Cannabis use among adolescents and emerging adults who use e-cigarettes: Findings from an online, national U.S. Sample.

Concurrent use of e-cigarettes and cannabis among adolescents and emerging adults is a growing public health concern. More research is needed describing cannabis use among adolescents and emerging adults who vape. The objective of this study was to characterize cannabis use among adolescents and emerging adults (age 14-20) who reported e-cigarette ever-use, particularly their use of blunts and liquid cannabis vape (LCV) products.

Use of Emerging and Conventional Oral Tobacco Among Adolescent and Young Adult E-Cigarette Users.

National surveillance assessing use of novel oral tobacco products (OTPs; nicotine pouches, lozenges, and gums not approved for tobacco cessation) among adolescents and young adults is limited. To assess OTP behaviors in a sample of adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users, including use prevalence, dual/poly use with other products, and associated demographics. A national (United States) cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to April 2021 among 2253 participants (ages 14-20; 65% female) who ever used e-cigarettes ≥3 times.

Trends in postgraduate dental training in the United States.

Objective: This study examines the individual, educational, and policy factors that predict dentists pursuing postgraduate dental (PGD) training.

Methods: Individual dentist records from the 2017 American Dental Association Masterfile were linked with pre-doctoral training attributes and state-level dental policy factors. Generalized logistic models, adjusted for individual, educational, and policy factors, were used to predict: (1) attending any PGD program, and (2) primary (i.

Practice patterns of postgraduate trained dentists in the United States.

Objective: Postgraduate dental (PGD) primary care training has grown significantly. This study examines the individual, educational, community, and policy factors that predict practice patterns of PGD-trained dentists.

Study Design: Individual dentist records from the 2017 American Dental Association Masterfile, with indicators of Medicaid participation and practice in a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC), were linked to postdoctoral training, community/practice location, and state policy factors.

Preferences, use, and perceived access to flavored e-cigarettes among United States adolescents and young adults.

Background: Citing concern over youth use, the Food and Drug Administration announced a prioritized enforcement policy against cartridge-based (reusable pod) e-cigarettes in non-menthol, non-tobacco flavors, effective February 2020. Data are needed regarding youth e-cigarette access and use behaviors following this policy.

Methods: This cross-sectional national (USA) online panel survey, conducted March/April 2021, included 2253 participants ages 14-20 who ever used e-cigarettes ≥3 times (73% past 30-day users).

A longitudinal cohort study of opioid prescriptions associated with nonsurgical dental visits among Oregon and New York state Medicaid beneficiaries, 2014-2016.

Background: Studies estimate that approximately one-third of all opioid prescriptions (Rxs) from dentists are associated with nonsurgical dental procedures, which suggests unwarranted opioid use.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of adult Medicaid beneficiaries using administrative claims data from New York (NY) and Oregon (OR) (2014-2016) to examine opioid Rxs associated with nonsurgical dental visits. The primary outcomes were the number of all opioid Rxs from dentists compared with nondentists, number of opioid Rxs associated with surgical and nonsurgical dental visits, time to subsequent dental visits and visit type, and total dental morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) received during the 90 days after an opioid-related, nonsurgical dental visit.

Dental Therapists in the United States: Health Equity, Advancing.

Background: Dental therapists (DTs) are primary care dental providers, used globally, and were introduced in the United States (US) in 2005. DTs have now been adopted in 13 states and several Tribal nations.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to qualitatively examine the drivers and outcomes of the US dental therapy movement through a health equity lens, including community engagement, implementation and dissemination, and access to oral health care.

Flavored Cannabis Product Use Among Adolescents in California.

Given the well-documented role of flavors in encouraging tobacco use among adolescents and diversity of the cannabis market, we describe flavored cannabis product use, both smoked and aerosolized ("vaped"), among a sample of adolescents. We surveyed 1,423 students in 8 Northern and Central California public high schools (2019-2020) to record flavored tobacco and cannabis use. Among past 30-day cannabis users, use of flavored cannabis, most often fruit-flavored, was common for smoked (48.

Beverage Advertisement Receptivity Associated With Sugary Drink Intake and Harm Perceptions Among California Adolescents.

Purpose: Evaluate associations of adolescents' beverage marketing receptivity with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) perceived harm and intake.

Design: School-based cross-sectional health behavior survey.

Setting: Seven rural schools in California, 2019-2020.

Electronic cigarette and moist snuff product characteristics independently associated with youth tobacco product perceptions.

Introduction: Tobacco product characteristics convey product attributes to potential users. This study aimed to assess independent contributions of specific e-cigarette and smokeless tobacco product characteristics to adolescents' perceptions about these products.

Methods: In 2019-2020, students (N=1003) attending a convenience sample of 7 high schools in California (USA) were individually randomized to one of two discrete choice experiments, featuring either electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or moist snuff.

A bimodular PKS platform that expands the biological design space.

Traditionally engineered to produce novel bioactive molecules, Type I modular polyketide synthases (PKSs) could be engineered as a new biosynthetic platform for the production of de novo fuels, commodity chemicals, and specialty chemicals. Previously, our investigations manipulated the first module of the lipomycin PKS to produce short chain ketones, 3-hydroxy acids, and saturated, branched carboxylic acids. Building upon this work, we have expanded to multi-modular systems by engineering the first two modules of lipomycin to generate unnatural polyketides as potential biofuels and specialty chemicals in Streptomyces albus.

Chemoinformatic-Guided Engineering of Polyketide Synthases.

Polyketide synthase (PKS) engineering is an attractive method to generate new molecules such as commodity, fine and specialty chemicals. A significant challenge is re-engineering a partially reductive PKS module to produce a saturated β-carbon through a reductive loop (RL) exchange. In this work, we sought to establish that chemoinformatics, a field traditionally used in drug discovery, offers a viable strategy for RL exchanges.