Simplified determination of the content and average degree of acetylation of chitin in crude black soldier fly larvae samples.

Insects are considered a promising alternative protein source for food and feed, but contain significant amounts of chitin, often undesirable due to indigestibility, disagreeable texture and negative effect on nutrients intake. Fractionation strategies are thus increasingly being applied to isolate and valorize chitin separately. The analysis of chitin generally requires an intensive pretreatment to remove impurities, and derivatization to generate sufficient detector response.

Continuous production of pectic oligosaccharides from sugar beet pulp in a cross flow continuous enzyme membrane reactor.

Sugar beet pulp pectin is an attractive source for the production of pectic oligosaccharides, an emerging class of potential prebiotics. The main aim of the present work was to investigate a new process allowing to produce pectic oligosaccharides in a continuous way by means of a cross flow enzyme membrane reactor while using a low-cost crude enzyme mixture (viscozyme). Preliminary experiments in batch and semi-continuous setups allowed to identify suitable enzyme concentrations and assessing filtration suitability.

Supercritical CO₂ Extraction of sp.: A Lipidomic Study on the Influence of Pretreatment on Yield and Composition.

Algal lipids have gained wide interest in various applications ranging from biofuels to nutraceuticals. Given their complex nature composed of different lipid classes, a deep knowledge between extraction conditions and lipid characteristics is essential. In this paper, we investigated the influence of different pretreatments on lipid extraction with supercritical CO₂ by a lipidomic approach.

Continuous production of pectic oligosaccharides from onion skins with an enzyme membrane reactor.

The aim of this research was to valorize onion skins, an under-utilized agricultural by-product, into pectic oligosaccharides (POS), compounds with potential health benefits. To achieve high hydrolysis performance with the multi-activity enzyme Viscozyme L, an innovative approach was investigated based on a cross-flow continuous membrane enzyme bioreactor (EMR). The influence of the various process conditions (residence time, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration) was investigated on productivity and yield.

Enzymatic production of pectic oligosaccharides from onion skins.

Onion skins are evaluated as a new raw material for the enzymatic production of pectic oligosaccharides (POS) with a targeted degree of polymerization (DP). The process is based on a two-stage process consisting of a chelator-based crude pectin extraction followed by a controlled enzymatic hydrolysis. Treatment of the extracted crude onion skin's pectin with various enzymes (EPG-M2, Viscozyme and Pectinase) shows that EPG-M2 is the most appropriate enzyme for tailored POS production.

Enzymatic electrosynthesis of formate through CO2 sequestration/reduction in a bioelectrochemical system (BES).

Bioelectrochemical system (BES) was operated using the enzyme formate dehydrogenase as catalyst at cathode in its free form for the reduction of CO2 into formic acid. Electrosynthesis of formic acid was higher at an operational voltage of -1V vs. Ag/AgCl (9.

Kinetics of dechlorination by Dehalococcoides mccartyi using different carbon sources.

Stimulated anaerobic dechlorination is generally considered a valuable step for the remediation of aquifers polluted with chlorinated ethenes (CEs). Correct simulation and prediction of this process in situ, however, require good knowledge of the associated biological reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dechlorination reaction in an aquifer contaminated with trichloroethene (TCE) and its daughter products, discharging into the Zenne River.

Temporal variations in natural attenuation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in eutrophic river sediments impacted by a contaminated groundwater plume.

Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) often discharge into rivers as contaminated groundwater baseflow. Biotransformation, sorption and dilution of CAHs in the impacted river sediments have been reported to reduce discharge, but the effect of temporal variations in environmental conditions on the occurrence and extent of those processes in river sediments is largely unknown. We monitored the reduction of CAH discharge into the Zenne River during a 21-month period.

Factors determining the attenuation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in eutrohic river sediment impacted by discharging polluted groundwater.

This study explored the potential of eutrophic river sediment to attenuate the infiltration of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon (CAH)-polluted groundwater discharging into the Zenne River near Brussels, Belgium. Active CAH biodegradation by reductive dechlorination in the sediment was suggested by a high dechlorination activity in microcosms containing sediment samples and the detection of dechlorination products in sediment pore water. A unique hydrogeochemical evaluation, including a delta2H and delta18O stable isotope approach, allowed to determine the contribution of different abiotic and biotic CAH attenuation processes and to delineate their spatial distribution inthe riverbed.

Batch-test study on the dechlorination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in contaminated aquifer material by zero-valent iron.

Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are common groundwater contaminants. One possible remediation option is in-situ reductive dechlorination by zero-valent iron, either by direct injection or as reactive barriers. Chlorinated ethenes (tetrachloroethene: PCE; trichloroethene: TCE) have received extensive attention in this context.