Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in depressed patients.

Introduction: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire is capable of covering different stages of sleep, and it is regarded as one of the best ones available, and checking for its validity and reliability among depressed patients is a step in this direction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires in patients with depression.

Methods: In this study, 93 depressed patients were in the study group, and 100 patients were in the control group.

Prediction of insomnia severity based on cognitive, metacognitive, and emotional variables in college students.

Objective: Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder whose origin is attributed to various variables. The current study aims to predict the symptoms of insomnia by investigating some of its predictors.

Methods: Numerous variables such as depression and anxiety symptoms, worry, pre-sleep arousal (cognitive arousal and somatic arousal), dysfunctional cognitions, and metacognitive beliefs about sleep were assessed as insomnia predictors.