Immune recovery and the role of recent thymic emigrated T lymphocytes after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background Aims: Adequate re-establishment of thymopoiesis is critical for long-term immune reconstitution after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), potentially impacting patient survival rates. This study aimed to evaluate immune reconstitution in pediatric HCT recipients by quantifying recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), specifically CD3CD31CD45RA cells.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 186 pediatric patients transplanted between 2013 and 2020, undergoing their first allogeneic HCT, who were alive in the first 100 days after transplantation with immune recovery evaluation at three time points: day 100, day 180 and day 360 after HCT.

The Screening of microRNAs in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinical Evaluation.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of leukemia whose main genetic marker is the reciprocal translocation that leads to the production of the oncoprotein. The expression of some genes may interfere with the progression and development of leukemias. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have the potential to alter the expression of some genes and may be correlated with some types of leukemia and could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients.

Cerebrospinal fluid CD14CD16 monocytes in HIV-1 subtype C compared with subtype B.

CD14CD16 monocytes are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, and cross the blood-brain barrier. HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) shows reduced Tat protein chemoattractant activity compared to HIV-1B, which might influence monocyte trafficking into the CNS. We hypothesized that the proportion of monocytes in CSF in HIV-1C is lower than HIV-1B group.

CD3CD56 and CD3CD56 lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of persons with HIV-1 subtypes B and C.

The transactivator of transcription (Tat) is a HIV regulatory protein which promotes viral replication and chemotaxis. HIV-1 shows extensive genetic diversity, HIV-1 subtype C being the most dominant subtype in the world. Our hypothesis is the frequency of CSF CD3CD56 and CD3CD56 is reduced in HIV-1C compared to HIV-1B due to the Tat C30S31 substitution in HIV-1C.

Main lymphocyte subpopulations in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood in HIV-1 subtypes C and B.

HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) shows reduced Tat protein chemoattractant activity compared with HIV-1B. The impact of HIV-1C Tat on the chemotaxis of the main lymphocyte subpopulations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the peripheral blood (PB) is unclear. We hypothesized that there would be a lower frequency of specific lymphocyte subpopulations CD3 or CD19 in CSF in HIV-1C than in HIV-1B.

Updating recommendations of the Brazilian Group of Flow Cytometry (GBCFLUX) for diagnosis of acute leukemias using four-color flow cytometry panels.

Introduction: Flow cytometry has become an increasingly important tool in the clinical laboratory for the diagnosis and monitoring of many hematopoietic neoplasms. This method is ideal for immunophenotypic identification of cellular subpopulations in complex samples, such as bone marrow and peripheral blood. In general, 4-color panels appear to be adequate, depending on the assay.

Minimal residual disease assessment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia by 4-color flow cytometry: Recommendations from the MRD Working Group of the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation.

Introduction: The minimal residual disease (MRD) status plays a crucial role in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is currently used in most therapeutic protocols to guide the appropriate therapeutic decision. Therefore, it is imperative that laboratories offer accurate and reliable results through well standardized technical processes by establishing rigorous operating procedures.

Method: Our goal is to propose a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) panel for MRD detection in ALL and provide recommendations intended for flow cytometry laboratories that work on 4-color flow cytometry platforms.

Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Populations Are Differentially Regulated by Thyroid or/and Ovarian Hormone Loss.

Bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs) play an essential role in organ repair and regeneration. The molecular mechanisms by which hormones control BMDSCs proliferation and differentiation are unclear. Our aim in this study was to investigate how a lack of ovarian or/and thyroid hormones affects stem cell number in bone marrow lineage.

Proposal for the standardization of flow cytometry protocols to detect minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Minimal residual disease is the most powerful predictor of outcome in acute leukemia and is useful in therapeutic stratification for acute lymphoblastic leukemia protocols. Nowadays, the most reliable methods for studying minimal residual disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia are multiparametric flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction. Both provide similar results at a minimal residual disease level of 0.

Circulating progenitor and mature endothelial cells in deep vein thrombosis.

Introduction: Mature circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been described in several conditions associated with endothelial injury. Their role in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has not been previously evaluated.

Patients And Methods: In this pilot study we evaluated the time course of CEC and EPC release after vena cava experimental DVT in mice, using the FeCl3 model.

Flow cytometry as a tool in the diagnosis of Bernard-Soulier syndrome in Brazilian patients.

Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (BSS) is an inherited recessive bleeding disorder. In some instances, diagnosis might be restricted to routine blood exams, including bleeding time, prothrombin time (PT), and partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Exams such as platelet aggregation, and testing for expression of ristocetin cofactor, or von Willebrand factor may not be commonly performed.