Plasmid-encoded toxin of cleaves complement system proteins and inhibits complement-mediated lysis .

Plasmid-encoded toxin (Pet) is an autotransporter protein of the serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) family, important in the pathogenicity of . The gene was initially found in the enteroaggregative (EAEC) virulence plasmid, pAA2. Although this virulence factor was initially described in EAEC, an intestinal pathotype, may also be present in other pathotypes, including extraintestinal pathogenic strains (ExPEC).

Detection of ESBL/AmpC-Producing and Fosfomycin-Resistant From Different Sources in Poultry Production in Southern Brazil.

This study discussed the use of antimicrobials in the commercial chicken production system and the possible factors influencing the presence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC producers strains in the broiler production chain. The aim of this study was to perform longitudinal monitoring of ESBL-producing and fosfomycin-resistant from poultry farms in southern Brazil (Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul states) and determine the possible critical points that may be reservoirs for these strains. Samples of poultry litter, cloacal swabs, poultry feed, water, and beetles ( sp.

Antibody Therapy for the Control of Viral Diseases: An Update.

The epidemiological impact of viral diseases, combined with the emergence and reemergence of some viruses, and the difficulties in identifying effective therapies, have encouraged several studies to develop new therapeutic strategies for viral infections. In this context, the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of viral diseases is increasing. One of the strategies of immunotherapy is the use of antibodies, particularly the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and multi-specific antibodies, which bind directly to the viral antigen and bring about activation of the immune system.