical regions.

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf extracts from Annona tomentosa R.E.Fr.

Objective: Annona tomentosa R.E.Fr is a species not endemic to Brazil that belongs to the phytogeographic areas of the Amazon, Cerrado and Pantanal.

Time trends for prostate cancer mortality in Brazil and its geographic regions: An age-period-cohort analysis.

Background: In the 1980s, an increase in mortality rates for prostate cancer was observed in North America and developed European countries. In the 1990s, however, mortality rates decreased for these countries, an outcome related to early detection of the disease. Conversely, an upward trend in mortality rates was observed in Brazil.

Patient survival and risk of death after prostate cancer treatment in the Brazilian Unified Health System.

Objective: Analyze the probability of specific survival and factors associated with the risk of death of patients with prostate cancer who received outpatient cancer treatment in the Brazilian Unified Health System, Brazil.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the National Database of Oncology, developed through the deterministic-probabilistic pairing of health information systems: outpatient (SIA), hospital (SIH) and mortality (SIM). The probability of overall and specific survival was estimated by the time elapsed between the date of the first ambulatory treatment, from 2002 to 2003, until the patient's death or the end of the study.