Rapid Detection of Carbapenemases Using NG-Test CARBA 5 in Positive Blood Cultures: A Diagnostic Test Study.

Background: Infections due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are emerging as an important challenge in health-care settings and a growing concern worldwide. Lateral flow immunoassay NG-Test CARBA 5 can detect the five most reported carbapenemases (KPC, OXA-48-like, VIM, IMP, and NDM). Direct testing of positive blood cultures could reduce time to detection.

Favourable effect of clavulanic acid on the minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefixime and ceftibuten in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objectives: The use of cephalosporins combined with clavulanate for the treatment of ESBL-harbouring Enterobacteriaceae has been scarcely described. We aimed to describe the effect of different concentrations of clavulanate in the MIC of cefixime and ceftibuten of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Methods: ESBL-producing E.

Multidrug-Resistant sp. and sp. in Municipal and Hospital Wastewater: A Longitudinal Study.

The objective of the study was to detect multidrug-resistant sp. and sp. isolates in municipal and hospital wastewater and to determine their elimination or persistence after wastewater treatment.

Molecular characterization and genotyping of isolates from cancer patients with infection or asymptomatic colonization.

Cancer patients with infection (CDI) are at a higher risk for adverse outcomes. In addition, a high prevalence of asymptomatic colonization (CDAC) has been reported in this vulnerable population. The molecular characteristics and potential role of CDAC in healthcare-related transmission in the cancer population have been poorly explored.

Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Introduction: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) are a significant cause of mortality and represent a serious challenge to health systems. The early identification of mortality predictors could guide appropriate treatment and follow-up. We aimed to identify the factors associated with 90-day all-cause mortality in patients with CR-GNB infections.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 associated with cavitations and treatment failure.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotyping has been crucial to determining the distribution and impact of different families on disease clinical presentation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations among sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and M. tuberculosis lineages from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Orizaba, Veracruz, Mexico.

Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Strains from Pasteurized Cheeses and Unpasteurized Cream Sold at Traditional Open Markets in Mexico City.

Abstract: Fresh cheeses and cream are important garnishes of traditional Mexican food, often purchased at street or itinerant open markets or tianguis. However, there is scarce information regarding the microbiological quality of cheeses and cream sold in tianguis. For 2 years, three dairy stalls from three tianguis in Mexico City were visited once each season, trading practices were registered, and 96 dairy products were purchased.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Clonal Distribution of . , spp. and spp. Strains Isolated from Two Hospital Wastewater Plants.

The objective of this study was to determine the presence and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria and their clonal distribution in hospital wastewater. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in wastewater from two Mexico City tertiary level hospitals. In February and March of 2020, eight wastewater samples were collected and 26 isolates of enterobacteria were recovered, 19 (73.

Risk Factors Associated with Failure of Linezolid Therapy in Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteremia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Referral Center in Mexico.

We aimed to assess the factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with vancomycin-resistant (VREf) bloodstream infection (BSI) who received treatment with linezolid in an 11-year retrospective cohort of patients with VREf BSI. A univariate and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine 30-day mortality factors. Moreover, a Cox proportional hazards analysis of predictor covariates of mortality was performed.

Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital Wastewater: Identification of Carbapenemase-Producing spp.

The objective of this study was to investigate the presence and persistence of carbapenemase-producing spp. isolated from wastewater and treated wastewater from two tertiary hospitals in Mexico. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in two hospital wastewater treatment plants, which were sampled in February 2020.

Incidence of Cytomegalovirus disease and viral replication kinetics in seropositive liver transplant recipients managed under preemptive therapy in a tertiary-care center in Mexico City: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: In the absence of an adequate prevention strategy, up to 20% of CMV IgG+ liver transplant recipients (LTR) will develop CMV disease. Despite improved reporting in CMV-DNAemia, there is no consensus as to what the ideal CMV-DNAemia cutoff for a successful preemptive strategy is. Each transplant centre establishes their own threshold.

Outbreak of NDM-1-Producing Escherichia coli in a Coronavirus Disease 2019 Intensive Care Unit in a Mexican Tertiary Care Center.

Emergency department areas were repurposed as intensive care units (ICUs) for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome during the initial months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We describe an outbreak of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1)-producing Escherichia coli infections in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to one of the repurposed units. Seven patients developed infections (6 ventilator-associated pneumonia [VAP] and 1 urinary tract infection [UTI]) due to carbapenem-resistant E.

Modulation of gut microbiota by Mantequilla and Melipona honeys decrease low-grade inflammation caused by high fructose corn syrup or sucrose in rats.

Several studies have shown that consumption of honey is associated with various health benefits. However, there is scarce evidence on whether honeys modify the intestinal microbiota by preventing the inflammatory response in the host. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to study the effect of Melipona (Mel) and Mantequilla (Mtq) honeys, which contain different bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity on gut microbiota and metabolic consequences in comparison with other sweeteners, in particular sucrose (S) and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) in rats.

Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay (MGIA) as a Host Directed Diagnostic Tool for the Evaluation of the Immune Response in Subjects Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The lack of efficient and cost-effective diagnostic tools contributes to poor control of tuberculosis in endemic countries. Moreover, host biological processes influence susceptibility, and infection resolution. It is well known that comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) affect the host immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infection.

Drug resistance phenotypes and genotypes in Mexico in representative gram-negative species: Results from the infivar network.

Aim: This report presents phenotypic and genetic data on the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and representative carbapenemases-producing Gram-negative species in Mexico.

Material And Methods: A total of 52 centers participated, 43 hospital-based laboratories and 9 external laboratories. The distribution of antimicrobial resistance data for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, Acinetobacter baumannii complex, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in selected clinical specimens from January 1 to March 31, 2020 was analyzed using the WHONET 5.

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium bovis evaluated by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR in an intensive dairy cattle breeding area in Mexico.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis. In Mexico, dairy cattle play an important role in the persistence and spread of the bacillus. In order to describe M.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Antibiotic Use during Hospital Conversion in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: To describe empirical antimicrobial prescription on admission in patients with severe COVID-19, the prevalence of Hospital-Acquired Infections, and the susceptibility patterns of the causing organisms.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study in a tertiary care center in Mexico City, we included consecutive patients admitted with severe COVID-19 between March 20th and June 10th and evaluated empirical antimicrobial prescription and the occurrence of HAI.

Results: 794 patients with severe COVID-19 were admitted during the study period.

High exposure to pathogenic leptospires by the population residing in dairy farms in Hidalgo, Mexico.

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease of unknown magnitude that has been overlooked and underreported, influenced by complex interactions established among humans, animals, and the environment; certain occupations, such as working with livestock, have an increased risk of exposure. We conducted a cross trans-sectional study in 374 serum samples obtained from workers and residents of dairy farms in the Tizayuca Basin, Hidalgo, Mexico, to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibody and the risk factors associated to this type of environment. The determination of anti-Leptospira antibodies was obtained by microscopic agglutination test.

Risk factors and outcomes associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis bacteraemia: A 10-year study in a tertiary-care centre in Mexico City.

Objectives: We sought to identify risk factors associated with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) and ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (ARE) bacteraemia, predictors of 30-day mortality, and 90-day recurrence-free survival according to resistance.

Methods: We evaluated clinical records of patients with E. faecalis and E.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a tertiary care center in Mexico, 2001-2017.

Introduction: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) comprise several pathogens with a complex profile of virulence, diverse epidemiological and clinical patterns as well as host specificity. Recently, an increase in the number of NTM infections has been observed; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these infections.

Methods: We included patients with NTM infections between 2001-2017 and obtained risk factors, clinical features and outcomes; finally, we compared this data between slowly growing (SGM) and rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM).

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Serratia marcescens in Mexico.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health threat. Therefore, surveillance studies are important tools to help direct antimicrobial use. The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance in Serratia marcescens isolates collected in 2016-2017 at eight medical centers from two regions of Mexico.

High prevalence of MDR gram-negative bacteria in feces of healthy blood donors in Mexico.

During the initial stage of a study to recruit universal intestinal microbiota donors in Mexico City, we found multiple "healthy" subjects that colonized with MDRO (Multidrug-resistant organisms). We aimed to describe clinical and demographic characteristics of these individuals. This was a prospective observational study.

Longitudinal Analysis of the Microbiological Quality of Raw Cow's Milk Samples Collected from Three Small Family Dairy Farms in Mexico over a 2-Year Period.

In Mexico, the total milk production that family dairy farms (FDF) contribute is ca. 35%, but this milk is not evaluated for microbiological quality. Forty percent of the milk and dairy products consumed by Mexicans is unpasteurized.