Biometry and intraocular power calculation using a swept-source optical coherence tomography: A repeatability and agreement study.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability of biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) power using Galilei G6 and to determine the agreement of its measurements with those of IOL Master 700 and IOL Master 500.

Methods: Hundred mature cataract eyes were examined twice with Galilei G6 and the results were compared with those of other two devices. Axial length (AL), minimum (K1), maximum (K2), and mean keratometry, anterior chamber depth (ACD), white-to-white (WTW) diameter, lens thickness (LT), and the calculated IOL power were the studied parameters.

Comparison of transepithelial and conventional photorefractive keratectomy in myopic and myopic astigmatism patients: a randomized contralateral trial.

Background: To assess transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) in terms of corneal epithelial healing rate, postoperative pain, postoperative discomfort, and visual and refraction outcomes compared to mechanical epithelial debridement PRK (mPRK) and alcohol-assisted PRK (aaPRK).

Methods: In this double-masked, randomized clinical trial, thirty-nine patients underwent tPRK in one eye and mPRK in the fellow eye (arm A), and 33 patients underwent tPRK in one eye and aaPRK in the contralateral eye (arm B). All surgical procedures were done using the Schwind Amaris excimer laser.

The Relationship between Serum and Gene Expression Levels of RANK, RANKL and Osteoprotegerin Inflammatory Pathway with Unstable Angina: A Case-control Study.

 Osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), the members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, have multiple effects on bone metabolism, endocrine functions and, as an inflammatory pathway, in the immune system. This study tried to determine the association of the OPG/RANKL/RANK axis with the severity of unstable angina (UA) as an inflammatory condition. Our study involved 50 patients with UA and 50 healthy people.

Matched comparison of corneal higher order aberrations induced by SMILE to femtosecond assisted LASIK and to PRK in correcting moderate and high myopia: 3.00mm vs. 6.00mm.

Background: The refractive surgeries induce corneal higher order aberrations (C-HOAs). In this study, change of C-HOAs after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) compared to femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK), and to photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin-C (PRK) under photopic and mesopic conditions.

Methods: In this prospective study, age, gender, and apical corneal thickness (ACT) matched cases with moderate myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) 3.

Keratoconus detection by novel indices in patients with Down syndrome: a cohort population-based study.

Purpose: To use novel indices to determine the prevalence of KC and its progression in patients aged 10-30 years with Down syndrome.

Study Design: Cohort population-based study.

Methods: Two hundred twenty-six of 250 invited Down syndrome patients were enrolled.

The efficacy of standard versus accelerated epi-off corneal cross-linking protocols: a systematic review and sub-group analysis.

Purpose: To compare the one-year efficacy of accelerated and standard 5.4 J/cm protocols of cross-linking (CXL) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

Methods: In this systematic review, two members of the research team searched Scopus, Pubmed, ISI, Ovid, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases independently for publications between January 2010 and December 2016.

Multipoint assessment of demarcation line depth after standard and accelerated cross-linking in central and inferior keratoconus.

Purpose: To determine the changes in the depth of the demarcation line in the central to peripheral cornea following accelerated compared to standard corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Methods: In this prospective, non-randomized study, 60 eyes with progressive keratoconus underwent accelerated or standard CXL (30 in each group). Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was done one month later by two independent masked examiners to measure the depth of the demarcation line in the central cornea and on peripheral rings.

Small diameter helical vascular scaffolds support endothelial cell survival.

There is an acute clinical need for small-diameter vascular grafts as a treatment option for cardiovascular disease. Here, we used an intelligent design system to recreate the natural structure and hemodynamics of small arteries. Nano-fibrous tubular scaffolds were fabricated from blends of polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin with inner helices to allow a near physiological spiral flow profile, using the electrospinning technique.

Two-year results of femtosecond assisted LASIK versus PRK for different severity of astigmatism.

Purpose: To compare two-year results of femtosecond laser assisted LASIK (femto-LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in terms of astigmatism correction in patients with less than 2.0 diopters (D) of spherical error and more than 2.0 D of cylinder error.

Mesopic Quality of Vision after Accelerated 18 mW/cm Corneal Cross-linking: Mid-term Results.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine 2-year changes in mesopic higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and contrast sensitivity (CS) after accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) in keratoconus patients.

Materials And Methods: In this before-after interventional case series, patients with progressive keratoconus were subjected to accelerated CXL (18 mW/cm, 5 min). Patients were examined with the OPD-Scan III and CVS-1000 grating charts under mesopic conditions at baseline and at 12 and 24 months after CXL.

Chronic subclinical inflammation after phakic intraocular lenses implantation: Comparison between Artisan and Artiflex models.

Purpose: To compare chronic subclinical inflammation induced after implantation of Artisan vs. Artiflex phakic intraocular lenses (pIOLs).

Methods: This prospective, comparative, non-randomized study included consecutive patients with moderate to high myopia who underwent Artisan or Artiflex pIOL implantation with standard surgery and postoperative care.

Corneal Biomechanics After Accelerated Cross-linking: Comparison Between 18 and 9 mW/cm Protocols.

Purpose: To determine 1-year corneal biomechanical changes after accelerated corneal cross-linking in patients with progressive keratoconus and compare them between 5-minute (18 mW/cm) and 10-minute (9 mW/cm) protocols.

Methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, cases in both groups were examined with the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST; Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after treatment. Extracted indices included intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), first and second applanation times, lengths, and velocities (T1, T2, L1, L2, V1, and V2), highest concavity time (HCT), deformation amplitude (DA), peak distance between bending points, and radius of curvature.

Scotopic contrast sensitivity and glare after accelerated corneal cross-linking.

Background: The aim was to assess one-year changes in uncorrected and corrected contrast sensitivity (CS) and glare under scotopic conditions after accelerated cross-linking (CXL) using the 18 mW/cm protocol for the treatment of progressive keratoconus and compare results with unoperated controls.

Methods: In this non-randomised clinical trial, 30 eyes were enrolled in the CXL group and 30 were assigned to the control group. Scotopic CS at spatial frequencies (SFs) of 0.

Photopic, Mesopic, and Scotopic Visual Acuity After 18 mW/cm2 Accelerated Corneal Cross-Linking.

Objectives: One-year changes in uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity under different lighting conditions after accelerated cross-linking (CXL) in patients with progressive keratoconus in comparison with nontreated cases.

Methods: In this nonrandomized clinical trial, the sample included 50 eyes in the CXL group and 40 eyes in the control group. Visual acuity was tested under photopic (100 lux), mesopic (20 lux), and scotopic (0.

Mid-Term Results of a Single Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment for Mild to Moderate Progressive Keratoconus.

Purpose: To study the mid-term effects of implanting a single intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) for treatment of mild to moderate progressive keratoconus.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with progressive keratoconus treated with ICRS. The mean follow-up time was 15.

Femtosecond-Assisted LASIK Versus PRK: Comparison of 6-Month Visual Acuity and Quality Outcome for High Myopia.

Objective: To compare the results of femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C (PRK-MMC) for the correction of myopia more than 7.0 diopters (D).

Methods: In this comparative nonrandomized trial, 60 eyes (30 eyes in each group) were enrolled.

Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK versus PRK for high myopia: comparison of 18-month visual acuity and quality.

Purpose: To compare 18-month outcomes between femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (femto-LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin-C (PRK-MMC) for myopia of more than 7.0 D in terms of visual acuity and quality.

Methods: In this comparative nonrandomized clinical trial, 60 eyes from 30 patients (30 eyes in each group) were enrolled.

Investigation of the composition of arterial plaques based on arterial waveforms and material properties.

Stroke is mainly caused by a narrowing of the carotid artery from a build-up of plaque. The risk of plaque rupture and subsequent stroke is dependent on plaque composition. Advances in imaging modalities offer a non-invasive means to assess the health of blood vessels and detect damage.

Association between Refractive Errors and Ocular Biometry in Iranian Adults.

Purpose: To investigate the association between ocular biometrics such as axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and corneal power (CP) with different refractive errors.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study on the 40 to 64-year-old population of Shahroud, random cluster sampling was performed. Ocular biometrics were measured using the Allegro Biograph (WaveLight AG, Erlangen, Germany) for all participants.

The location of incision in cataract surgery and its impact on induced astigmatism.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of the present study is a systematic review of previous studies on choosing the best incision site for the correction of astigmatism in cataract surgery and assessing the amount of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) with each approach.

Recent Findings: Regardless of astigmatism axis, studies show that using an on-axis incision is associated with favorable results for 0.5-1.

Biophysical and biological characterisation of collagen/resilin-like protein composite fibres.

Collagen type I, in various physical forms, is widely used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To control the mechanical properties and biodegradability of collagen-based devices, exogenous cross-links are introduced into the 3D supramolecular structure. However, potent cross-linking methods are associated with cytotoxicity, whilst mild cross-linking methods are associated with suboptimal mechanical resilience.

Long-term Results of an Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking Protocol (18 mW/cm2) for the Treatment of Progressive Keratoconus.

Purpose: To compare the long-term outcomes of accelerated and standard corneal cross-linking protocols in the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Methods: Thirty-one eyes with keratoconus were treated with an accelerated protocol (18 mW/cm(2), 5 min) and all contralateral eyes were treated with the standard method (3 mW/cm(2), 30 min) using the same overall fluence of 5.

Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in the Treatment of Progressive Keratoconus: A Randomized Controlled Contralateral Eye Study.

Background: To assess the short-term efficacy and safety of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in preventing the progression of keratoconus (KCN).

Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 26 patients diagnosed with bilateral progressive KCN and were eligible for CXL. In each patient, one eye was randomly selected for treatment, and the contralateral eye served as the control.

Matched optical quality comparison of 3-year results of PRK-MMC and phakic IOL implantation in the correction of high myopia.

Aims: To compare 3-year results of PRK-MMC and phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation in patients with >8.0 diopters (D) of myopia.

Methods: This study was conducted as a non-randomized clinical trial on 23 eyes treated with PIOL (Artiflex; group A) and 23 eyes treated with PRK-MMC (group B).