Characterising immune-related adverse events in different types of cancer among Chinese patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for monotherapy and combined therapy with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in China since 2018. The number of patients receiving ICIs has significantly increased in recent years, and the collection and analysis of this data are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of their clinical outcomes and adverse effects. The effects of ICIs may vary among different ethnic groups, and there is a lack of such data in the Chinese population.

Attitude and willingness of biodiversity conservation in Chinese university students: Associated factors and the mediation of social support.

In this cross-sectional study of 1475 Chinese university students, we explored associated factors of attitude and willingness of biodiversity conservation, analyzed the hypothesized mediation by social support in the association between attitude and willingness of biodiversity conservation. Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that major and social support were prominently related to both attitude and willingness of biodiversity conservation. Besides, path model identified a statistically significant mediation by social support, sex, race, and family residence presented noticeable effect modification on the mediation of social support.

A new strategy to exploit maximum rate performance for aqueous batteries through a judicious selection of MOF-type electrodes.

A metal-organic framework (MOF) having a redox active 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxdiimide (NDI) derivative in its organic linker shows excellent rate performance as an electrode material for aqueous batteries thanks to its large pores. Among aqueous electrolytes examined, K-based ones exhibit the highest rate performance, which is caused by the highest mobility of the smallest hydrated K ion not only in the aqueous electrolyte but also in the electrode. Since the use of a counter electrode with insufficiently small pores for the full-cell configuration offsets this merit, our study may lead to a conclusion that the maximum rate performance for aqueous batteries will be accomplished only through further elaboration of both electrode materials with sufficiently large pores, in which hydrated ions can travel equally fast as those in the electrolyte.

Research Status, Synthesis and Clinical Application of Antiepileptic Drugs.

According to the 2017 ILAE's official definition, epilepsy is a slow brain disease state characterized by recurrent episodes. Due to information released by ILAE in 2017, it can be divided into four types, including focal epilepsy, generalized epilepsy, combined generalized, and focal epilepsy, and unknown epilepsy. Since 1989, 24 new antiepileptic drugs have been approved to treat different types of epilepsy.

The Ecological Roles of Medium and Small Carnivores in the Terrestrial Animal Community in Liancheng National Nature Reserve, China.

It is vitally important to understand the ecological roles of medium and small carnivores in the context of the massive decline in the number of large carnivores around the world. Based on a spatial association network of terrestrial birds and mammals, this study analyzed the ecological roles of medium and small carnivores in the community in Liancheng National Nature Reserve. From October 2019 to June 2020, we obtained 3559 independent detections of 20 terrestrial birds and mammals from 112 camera traps.

Interspecific association of sika deer in terrestrial animal communities of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, China.

The prevention and control of invasive of alien species is an important work for nature reserves. This study analyzes the development trend of the alien species sika deer in Liancheng National Nature Reserve. From October 2019 to June 2020, 3523 valid photos and videos of terrestrial animals were acquired from 130 camera traps, and sika deer were recorded in 21 photos from 13 traps.

Impact of Education for Sustainable Development on Cognition, Emotion, and Behavior in Protected Areas.

Education for sustainable development (ESD) of protected areas is proposed to deal with global climate change and biodiversity conversation. It focuses on the "quality education" and "protection" of the United Nations' sustainable development goals (UN SDGs), not only taking protected areas as the education place, but also as the theme and content of education. Based on cognitive-behavior theory and social emotional learning theory, this study constructs a "cognitive-emotion-behavior" dimension framework of ESD in protected areas, selecting Potatso National Park in Yunnan as a case study.

Does Environmental Interpretation Impact Public Ecological Flow Experience and Responsible Behavior? A Case Study of Potatso National Park, China.

Being responsible for ensuring nature preservation, environmental interpretation raises people's awareness of nature preservation as a form of public service, and enhance their environmentally responsible behavior. Based on the flow theory, this study proposes a conceptual model of environmental interpretation impacts on visit motivation, ecological experience, environmental attitudes, and environmental behaviors. Selecting the users (visitors) of environmental interpretation at Potatso National Park in Shangri-La, Yunnan Province, China, we obtained 568 valid questionnaires and used Amos software to analyze a structural equation model to verify the model.

Effects of Five-Step Nutritional Interventions Conducted by a Multidisciplinary Care Team on Gastroenteric Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The present study aims to report a five-step nutritional intervention conducted by a multidisciplinary care team as well as to investigate its effects on the nutritional status and quality of life of gastroenteric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. A total of 176 patients with newly diagnosed gastroenteric cancer were enrolled in the observational study. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed using Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002), and anthropometry and biological tests were performed.

Eco-Efficiency and Its Drivers in Tourism Sectors with Respect to Carbon Emissions from the Supply Chain: An Integrated EEIO and DEA Approach.

Eco-efficiency analysis can provide useful information about sustainability in the tourism industry, which has an important role in both global economy recovery and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), generating considerable indirect carbon emissions with respect to the supply chain due to its significant connections to other industries. This study, from the perspective of tourism sectors, including tourism hotels, travel agencies, and scenic spots, integrated the environmentally extended input-output analysis (EEIO) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to develop a research framework, analyzing the indirect carbon emissions of the tourism supply chain, evaluating eco-efficiency with respect to both direct carbon emissions and total carbon emissions (including direct and indirect parts), and exploring the driving factors of eco-efficiency of tourism sectors using Tobit regression models. This study took Gansu as a case, a province in China characterized by higher carbon intensity, an underdeveloped economy, and rapid tourism growth.

Targeting Janus Kinase (JAK) for Fighting Diseases: The Research of JAK Inhibitor Drugs.

Janus Kinase (JAK), a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase, has emerged as an excellent target through research and development since its discovery in the 1990s. As novel small-molecule targeted drugs, JAK inhibitor drugs have been successfully used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), myelofibrosis (MF), and ulcerative colitis (UC). With the gradual development of JAK targets in the market, JAK inhibitors have also received considerable feedback in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), Crohn's disease (CD), and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Silver dressings for the healing of venous leg ulcer: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

This study was aimed to evaluate whether silver-containing dressings were superior to other types of dressings in the treatment of venous leg ulcers (VLU) and their specific advantages.Eight databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid-Medline, Wanfang, VIP, China Biology Medicine, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were systematically reviewed from inception to May 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was complete wound healing, and the secondary outcomes included absolute wound size changes (change of cm area since baseline), relative changes (percentage change of area relative to baseline), and healing rate.

Prognostic Role of IL-18 in Various Human Cancers and Radiation Injuries: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: In recent years, more and more studies have shown that various inflammatory factors have predictive effects on the prognosis of various human tumors. However, the prognostic role of interleukin 18 (IL-18) remains controversial. Furthermore, its role in radiation-induced injuries relating to radiotherapy (RT) is also unclear.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain R3, a Red-Pigmented l-Amino Acid Oxidase-Producing Bacterium.

Here, we report a draft 5.58-Mb genome sequence of Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain R3, isolated from an intertidal-zone sludge sample, which has l-amino acid oxidase activity.

Exploring regulation genes involved in the expression of L-amino acid oxidase in Pseudoalteromonas sp. Rf-1.

Bacterial L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) is believed to play important biological and ecological roles in marine niches, thus attracting increasing attention to understand the regulation mechanisms underlying its production. In this study, we investigated genes involved in LAAO production in marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. Rf-1 using transposon mutagenesis.

Advances in detection methods of L-amino acid oxidase activity.

L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) is widely distributed in many different organisms and found to play important biological roles, thus attracting a great deal of attention for characterization of its activity. Diverse detection methods with their own properties have been established. This review advanced different LAAO activity assays based on substrate consumption, cofactor amount, and product accumulation.

Neurocognitive impairment in Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome.

Background And Objective: Sleep-disordered breathing is known to be associated with impairment in cognitive function. The aim of this study was to characterize neurocognitive impairment in a cohort of Chinese patients with varying severities of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS), and to develop a sensitive instrument for routine screening of cognitive impairment.

Methods: Eligible patients (n = 394) were categorized into a primary snoring group, and mild, moderate and severe OSAHS groups, based on assessment of AHI.

Daytime sleepiness and its determining factors in Chinese obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in a large cohort of Chinese patients with various severity of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), and investigate its correlations with clinical/polysomnographic variables.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,035 consecutive Chinese patients with snoring (mean age ± SD 45 ± 15 years, BMI 26.6 ± 4.