Perfusion imaging by arterial spin labeling in migraine: A literature review.

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method for the assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This review summarizes recent ASL-based investigations in adult and pediatric patients with migraine with aura, migraine without aura, and chronic migraine. A systematic search according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted within PubMed and reference sections of articles identified from April 2014 to November 2022.

Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) in Neuroradiological Diagnostics - Methodological Overview and Use Cases.

Background: Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based technique using labeled blood-water of the brain-feeding arteries as an endogenous tracer to derive information about brain perfusion. It enables the assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Method: This review aims to provide a methodological and technical overview of ASL techniques, and to give examples of clinical use cases for various diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS).

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in migraine: A systematic review.

Background: Migraine is a highly prevalent primary headache disorder. Despite a high burden of disease, key disease mechanisms are not entirely understood. Functional magnetic resonance imaging is an imaging method using the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal, which has been increasingly used in migraine research over recent years.

Findings in whole body MRI and conventional imaging in patients with fever of unknown origin-a retrospective study.

Background: To analyse the influence of whole body (wb)-MRI on patient management compared to routine diagnostic tests in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO).

Methods: Twenty-four patients with FUO, defined as illness of more than three weeks with fever greater than 38.3 °C, underwent wb-MRI at a 1.

Usefulness of slice encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) technique for reducing metal artifacts after total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of a novel MRI sequence strategy in the assessment of the periprosthetic anatomical structures after primary total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Two MR sequences were retrospectively compared for the imaging of 15 patients with implanted cruciate-retaining/fixed-bearing TKAs (DePuy, PFC Sigma): a slice encoding sequence for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) and a standard sequence. Images were acquired on a 1.

Image Quality Assessment of 2D 3D T2WI and Evaluation of Ultra-high b-Value (b=2,000 mm/s) DWI for Response Assessment in Rectal Cancer.

Aim: The purpose of this IRB-approved, retrospective study was to compare image quality between 2D and high-resolution 3D, T2-weighted (T2WI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and to investigate the additional value of ultra-high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI; b=2,000 mm/s) for both rectal cancer staging and evaluating treatment response.

Materials And Methods: From 12 February to 24 August 2016, 26 consecutive patients (22 males, four females; mean age: 61.9±14.

Does Acromion Morphology Depend on the Extremity or on Gender in the Population?

Objective: The aims were to study the acromion parameters in the population and to assess the extremity or sex variation in the acromion morphology.

Methods: The lateral acromion angle (LAA) and the acromion index (AI) were assessed in a computed tomographic scan database of 250 individuals in the age group of 20 to 49 years. For the analysis of LAA and AI, 286 and 234 shoulders were available, respectively.

Semi-automatic Volumetric Measurement of Treatment Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Trans-arterial Chemoembolization.

Aim: To perform a quantitative, volumetric analysis of therapeutic effects of trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Patients And Methods: Entire tumor volume and a subset of hypervascular tumor portions were analyzed pre- and post-TACE in magnetic resonance imaging datasets of 22 HCC patients using a semi-automated segmentation and evaluation tool from the Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit. Results were compared to mRECIST measurements and inter-reader variability was assessed.

Risk assessment in patients with acute alcohol intoxication.

Aim: Patients with acute alcohol intoxication present a serious and still growing problem for pre- and intra-hospital emergency services. Data on the clinical risk assessment of alcohol-intoxicated patients are sparse. The aim of the present work was, therefore, to collect and assess relevant risk parameters.

Value of diffusion-weighted MR imaging for the detection of nephritis.

Purpose: To evaluate diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI-MRI) for the detection and assessment of infectious renal disease.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one patients with suspicious increased signal intensity of the kidneys on DWI sequences and corresponding ADC decrease were identified. Sixty patients without clinical signs of renal infection served as a control group.

Contrast-enhanced 3-dimensional SPACE versus MP-RAGE for the detection of brain metastases: considerations with a 32-channel head coil.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the detection of brain metastases at 3 T using a 32-channel head coil with 2 different 3-dimensional (3D) contrast-enhanced sequences, a T1-weighted fast spin-echo-based (SPACE; sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolutions) sequence and a conventional magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MP-RAGE) sequence.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen patients with 161 brain metastases were examined prospectively using both SPACE and MP-RAGE sequences on a 3-T magnetic resonance system. Eight healthy volunteers were similarly examined for determination of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values.

Venous thromboembolism: additional diagnostic value and radiation dose of pelvic CT venography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.

Purpose: To assess the additional diagnostic value of indirect CT venography (CTV) of the pelvis and upper thighs performed after pulmonary CT angiography (CTA) for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective analysis, the radiology information system entries between January 2003 and December 2007 were searched for patients who received pulmonary CTA and additional CTV of the pelvis and upper thighs. Of those patients, the radiology reports were reviewed for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the pelvic veins and veins of the upper thighs.

Triple-rule-out dual-source CT angiography of patients with acute chest pain: dose reduction potential of 100 kV scanning.

Purpose: To investigate the dose reduction potential of low kV triple-rule-out dual-source CT angiography (TRO-CTA) in non-obese (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m(2)) patients with acute chest pain.

Materials And Methods: Sixty consecutive patients were randomly assigned to two different retrospectively ECG-gated TRO-CTA protocols in this prospective trial: Thirty patients were examined with a 120-kV standard protocol (320 reference mAs with automatic tube current modulation, automatically adapted pitch and ECG-pulsing) and served as the control group (group 1), an otherwise identical 100 kV protocol was used in the other thirty patients (group 2) for a radiation dose reduction. Subjective image quality was assessed on a 5 point scale (1: excellent, 5: non-diagnostic) by two blinded observers.

Dual-energy CT angiography of the lungs: comparison of test bolus and bolus tracking techniques for the determination of scan delay.

Objective: To prospectively compare test bolus and bolus tracking for the determination of scan delay of pulmonary dual-energy CT angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.

Materials And Methods: 60 consecutive patients referred for CTA for exclusion of PE were randomized either into a test bolus group or into a bolus tracking group. All exams were performed on a 64-channel dual source CT scanner.

Enhanced visualization of lung vessels for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism using dual energy CT angiography.

Objectives: To evaluate a software algorithm highlighting vascular iodine distribution in dual energy (DE) computed tomography angiography (CTA) for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE).

Material And Methods: Pulmonary DE-CTA of 16 patients with PE and 16 patients without PE were analyzed using a software algorithm highlighting vascular iodine distribution. The algorithm color-codes lung vessels depending on their local iodine distribution on a 2-color scale.

Volumetric analysis of pulmonary CTA for the assessment of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.

Rationale And Objectives: To retrospectively determine the value of a volumetric ventricle analysis for the assessment of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) by using image data from non-electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated multidetector computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Materials And Methods: Hypothesizing that the presence of PE and the embolus location correlated with right ventricular dysfunction, we retrospectively analyzed 100 non-ECG-gated pulmonary CTA datasets of patients with central, peripheral, and without PE. Right ventricle/left ventricle (RV/LV) diameter ratio measured in transverse sections (RV/LV(trans)), four-chamber view (RV/LV(4ch)), and RV/LV volume ratio (RV/LV(vol)) were assessed on CT images.