Mixed-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma: Insights Into Clinical Behavior and Prognostic Implications Compared to Pure Low-Grade and High-Grade Urothelial Carcinomas.

Context.—: Low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LGUC) and high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) are distinguished based on architectural and cytologic features, with the anticipation that HGUC exhibits more aggressive behavior and a worse prognosis compared to LGUC. The current World Health Organization classification recognizes mixed-grade urothelial carcinoma (MGUC, for the purposes of this study) as a separate category that behaves like LGUC if the high-grade component is <5% and states that any tumor with ≥5% high-grade component should be graded as HGUC.

Heart rate variability and the risk of heart failure and its subtypes in post-menopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative study.

Background: Low heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic imbalance, is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF). However, its relationship with HF subtypes; heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) has not been studied prior.

Methods And Findings: We conducted a longitudinal study in Women's Health Initiative study cohort to investigate the association of baseline quartiles of resting heart rate (rHR) and HRV measures; SDNN (SD of normal-to-normal RR interval) and RMSSD (root mean square of successive difference of RR interval) measured by twelve-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) on enrollment, with the risk of hospitalized HF and its subtypes.

The association of walking pace and incident heart failure and subtypes among postmenopausal women.

Background: To investigate the association between walking pace and the risk of heart failure (HF) and HF sub-types.

Methods: We examined associations of self-reported walking pace with risk of incident HF and HF subtypes of preserved (HFpEF) and reduced (HFrEF) ejection fractions, among 25,183 postmenopausal women, ages 50-79 years. At enrollment into the Women's Health Initiative cohort in 1993-1998, this subset of women was free of HF, cancer, or the inability to walk one block, with self-reported information on walking pace and walking duration.

Investigation of Risk Factors Associated with Leptospirosis in the North of Iran (2011-2017).

Background: The risk factors for infection with leptospirosis in Iran have never been studied. We aimed to determine the risk factors of leptospirosis and the epidemiological pattern of this disease in Golestan Province, Iran during 2011-2017.

Study Design: A case-control study.