Mechanisms Underlying Gender Influence on the Clinical Course and Immunopathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Explorative Review.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with a complex clinical course and diverse presentations. The immunopathogenesis of SLE has long intrigued physicians and researchers. Despite its extensive global prevalence, there is no specific treatment to prevent and treat SLE, and in the majority of SLE patients, the management involves controlling disease remissions and symptom reactivations or flares.

Harnessing Walnut-Based Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: A Sustainable Approach to Combat the Disease Complex of and in Cowpea.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) exhibit diverse applications, including antimicrobial, UV-blocking, and catalytic properties, due to their unique structure and properties. This study focused on the characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized from Juglans regia leaves and their application in mitigating the impact of simultaneous infection by (root-knot nematode) and (root-rot fungus) in cowpea plants. The characterization of ZnO NPs was carried out through various analytical techniques, including UV-visible spectrophotometry, Powder-XRD analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX analysis.

Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy in reducing severity of mirror movements in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

To determine the effec t of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT ) in improving hand function and reduction in severity of mirror movements in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy who have mirror movement disorder. Spastic hemiplegic CP children of either gender, aged 6 to 16 years, with mirror movements of grade 1 and 2 who were able to make a gross grip, were included in this single arm feasibility study. CIMT was provided as an intervention to these children for six hours per day for 15 consecutive week days.

Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) Vaccine Among Adolescents (Aged 12-15 Years): An Observational Study in Qatar.

In May 2021, Qatar launched the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine campaign for adolescents aged 12 to 15 years across all 27 health centers. Our study assessed the safety and efficacy of the vaccine among vaccinated and nonvaccinated adolescents in Qatar. Using a retrospective observational study, we analyzed the medical records of 1956 adolescents who were severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive from June 17 to December 17, 2021.

Sero-molecular epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis virus in swine population of western Uttar Pradesh, India: Unraveling the geographical expansion of the virus.

Background & Objectives: Swine is a good sentinel for forecast of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) outbreaks in humans. The present study was envisaged with objectives to know the sero-conversion period of JEV and to assess the prevalence of JEV in swine population of western Uttar Pradesh state of India.

Methods: A total of 252 swine serum samples were screened using IgM ELISA over the period of one year to determine the sero-conversion rate and compared seasonally to check the transmission peak of virus.

Robot-assisted screw fixation in a cadaver utilizing magnetic resonance imaging-based synthetic computed tomography: toward radiation-free spine surgery. Illustrative case.

Background: Synthetic computed tomography (sCT) can be created from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing newer software. sCT is yet to be explored as a possible alternative to routine CT (rCT). In this study, rCT scans and MRI-derived sCT scans were obtained on a cadaver.

Uncertainty in phosphorus fluxes and budgets across the US long-term agroecosystem research network.

Phosphorus (P) budgets can be useful tools for understanding nutrient cycling and quantifying the effectiveness of nutrient management planning and policies; however, uncertainties in agricultural nutrient budgets are not often quantitatively assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate uncertainty in P fluxes (fertilizer/manure application, atmospheric deposition, irrigation, crop removal, surface runoff, and leachate) and the propagation of these uncertainties to annual P budgets. Data from 56 cropping systems in the P-FLUX database, which spans diverse rotations and landscapes across the United States and Canada, were evaluated.

Palladium-catalyzed remote -C-H olefination of cinnamates.

The palladium-catalyzed remote -C-H olefination of geometrically challenging substituted cinnamates using a nitrile directing group derived from 2-cyanobenzoic acid has been described. This new protocol is applicable to various olefin coupling partners and provides the corresponding -olefinated products in very good yields and with high selectivity. In addition, using this methodology, a variety of acrylates with tethered bioactive molecules, such as naphthoquinone, methyl salicylate, paracetamol, thymol, sesamol, chalcone, naproxen, cholesterol and estrone, have been coupled to produce the desired -olefinated products.

Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: An updated microbiological review.

A class of organic priority pollutants known as PAHs is of critical public health and environmental concern due to its carcinogenic properties as well as its genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic properties. Research to eliminate PAHs from the environment has increased significantly due to awareness about their negative effects on the environment and human health. Various environmental factors, including nutrients, microorganisms present and their abundance, and the nature and chemical properties of the PAH affect the biodegradation of PAHs.

Genotypic characterization of Japanese encephalitis virus circulating in swine population of India: Genotype-III still in dominance.

Swine is considered as a suitable sentinel to predict Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) outbreaks in humans. The present study was undertaken to determine the circulating genotypes of JEV in swine population of India. A total of 702 swine serum samples from four states of western, northern, northern-temperate, and north-eastern zones of India were screened by real-time RT-PCR targeting envelope gene of JEV, which showed positivity of 35.

Pearls and pitfalls of posterior superior iliac spine reference frame placement for spinal navigation: cadaveric series.

Background: Navigation and robotics are important tools in the spine surgeon's armamentarium and use of these tools requires placement of a reference frame. The posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is a commonly used site for reference frame placement, due to its location away from the surgical corridor and its ability to provide solid fixation. Placement of a reference frame requires not only familiarity with proper technique, but also command of the relevant anatomy.

Molecular Genomic Study of Inhibin Molecule Production through Granulosa Cell Gene Expression in Inhibin-Deficient Mice.

Inhibin is a molecule that belongs to peptide hormones and is excreted through pituitary gonadotropins stimulation action on the granulosa cells of the ovaries. However, the differential regulation of inhibin and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on granulosa cell tumor growth in mice inhibin-deficient females is not yet well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of inhibin and FSH on the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles at the premature antral stage.

Comparative effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and passive vertebral mobilization for neck disability in patients with mechanical neck pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Passive Vertebral Mobilization (PVM), both when given in adjunct to routine physical therapy (RPT), on neck disability in patients with mechanical neck pain (MNP).

Methods: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted on 90 patients with MNP at the National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan, from September 2015 to March 2018. The participants aged between 18 and 65 years were recruited through a simple random sampling technique and randomly divided into three groups i.

Verona integron-encoded metallo-Beta-lactamase (VIM) and Vietnam extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase (VEB) producing pseudomonas balearica from a clinical specimen.

Pseudomonas balearica, a saprophyte found in marshy and marine habitats, is not routinely differentiated from P. aeruginosa and P. stutzeri using automated systems and hence has not been reported from clinical samples.

Phosphorus availability and leaching losses in annual and perennial cropping systems in an upper US Midwest landscape.

Excessive phosphorus (P) applications to croplands can contribute to eutrophication of surface waters through surface runoff and subsurface (leaching) losses. We analyzed leaching losses of total dissolved P (TDP) from no-till corn, hybrid poplar (Populus nigra X P. maximowiczii), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus), native grasses, and restored prairie, all planted in 2008 on former cropland in Michigan, USA.

Caffeine as a Neoadjuvant Therapy in Parathyroid Adenomas: A Narrative Review.

Caffeine is the most used central nervous system stimulant drug to date. Many studies have shown the association of caffeine with bone remodeling, urinary calcium excretion, kidney stones, acid peptic disease, and the development of cancer. However, there has been very little research exploring the association between caffeine use and parathyroid gland disorders.

Assessment of Surgical Procedural Time, Pedicle Screw Accuracy, and Clinician Radiation Exposure of a Novel Robotic Navigation System Compared With Conventional Open and Percutaneous Freehand Techniques: A Cadaveric Investigation.

Study Design: Cadaveric study.

Objective: To evaluate accuracy, radiation exposure, and surgical time of a new robotic-assisted navigation (RAN) platform compared with freehand techniques in conventional open and percutaneous procedures.

Methods: Ten board-certified surgeons inserted 16 pedicle screws at T10-L5 (n = 40 per technique) in 10 human cadaveric torsos.

Atypical Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), belonging to a group of RNA-enveloped viruses and believed to be transmitted by aerosol route, is a worldwide pandemic. Many studies have described typical clinical manifestations such as fever, cough, fatigue, diarrhea, and nasal congestion. However, to our knowledge, there are minimal studies on the neurological manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients.

Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen from agricultural soils in the upper US Midwest.

Leaching losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) from agricultural systems are important to water quality and carbon and nutrient balances but are rarely reported; the few available studies suggest linkages to litter production (DOC) and nitrogen fertilization (DON). In this study we examine the leaching of DOC, DON, NO, and NH from no-till corn (maize) and perennial bioenergy crops (switchgrass, miscanthus, native grasses, restored prairie, and poplar) grown between 2009 and 2016 in a replicated field experiment in the upper Midwest U.S.

Single-Level In Vitro Kinematic Comparison of Novel Inline Cervical Interbody Devices With Intervertebral Screw, Anchor, or Blade.

Study Design: In vitro cadaveric biomechanical study.

Objective: To compare the biomechanics of integrated anchor and blade versus traditional screw fixation techniques for interbody fusion.

Methods: Fifteen cadaveric cervical spines were divided into 3 equal groups (n = 5).

Two step, one-pot sequential synthesis of functionalized hybrid polyheterocyclic scaffolds a solid state melt reaction (SSMR).

A new one pot assembly of highly functionalized benzo[]phenazinone fused chromene/bicyclic scaffolds a domino Knoevenagel intramolecular hetero-Diels-Alder (IMHDA) strategy using a solid state melt reaction (SSMR) of 2-hydroxynaphthalene 1,4-dione, -phenylenediamine, -allyl salicylaldehyde/-vinyl salicylaldehyde derivatives is reported. The formation of five new bonds (two C-C bonds and three C-O bonds), three six-membered rings, and three stereogenic centers in a one-pot manner is very attractive. Ease of reaction with short time, good yields with water as the only byproduct and work up free procedure are some of the excellent features of the present protocol.

Comparative effect of driving side on low back pain due to Repetitive Ipsilateral Rotation.

Objective: To determine the effects of repetitive ipsilateral rotation on low back pain among the taxi drivers of right and left hand drive.

Methods: A total of 1200 (600 Iran+600 Pakistan) male taxi drivers, aged between 20-60 years with work experience of more than one year were randomly selected and interviewed in Tehran (Iran) & Lahore (Pakistan) to fill self-administered questionnaires in Persian and Urdu languages which contained socio-demographic, work related and LBP characteristics. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models were employed for statistical analyses.

Inhibition of Hyperuricemia and Gouty Arthritis in BALB/c Mice Using Copper Oxide Nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles are known for their unique properties and are being utilized in various disciplines of sciences. Their nanosize enables them to higher exposure and higher availability when given orally. Gout is an inflammatory disease caused by deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition into the joints.

Biomechanical evaluation of traditional posterior versus anterior spondylolisthesis reduction in a cadaveric grade I slip model.

Objective: Posterior reduction with pedicle screws is often used for stabilization of unstable spondylolisthesis to directly reduce misalignment or protect against micromotion while fusion of the affected level occurs. Optimal treatment of spondylolisthesis combines consistent reduction with a reduced risk of construct failure. The authors compared the reduction achieved with a novel anterior integrated spacer with a built-in reduction mechanism (ISR) to the reduction achieved with pedicle screws alone, or in combination with an anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) spacer, in a cadaveric grade I spondylolisthesis model.

A novel technique for sacropelvic fixation using image-guided sacroiliac screws: a case series and biomechanical study.

In this study, we sought to assess the safety and accuracy of sacropelvic fixation performed with image-guided sacroiliac screw placement using postoperative computed tomography and X-rays. The sacroiliac screws were placed with navigation in five patients. Intact specimens were mounted onto a six-degrees-of-freedom spine motion simulator.