Primary schools' readiness for SARS-CoV-2 preventive measures in Maputo City, Mozambique: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To reduce the spread and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), schools implemented a series of non-pharmacological interventions such as handwashing stations and cleaning protocols. A baseline assessment of the available interventions and readiness scores for SARS-CoV-2 prevention was conducted in primary schools in Maputo City, Mozambique.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August and October 2023.

Rethinking Low Testosterone in Older Men: Association With Obesity Rather Than Aging.

Objective: The decline in testosterone levels among older men remains a subject of debate. While some cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have reported a decrease in testosterone with advancing age, others have not observed this trend. In this study, we aimed to evaluate testosterone levels and identify predictors of low testosterone in an age-stratified cohort of men.

Dose-related effects of eugenol: Exploring renal functionality and morphology in healthy Wistar rats.

Eugenol has pharmacological properties, but its impact on renal function is limitedly studied. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of eugenol at 10, 20, and 40 mg kg, administered via gavage for 60 days, on histological, biochemical, oxidative, and proteomic parameters in rat kidneys. Adult Wistar rats treated with 10 mg kg of eugenol had kidneys with low total antioxidant capacity, high nitric oxide content, and high percentual of blood vessels, with no damage to renal function or morphology.

An Inducible Neural Stem Progenitor Cell Model for Testing Therapeutic Interventions Against Neurodegeneration FENIB.

Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB) is a neurodegenerative pathology caused by accumulation of mutant neuroserpin (NS) polymers inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of neurons, leading to cellular toxicity and neuronal death. To date, there is no cure for FENIB, and only palliative care is available for FENIB patients, underlining the urgency to develop therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this work was to create a cellular system designed for testing small molecules able to reduce the formation of NS polymers.

Aerospace Medical Association Proposed Research Priorities for Mental Health and Safety in Aviation.

Introduction: Aviation safety sensitive personnel (SSP) function in highly complex environments. SSP mental health is thought to support safety, efficiency, and overall health. Research is needed to identify how to optimize and screen mental health across aviation SSP, but no consensus exists on the research priorities that need to be met.

Utility of digital images captured after 4 h of incubation on a microbiology laboratory automation system in guiding the work-up of subcultures from positive blood cultures.

Unlabelled: Initial workup [e.g., identification (ID) and/or antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)] of bacterial growth on solid media traditionally occurs 16-24 h after sub-culturing of positive blood cultures (BC).

Factors associated with COVID-19 in-hospital death and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization in the Philippines during pre-omicron and omicron period: A case-control study (MOTIVATE-P study).

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are limited in low- and middle-income countries. A case-control study was conducted among COVID-19 and other pneumonia patients admitted to a hospital in the Philippines during the pre-Omicron and Omicron periods. To elucidate factors associated with in-hospital death, 1782 COVID-19 patients were assessed.

Double thoracic branch endoprosthesis to repair type IA endoleak after zone 2 thoracic branch endoprosthesis.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has become the first-line treatment modality for descending thoracic aortic diseases. Coverage of the aortic arch branches is often required to extend the proximal seal zones during thoracic endovascular aortic repair. The thoracic branch endoprosthesis (TBE) is the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved branched device for thoracic endovascular repair allowing for incorporation of the left subclavian artery.

Enhancing ultrasonic attenuation images through multi-frequency coupling with total nuclear variation.

Quantitative ultrasound is a non-invasive image modality that numerically characterizes tissues for medical diagnosis using acoustical parameters, such as the attenuation coefficient slope. A previous study introduced the total variation spectral log difference (TVSLD) method, which denoises spectral log ratios on a single-channel basis without inter-channel coupling. Therefore, this work proposes a multi-frequency joint framework by coupling information across frequency channels exploiting structural similarities among the spectral ratios to increase the quality of the attenuation images.

Cardiolipin deficiency disrupts CoQ-complex III interface in steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a progressive disorder marked by lipid accumulation, leading to steatohepatitis (MASH). A key feature of the transition to MASH involves oxidative stress resulting from defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Here, we show that pathological alterations in the lipid composition of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) directly instigate electron transfer inefficiency to promote oxidative stress.

Treatment Patterns and Health Care Resource Utilization of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Puerto Rico: The TREATLINES-ONCOLUNG Study.

Purpose: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is the third cause of death among patients with cancer in Puerto Rico (PR) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent. This study aims to describe the first-line treatment (1LT) and health care resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with NSCLC in PR.

BET inhibitors down-regulate the expression of the essential lncRNA in multiple myeloma through regulation of the transcription factor FLI1.

Not available.

Endovascular rescue of failed physician-modified multibranched endografts with fabric tear, using Gore thoracoabdominal multibranched endoprosthesis.

The thoracoabdominal multibranch endoprosthesis is a commercially available off-the-shelf four-vessel inner branched endograft for complex abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms. Type IIIb endoleak owing to fabric tear of fenestrated branched endovascular repair (FBEVAR) can be challenging, often requiring relining FBEVAR. Here, we present a case where thoracoabdominal multibranch endoprosthesis was used to reline the previous physician modified FBEVAR in a patient with a 10-cm extent IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm distal to the previous open extent I thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Hybrid approach to achieve secure distal seal zones during endovascular aortic repair in a patient with Marfan syndrome.

This report details a hybrid approach for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a patient with Marfan syndrome (MFS). A 34-year-old patient with MFS and prior open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair underwent bilateral common iliac artery interposition graft repair and endovascular aortic repair. The bifurcated stent graft was implanted into the previous thoracoabdominal graft proximally and iliac interposition grafts distally.

Preferred music listening for people living with dementia: Two home-based case studies discussing compilation process, autobiographical and biophysical responses.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia can be reduced through music listening. Little has been reported on home-based listening, compilation processes, or individual responses that include biophysiological data. We aim to provide new insights from two home-based case studies focused on specific music selections.

Loss of NAMPT and SIRT2 but not SIRT1 attenuate GLO1 expression and activity in human skeletal muscle.

Glyoxalase I (GLO1) is the primary enzyme for detoxification of the reactive dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MG). Loss of GLO1 promotes accumulation of MG resulting in a recapitulation of diabetic phenotypes. We previously demonstrated attenuated GLO1 protein in skeletal muscle from individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Effectiveness of CoronaVac in the prevention of COVID-19, a test-negative case-control study in Brazil.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two doses of CoronaVac in preventing SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic disease with virological confirmation, as well as in the prevention of COVID-19 moderate and severe cases. A test-negative unmatched case-control design was used, in which cases were patients with suspected COVID-19 (presenting at least two of the following symptoms: fever, chills, sore throat, headache, cough, runny nose, olfactory or taste disorders) with virological confirmation, and controls were those whose SARS-CoV-2 test was negative. As for exposure, participants were classified as unvaccinated, or vaccinated with a complete schedule.

Role of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts in neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions.

Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) mediate a close and continuous communication between both organelles that is essential for the transfer of calcium and lipids to mitochondria, necessary for cellular signalling and metabolic pathways. Their structural and molecular characterisation has shown the involvement of many proteins that bridge the membranes of the two organelles and maintain the structural stability and function of these contacts. The crosstalk between the two organelles is fundamental for proper neuronal function and is now recognised as a component of many neurological disorders.

An RNA interference approach for functional studies in the sea urchin and its use in analysis of nodal signaling gradients.

Dicer substrate interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) destroy targeted transcripts using the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) through a process called RNA interference (RNAi). This process is ubiquitous among eukaryotes. Here we report the utility of DsiRNA in embryos of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus (Lv).