Preventive role of Pastinaca sativa in mitigating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease via modulation of metabolic endotoxemia.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading global liver disorder. Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa), rich in dietary fiber and medicinal properties, has shown health benefits, but its effects on MASLD are largely unexplored. This study evaluated the prebiotic and anti-MASLD effects of parsnip root water-soluble extract (PRE) in a mouse model.

Prebiotic Activity of Rhizome Extract and Its Effects on Obesity and Gut Inflammation.

(sweet flag), a medicinal plant, especially its rhizome, shows strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, its efficacy in treating intestinal inflammation and obesity is still unexplored. In this study, we investigated the prebiotic activity of sweet flag rhizome extract (SRE) and its preventive effects against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and colonic inflammation. The prebiotic activity was assessed based on the prebiotic activity scores of four probiotic strains.

The Role of Diet, Additives, and Antibiotics in Metabolic Endotoxemia and Chronic Diseases.

: Dietary patterns, including high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets (HFDs and HCDs), as well as non-dietary factors such as food additives and antibiotics, are strongly linked to metabolic endotoxemia, a critical driver of low-grade chronic inflammation. This review explores the mechanisms through which these factors impair intestinal permeability, disrupt gut microbial balance, and facilitate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation into the bloodstream, contributing to metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammatory bowel disease. : The analysis integrates findings from recent studies on the effects of dietary components and gut microbiota interactions on intestinal barrier function and systemic inflammation.

Flavobacterium rivulicola sp. nov., Isolated from a Freshwater Stream.

A Gram-strain-negative, aerobic, yellow-colored, non-motile, and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated IMCC34852, was isolated from a freshwater stream in the Republic of Korea. Cellular growth occurred at 10-37 °C, pH 6.0-9.

Congregibacter variabilis sp. nov. and Congregibacter brevis sp. nov. Within the OM60/NOR5 Clade, Isolated from Seawater, and Emended Description of the Genus Congregibacter.

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by means of flagella, short rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated IMCC43200 and IMCC45268, were isolated from coastal seawater samples collected from the South Sea of Korea. Strains IMCC43200 and IMCC45268 shared 98.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and were closely related to Congregibacter litoralis KT71 (98.

Lactococcus lactis KF140 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by N-Carboxymethyl-Lysine and High-Fat Diet.

Scope: Long-term consumption of excessive dietary advanced glycation end-products such as N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), which are produced by the Maillard reaction during food thermal processing, leads to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) along with high fat consumption. The study previously finds that administration of Lactococcus lactis KF140 (LL-KF140) detoxifies CML by decreasing CML absorption both in a rat model and clinical trial.

Methods And Results: The present study evaluates the ameliorative effect of LL-KF140 on NAFLD and fatty liver-related biomarkers in a mouse model induced by CML and high fat.

Ameliorating effects of Orostachys japonica against high-fat diet-induced obesity and gut dysbiosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Orostachys japonica (rock pine) has been used as a folk remedy to treat inflammation, hepatitis, and cancer in East Asia.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rock pine extract (RPE) on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice and to examine its effects on gut dysbiosis.

Materials And Methods: The characteristic compound of RPE, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, was quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Resistant starch-enriched brown rice exhibits prebiotic properties and enhances gut health in obese mice.

Resistant starch serves as a prebiotic in the large intestine, aiding in the maintenance of a healthy intestinal environment and mitigating associated chronic illnesses. This study aimed to investigate the impact of resistant starch-enriched brown rice (RBR) on intestinal health and functionality. We assessed changes in resistant starch concentration, structural alterations, and branch chain length distribution throughout the digestion process using an in vitro model.

Proposal of Flavihumibacter fluvii sp. nov. as a replacement name for the effectively published but invalidated epithet Flavihumibacter fluminis Park et al. 2022.

The name Flavihumibacter fluminis Park et al. 2022, which was effectively published but invalidated, is an illegitimate homonymic epithet of Flavihumibacter fluminis Guo et al. 2023.

Raman spectroscopy in crop quality assessment: focusing on sensing secondary metabolites: a review.

As a crop quality sensor, Raman spectroscopy has been consistently proposed as one of the most promising and non-destructive methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis of plant substances, because it can measure molecular structures in a short time without requiring pretreatment along with simple usage. The sensitivity of the Raman spectrum to target chemicals depends largely on the wavelength, intensity of the laser power, and exposure time. Especially for plant samples, it is very likely that the peak of the target material is covered by strong fluorescence effects.

sp. nov., isolated from a lotus wetland.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium, designated IMCC34681, was isolated from a lotus wetland in the Republic of Korea. Cellular growth occurred at 10-37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 7) and with 0-2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5 % NaCl).

Extract Prevents Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Improving Gut Health.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major chronic liver disease. Chronic alcohol consumption induces dysbiosis, disruption of gut barrier function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and changes in lipid metabolism, thereby leading to ALD. In this study, we investigated whether the commercial extract Nonitri can ameliorate ALD symptoms through the gut-liver axis.

Anti-obesity effects of red pepper ( L.) leaf extract on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high fat diet-fed mice.

Patients with obesity mostly have metabolic syndrome and this can lead to multiple health problems. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effect of water-soluble red pepper ( L.) leaf extract (PLE) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.

Role of Postbiotics in Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders.

Although the prevalence of metabolic disorders has progressively increased over the past few decades, metabolic disorders can only be effectively treated with calorie restriction and improved physical activity. Recent research has focused on altering the gut microbiome using prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics because various metabolic syndromes are caused by gut microbial dysbiosis. Postbiotics, substances produced or released by microorganism metabolic activities, play an important role in maintaining and restoring host health.

Gellan gum prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites.

Gellan gum (GG) is an anionic polysaccharide used as an additive in the food industry. However, the effect of GG on gut microbiota regulation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not yet been investigated. In vitro fermentation experiments have demonstrated that GG promoted the growth of probiotic strains such as Lactiplantibacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium bifidum, producing metabolites beneficial to gut health.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibition by Gut Microbe-Generated Short-Chain Fatty Acids Entrains Intestinal Epithelial Circadian Rhythms.

Background & Aims: The circadian clock orchestrates ∼24-hour oscillations of gastrointestinal epithelial structure and function that drive diurnal rhythms in gut microbiota. Here, we use experimental and computational approaches in intestinal organoids to reveal reciprocal effects of gut microbial metabolites on epithelial timekeeping by an epigenetic mechanism.

Methods: We cultured enteroids in media supplemented with sterile supernatants from the altered Schaedler Flora (ASF), a defined murine microbiota.

Flavihumibacter fluminis sp. nov. and Flavihumibacter rivuli sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater stream.

Two Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, chemoheterotrophic, non-motile, rod-shaped, and yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, designated IMCC34837 and IMCC34838, were isolated from a freshwater stream. Results of 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strains IMCC34837 and IMCC34838 shared 96.3% sequence similarity and were most closely related to Flavihumibacter profundi Chu64-6-1 (99.

Methods for Assessing Circadian Rhythms and Cell Cycle in Intestinal Enteroids.

Endogenous circadian clocks play a key role in regulating a vast array of biological processes from cell cycle to metabolism, and disruption of circadian rhythms exacerbates a range of human ailments including cardiovascular, metabolic, and gastrointestinal diseases. Determining the state of a patient's circadian rhythms and clock-controlled signaling pathways has important implications for precision and personalized medicine, from improving the diagnosis of circadian-related disorders to optimizing the timing of drug delivery. Patient-derived 3-dimensional enteroids or in vitro "mini gut" is an attractive model uncovering human- and patient-specific circadian target genes that may be critical for personalized medicine.

Heat-Killed LRCC5314 Mitigates the Effects of Stress-Related Type 2 Diabetes in Mice via Gut Microbiome Modulation.

The incidence of stress-related type 2 diabetes (stress-T2D), which is aggravated by physiological stress, is increasing annually. The effects of , a key component of probiotics, have been widely studied in diabetes; however, studies on the effects of postbiotics are still limited. Here, we aimed to examine the mechanism through which heat-killed LRCC5314 (HK-LRCC5314) alleviates stress-T2D in a cold-induced stress-T2D C57BL/6 mouse model.

Lipoteichoic Acids Possess Strain-Specific Regulatory Effects on the Biofilm Formation of Dental Pathogenic Bacteria.

Bacterial biofilm residing in the oral cavity is closely related to the initiation and persistence of various dental diseases. Previously, we reported the anti-biofilm activity of lipoteichoic acid (Lp.LTA) on a representative dental cariogenic pathogen, .