Integrative Metagenomic Analyses Reveal Gut Microbiota-Derived Multiple Hits Connected to Development of Diabetes Mellitus.

Background/objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with gut dysbiosis. To investigate the association between gut microbiota and T2DM in a Saudi Arabian population.

Methods: We conducted a comparative analysis of fecal microbiota from 35 individuals, including both T2DM patients and healthy controls.

Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Breast Cancer Development and Its Implications in Treatment.

The human digestive system contains approximately 100 trillion bacteria. The gut microbiota is an emerging field of research that is associated with specific biological processes in many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, brain disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota affects the response to anticancer therapies by modulating the host immune system.

Carbon Dioxide Evolution in Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries.

Gas evolution reactions in aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) cause gas accumulation and battery swelling that negatively affect their performance. However, previous work often reported hydrogen as the main, if not the only, gas species evolved in AZMBs; the complexity of gas evolution has been overlooked. For the first time, this work found the CO evolution reaction (CER) in AZMBs, pinpointed its sources, and identified electrolyte modulation strategies.

Do different wheat ploidy levels respond differently against stripe rust infection: Interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense system?

Wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) is the most damaging wheat disease, causing substantial losses in global wheat production and productivity.

Metagenomic Analysis of Sediment Bacterial Diversity and Composition in Natural Lakes and Artificial Waterpoints of Tabuk Region in King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Royal Natural Reserve, Saudi Arabia.

The Tabuk region is located in the northern part of Saudi Arabia, and it has an area of 117,000 km between longitudes 26° N and 29° N and latitudes 34° E and 38° E. King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Royal Natural Reserve (KSRNR) is the largest natural reserve in Saudi Arabia and covers about 130,700 km. It represents a new tourist attraction area in the Tabuk region.

Identification of Novel Genomic Variants in COVID-19 Patients Using Whole-Exome Sequencing: Exploring the Plausible Targets of Functional Genomics.

Covid-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has emerged as an immense burden and an unparalleled global health challenge in recorded human history. The clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 exhibit considerable variability, leading to a spectrum of clinical severity. Moreover, the likelihood of exposure to the virus may differ based on comorbidity status as comorbid illnesses have mechanisms that can considerably increase mortality by reducing the body's ability to withstand injury.

Drought-tolerant wheat for enhancing global food security.

Wheat is among the most produced grain crops of the world and alone provides a fifth of the world's calories and protein. Wheat has played a key role in food security since the crop served as a Neolithic founder crop for the establishment of world agriculture. Projections showing a decline in global wheat yields in changing climates imply that food security targets could be jeopardized.

Unlocking the Secrets of Extracellular Vesicles: Orchestrating Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics in Metastasis, Drug Resistance, and Immune Evasion.

Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are gaining increasing recognition as central contributors to the intricate landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This manuscript provides an extensive examination of the multifaceted roles played by EVs in shaping the TME, with a particular emphasis on their involvement in metastasis, drug resistance, and immune evasion. Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells disseminate to distant sites, remains a formidable challenge in cancer management.

XIII Consenso SIBEN sobre Traslado Neonatal: Establecer protocolos estructurados para el proceso del traslado neonatal podría mejorar los desenlaces.

La centralización de los partos de alto riesgo en los hospitales con el más alto nivel de atención es fundamental para ampliar el margen de seguridad materno-neonatal y mejorar los desenlaces. Por lo tanto, es altamente recomendable trasladar oportunamente a las pacientes gestantes portadoras de embarazos de alto riesgo y/o con amenazas de parto pretérmino a centros de atención terciaria, sin embargo, no siempre es posible anticipar los riesgos antenatalmente, lo cual resulta en la necesidad de trasladar a neonatos en estado crítico. Lamentablemente, la movilización de los recién nacidos compromete aún más su estado de salud, especialmente en los países latinoamericanos.

Unravelling the Reasons Behind Limited Response to Anti-PD Therapy in ATC: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Checkpoints.

Inhibiting the immune checkpoint (ICP) PD-1 based on PD-L1 expression status has revolutionized the treatment of various cancers, yet its efficacy in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) remains limited. The therapeutic response depends upon multiple factors, particularly the conduciveness of the tumor's immune milieu. This study comprehensively evaluated and classified ATC's immune microenvironment (IME) to elucidate the factors behind suboptimal response to anti-PD therapy.

: A Halophyte Model to Study Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Potential Useful Crop for Sustainable Saline Agriculture in the Context of Climate Change.

Salinity is an increasing problem for agriculture. Most plant species tolerate low or, at best, moderate soil salinities. However, a small (<1%) proportion of species, termed halophytes, can survive and complete their life cycle in natural habitats with salinities equivalent to 200 mM NaCl or more.

Unravelling the antianxiety activity of various fractions of aerial parts of Wall. Ex Benth., by implicated through computational studies.

There has been increasing interest in biologically active plant extracts. Studies continue to discover novel components, especially those with anti-anxiety activities. The present study investigates the anxiolytic activity of Wall.

"Understanding and treating baras (vitiligo) in unani medicine: historical perspectives, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches".

Vitiligo, also known as baras in Unani medicine, causes patches of depigmented skin due to the loss of melanocytes. According to ancient Unani scholars, factors like excessive phlegm in the blood and weakened color-controlling power were believed to be the cause. This study dives into the historical insights of luminaries like Majūsī and Hakim Akbar Arzānī, alongside modern medical understanding.

Association of iron deficiency anaemia with the hospitalization and mortality rate of patients with COVID‑19.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) illness led to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has caused enormous health and financial losses, as well as challenges to global health. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) has been linked to adverse outcomes in patients infected with SARS-COV-2. The present study aimed to assess the association between IDA and the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.

Integrating network analysis with differential expression to uncover therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for over 90% of all esophageal tumors. However, the molecular mechanism underlying ESCC development and prognosis remains unclear, and there are still no effective molecular biomarkers for diagnosing or predicting the clinical outcome of patients with ESCC. Here, we used bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC.

Exploring the Association of Biochemical Characterization and Genetic Determinants of TNF-α, CXCR2, and CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation with Predisposition to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Unlabelled: PCOS is a heterogeneous, multifactorial endocrine disorder with a complex pathophysiology. It is a globally rising infertility disorder that affects a large percentage of women of reproductive age, with a relatively high prevalence of 8-13%. Genome-wide association studies have revealed associations of genetic variations with many diseases, including PCOS.

Bioremediation of Brilliant Green cationic dye from water using Nutraceutical Industrial Coriander Seed Spent as an adsorbent: adsorption isotherms, kinetic models, and thermodynamic studies.

The article details a feasibility study of removing Brilliant Green (BG), a mutagenic dye from an aqueous solution by adsorption using low-cost coriander seed spent as a by-product in the nutraceutical industry. The study includes an analysis of the parameters that affect the adsorption process. The variables that have been identified include pH, dye concentration, process temperature, adsorbent amount, and particle size of the adsorbent.

A practical approach to demonstrate the circular economy in remediation of textile dyes using nutraceutical industrial spent.

We used Nutraceutical Industrial Coriander Seed Spent (NICSS), a readily available, cheap, eco-friendly, and ready-to-use material, as an innovative adsorbent for the bioremediation of a bisazo Acid Red 119 (AR 119) dye, which is likely a mutagen from textile industrial effluents (TIE). A laboratory-scale experiment was tailored to demonstrate the framework of the circular economy (CE) in the remediation of textile dyes using Nutraceutical Industrial Spent to align with the principles of sustainability and valorization. An experimental value of 97.

Emerging role of sphingolipids and extracellular vesicles in development and therapeutics of cardiovascular diseases.

Sphingolipids are eighteen carbon alcohol lipids synthesized from non-sphingolipid precursors in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The sphingolipids serve as precursors for a vast range of moieties found in our cells that play a critical role in various cellular processes, including cell division, senescence, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, nutrition intake, metabolism, and protein synthesis. In CVDs, different subclasses of sphingolipids and other derived molecules such as sphingomyelin (SM), ceramides (CERs), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are directly related to diabetic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension, and atherogenesis.

Prospects of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture.

Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient for various plant processes, is generally a limiting soil component for crop growth and yields. Organic and inorganic types of P are copious in soils, but their phyto-availability is limited as it is present largely in insoluble forms. Although phosphate fertilizers are applied in P-deficit soils, their undue use negatively impacts soil quality and the environment.

Radiological assessment of radon in groundwater of the northernmost Kashmir Basin, northwestern Himalaya.

This study investigates the radon concentration in groundwater in Kupwara, the northernmost district of the Kashmir valley. It further assesses the annual effective dose experienced by the district's diverse population-infants, children, and adults-attributable to both inhalation of airborne radon released from drinking water and direct ingestion. In addition to this, the calculation of gamma dose rate is also carried out at each of the sampling site of radon.

The Role of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines CCL-1, 2, 4, and 5 in the Etiopathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Subjects from the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia: Correlation with Different Degrees of Obesity.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a major global health concern, especially in developing nations. The high prevalence of obesity and related diabetes cases are attributed to rapid economic progress, physical inactivity, the consumption of high-calorie foods, and changing lifestyles.

Objectives: We investigated the roles of pro-inflammatory chemokines CCL1, 2, 4, and 5 in T2DM with varying levels of obesity in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia.