Multivariate ensemble classification for the prediction of symptoms in patients with Brugada syndrome.

Identification of asymptomatic patients at higher risk for suffering cardiac events remains controversial and challenging in Brugada syndrome (BS). In this work, we proposed an ECG-based classifier to predict BS-related symptoms, by merging the most predictive electrophysiological features derived from the ventricular depolarization and repolarization periods, along with autonomic-related markers. The initial feature space included local and dynamic ECG markers, assessed during a physical exercise test performed in 110 BS patients (25 symptomatic).

Health Outcomes from Home Hospitalization: Multisource Predictive Modeling.

Background: Home hospitalization is widely accepted as a cost-effective alternative to conventional hospitalization for selected patients. A recent analysis of the home hospitalization and early discharge (HH/ED) program at Hospital Clínic de Barcelona over a 10-year period demonstrated high levels of acceptance by patients and professionals, as well as health value-based generation at the provider and health-system levels. However, health risk assessment was identified as an unmet need with the potential to enhance clinical decision making.

Class Imbalance Impact on the Prediction of Complications during Home Hospitalization: A Comparative Study.

Home hospitalization (HH) is presented as a healthcare alternative capable of providing high standards of care when patients no longer need hospital facilities. Although HH seems to lower healthcare costs by shortening hospital stays and improving patient's quality of life, the lack of continuous observation at home may lead to complications in some patients. Since blood tests have been proven to provide relevant prognosis information in many diseases, this paper analyzes the impact of different sampling methods on the prediction of HH outcomes.

Recursive model identification for the analysis of the autonomic response to exercise testing in Brugada syndrome.

This paper proposes the integration and analysis of a closed-loop model of the baroreflex and cardiovascular systems, focused on a time-varying estimation of the autonomic modulation of heart rate in Brugada syndrome (BS), during exercise and subsequent recovery. Patient-specific models of 44 BS patients at different levels of risk (symptomatic and asymptomatic) were identified through a recursive evolutionary algorithm. After parameter identification, a close match between experimental and simulated signals (mean error = 0.

Global Sensitivity Analysis of a Cardiovascular Model for the Study of the Autonomic Response to Head-up Tilt Testing.

This paper proposes the integration and analysis of a mathematical model representing the cardiovascular system and its short-term autonomic response to head-up tilt (HUT) testing. A Latin Hypercube Sampling method was applied to design an optimal experimental space, including 19 model parameters coming from the cardiovascular and baroreflex control systems. Then, a global, variance-based sensitivity analysis was applied to quantity the effects of these parameters on heart rate and systolic blood pressure.

Model-based analysis of the autonomic response to head-up tilt testing in Brugada syndrome.

The etiology of Brugada syndrome (BS) is complex and multifactorial, making risk stratification in this population a major challenge. Since changes in the autonomic modulation of these patients are commonly related to arrhythmic events, we analyze in this work whether the response to head-up tilt (HUT) testing on this population may provide useful, complementary information for risk stratification. In order to perform this analysis, a coupled physiological model integrating the cardiac electrical activity, the cardiovascular system and the baroreceptors reflex control of the autonomic function, in response to HUT is proposed.

Sex Differences in Autonomic Response to Exercise Testing in Patients with Brugada Syndrome.

Introduction: Cardiac events in patients with Brugada syndrome (BS) typically occur at rest and mainly during sleep, suggesting that changes in autonomic modulation play an important role in the arrhythmogenesis of the disease. Moreover, sex differences in clinical manifestations of BS have been reported, identifying male patients with worse prognosis. The aim of our work was to assess and compare, according to sex, autonomic response to exercise in a clinical series including 105 BS patients.

Multivariate classification of Brugada syndrome patients based on autonomic response to exercise testing.

Ventricular arrhythmias in Brugada syndrome (BS) typically occur at rest and especially during sleep, suggesting that changes in the autonomic modulation may play an important role in arrhythmogenesis. The autonomic response to exercise and subsequent recovery was evaluated on 105 patients diagnosed with BS (twenty-four were symptomatic), by means of a time-frequency heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, so as to propose a novel predictive model capable of distinguishing symptomatic and asymptomatic BS populations. During incremental exercise, symptomatic patients showed higher HFnu values, probably related to an increased parasympathetic modulation, with respect to asymptomatic subjects.

Analysis of a cardiovascular model for the study of the autonomic response of Brugada syndrome patients.

This paper describes the integration of mathematical models of the cardiac electrical activity, the cardiovascular system and the baroreceptor reflex control of the autonomic nervous system, with a model representing a head-up tilt test. Sensitivity analyses are performed in order to determine those model parameters producing the greatest significant effects on heart rate and blood pressure. An optimization step is then applied to the most influential parameters in order to find the best model fit to real cardiac data obtained from a patient suffering from Brugada syndrome and a healthy subject, in supine and upright postures during a tilt test.

Left Atrial Geometry Improves Risk Prediction of Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Left atrial (LA) sphericity (LASP) is a new remodeling parameter based on LA shape analysis, with independent predictive value for recurrence after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between LASP and thromboembolic events (TE) in patients with AF.

Methods: Twenty-nine AF patients and prior TE and 29 age- and gender-matched controls were included.

Contact force threshold for permanent lesion formation in atrial fibrillation ablation: A cardiac magnetic resonance-based study to detect ablation gaps.

Background: Catheter contact force (CF) has a strong correlation with lesion formation during radiofrequency ablation. Delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) provides lesion information in patients with prior atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the CF threshold to create permanent lesions detected by DE-CMR.

Left atrial tachycardia after atrial fibrillation ablation: can magnetic resonance imaging assist the ablation?

We present a case of a magnetic resonance imaging-assisted ablation of an atrial tachycardia in a patient with previous atrial fibrillation ablation. A 3-D reconstruction of the delayed-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR; CMR model) was created to identify previous ablation lesions and gaps. Multiple gaps around right-sided pulmonary veins were observed.

A wavelet-based electrogram onset delineator for automatic ventricular activation mapping.

Electroanatomical mapping (EAM) systems are commonly used in clinical practice for guiding catheter ablation treatments of common arrhythmias. In focal tachycardias, the ablation target is defined by locating the earliest activation area determined by the joint analysis of electrogram (EGM) signals at different sites. However, this is currently a manual time-consuming and experience-dependent task performed during the intervention and thus prone to stress-related errors.

Automatic assessment of socioeconomic impact on cardiac rehabilitation.

Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs), which capture life expectancy and quality of the remaining life-years, are applied in a new method to measure socioeconomic impacts related to health. A 7-step methodology estimating the impact of health interventions based on DALYs, QALYs and functioning changes is presented. It relates the latter (1) to the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire (2) to automatically calculate the health status before and after the intervention (3).