The diverse roles of histone 2B monoubiquitination in the life of plants.

Covalent modification of histones is an important tool for gene transcriptional control in eukaryotes, which coordinates growth, development, and adaptation to environmental changes. In recent years, an important role for monoubiquitination of histone 2B (H2B) has emerged in plants, where it is associated with transcriptional activation. In this review, we discuss the dynamics of the H2B monoubiquitination system in plants and its role in regulating developmental processes including flowering, circadian rhythm, photomorphogenesis, and the response to abiotic and biotic stress including drought, salinity, and fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens.

Capsicum-infecting begomoviruses as global pathogens: host-virus interplay, pathogenesis, and management.

Whitefly-transmitted begomoviruses are among the major threats to the cultivation of Capsicum spp. (Family: Solanaceae) worldwide. Capsicum-infecting begomoviruses (CIBs) have a broad host range and are commonly found in mixed infections, which, in turn, fuels the emergence of better-adapted species through intraspecies and interspecies recombination.

Nicotiana benthamiana phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase type II regulates chilli leaf curl virus pathogenesis.

Geminiviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses that can cause significant losses in economically important crops. In recent years, the role of different kinases in geminivirus pathogenesis has been emphasized. Although geminiviruses use several host kinases, the role of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) remains obscure.