Shape Memory Alloys Applied to Automotive Adaptive Aerodynamics.

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are gaining popularity in the fields of automotive and aerospace engineering due to their unique thermomechanical properties. This paper proposes a numerical implementation of a comprehensive constitutive model for simulating the thermomechanical behavior of shape memory alloys, with temperature and strain as control variables to adjust the shape memory effect and super elasticity effect of the material. By implementing this model as a user subroutine in the FE code Abaqus/Standard, it becomes possible to account for variations in material properties in complex components made of shape memory alloys.

Recommendations to prescribe in complex older adults: results of the CRIteria to assess appropriate Medication use among Elderly complex patients (CRIME) project.

The occurrence of several geriatric conditions may influence the efficacy and limit the use of drugs prescribed to treat chronic conditions. Functional and cognitive impairment, geriatric syndromes (i.e.

Pattern of medication use among older inpatients in seven hospitals in Italy: results from the CRiteria to assess Appropriate Medication use among Elderly complex patients (CRIME) project.

Background: Prescribing pharmacological treatment for hospitalized older patients represents a challenge for physicians. In particular, hospitalized older adults present with acute and chronic diseases, which may require multiple treatments and increase their susceptibility to adverse drug reactions. Patterns of drugs use have rarely been investigated in these patients.

The risk of adverse drug reactions in older patients: beyond drug metabolism.

Changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, associated with increasing age, are often considered the only culprits of increasing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) rate observed in older adults, but other factors may be responsible for a reduction in drug efficacy and increase the risk of iatrogenic illness in this population. The aging process is characterized by a high level of complexity, which makes the care of older adults and the use of medications a challenging task. In particular, comorbidity, geriatric syndromes, cognitive and functional deficits, limited life expectancy are typical conditions observed in older adults which may reduce the efficacy of prescribed drugs and increase the risk of iatrogenic illness.