Background Information: Mitosis is crucial for the faithful transmission of genetic material, and disruptions can result in chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of cancer. CIN is a known driver of tumor heterogeneity and anti-cancer drug resistance, thus highlighting the need to assess CIN levels in cancer cells to design effective targeted therapy. While micronuclei are widely recognized as CIN markers, we have recently identified the toroidal nucleus, a novel ring-shaped nuclear phenotype arising as well from chromosome mis-segregation.
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