Gain Saturation of Encapsulated CdTe-Ag Quantum Dot Composite in SiO.

Amplified spontaneous emission of CdTe and CdTe-Ag quantum dot composites were compared for increasing the optical stripe length, whereby optical gain coefficients for various emission wavelengths were obtained. In the case of CdTe-Ag nanoparticle composites, we observed that plasmonic coupling causes both optical enhancement and quenching at different wavelengths, where the amplified spontaneous emission intensity becomes enhanced at short wavelengths but suppressed at long wavelengths (>600 nm). To analyze the logistic stripe length dependence of amplified spontaneous emission intensity, we used a differential method to obtain the gain coefficient beyond the amplification range.

Feasibility and Safety of Targeted Temperature Management During Interhospital Transport of Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients.

Objectives: Early initiation of targeted temperature management (TTM) is crucial for post-resuscitation care. Although TTM is initiated prior to transport and continued during interhospital transport (IHT), its feasibility and safety during IHT for cardiac arrest patients have not been thoroughly assessed. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of interhospital TTM for post-resuscitation patients.

Anomalous Water Penetration in Al Dissolution.

The physicochemical characterization of trivalent ions is limited due to a lack of accurate force fields. By leveraging the latest machine learning force field to model aqueous AlCl, we discover that upon dissolution of Al, water molecules beyond the second hydration shell are involved in the hydration process. A combination of scissoring of coordinating water is followed by synchronized secondary motion of water in the second solvation shell due to hydrogen bonding.

Long-term outcome followed for more than 5 years after revascularization surgery for the treatment of atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease: poor outcome prediction using machine learning and analysis of the results.

Cerebral revascularization for the treatment of atherosclerotic steno-occlusive disease (ASOD) was found to have no benefit compared with medical treatment. However, there is also criticism that with sufficiently long-term follow-up, a crossover might emerge demonstrating the advantages of surgery. Therefore, we examined the long-term outcome of cerebral revascularization performed on patients with carefully selected ASOD at our center.

Automated volumetric analysis of the inner ear fluid space from hydrops magnetic resonance imaging using 3D neural networks.

Due to the development of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging processing technology, image-based identification of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) has played an important role in understanding inner ear illnesses, such as Meniere's disease or fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss. We segmented the inner ear, consisting of the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals, using a 3D-based deep neural network model for accurate and automated EH volume ratio calculations. We built a dataset of MR cisternography (MRC) and HYDROPS-Mi2 stacks labeled with the segmentation of the perilymph fluid space and endolymph fluid space of the inner ear to devise a 3D segmentation deep neural network model.

Ferroptosis-Mediated Inflammation Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by impaired lipid metabolism and heightened reactive oxygen species generation, results in lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an inflammatory mode of cell death that promotes complement activation and macrophage recruitment. In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), pulmonary arterial endothelial cells exhibit cellular phenotypes that promote ferroptosis.

Combustion visualization analysis of alternative fuels in the pulverized coal injection raceway through laminar flow reactor.

Currently, the steelmaking process uses a pulverized coal injection (PCI) system that serves as the heat source and reductant for ironmaking (blast furnace and FINEX) where system uses expensive high-grade coal and high operating costs. Hydrogen steelmaking is currently being developed to achieve carbon-free operation. To achieve a soft-landing during this phase of rapid change, the use of biomass and inexpensive, thermal coal, and coke dust is necessary.

Minimal-gain-printed silicon nanolaser.

While there have been notable advancements in Si-based optical integration, achieving compact and efficient continuous-wave (CW) III-V semiconductor nanolasers on Si at room temperature remains a substantial challenge. This study presents an innovative approach: the on-demand minimal-gain-printed Si nanolaser. By using a carefully designed minimal III-V optical gain structure and a precise on-demand gain-printing technique, we achieve lasing operation with superior spectral stability under pulsed conditions and observe a strong signature of CW operation at room temperature.

Digital assessment of cognitive-affective biases related to mental health.

With an increasing societal need for digital therapy solutions for poor mental health, we face a corresponding rise in demand for scientifically validated digital contents. In this study we aimed to lay a sound scientific foundation for the development of brain-based digital therapeutics to assess and monitor cognitive effects of social and emotional bias across diverse populations and age-ranges. First, we developed three computerized cognitive tasks using animated graphics: 1) an emotional flanker task designed to test attentional bias, 2) an emotional go-no-go task to measure bias in memory and executive function, and 3) an emotional social evaluation task to measure sensitivity to social judgments.

Standard diet and animal source influence hippocampal spatial reference learning and memory in congenic C57BL/6J mice.

Background: Assessing learning and memory has become critical to evaluate brain function in health, aging or neurological disease. The hippocampus is crucially involved in these processes as illustrated by H.M.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and malfunction in adult patients: incidence, risk factors, and long-term follow-up of single institution experience.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery was developed to manage excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles and is considered a mainstream treatment. Despite the development of the shunt device system, various complications still occur. In this study, we reported 307 cases and a long-term follow-up of at least five years of adult patients who underwent VP shunt surgery and analyzed various factors that may affect revision surgery.

MXene-Enhanced Ionovoltaic Effect by Evaporation and Water Infiltration in Semiconductor Nanochannels.

In recent years, substantial attention has been directed toward energy-harvesting systems that exploit sunlight energy and water resources. Intensive research efforts are underway to develop energy generation methodologies through interactions with water using various materials. In the present investigation, we synthesized sodium vanadium oxide (SVO) nanorods with n-type semiconductor characteristics.

W-DRAG: A joint framework of WGAN with data random augmentation optimized for generative networks for bone marrow edema detection in dual energy CT.

Dual-energy computed tomography (CT) is an excellent substitute for identifying bone marrow edema in magnetic resonance imaging. However, it is rarely used in practice owing to its low contrast. To overcome this problem, we constructed a framework based on deep learning techniques to screen for diseases using axial bone images and to identify the local positions of bone lesions.

Simulation of a Multistaggered Baffle Scrubber to Enhance the Efficiency of Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification.

In this study, we conduct simulation research on simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification in a multistaggered baffle spray scrubber. By employing two-phase flow simulations within the Euler-Lagrange framework and calculating the gas-liquid mass transfer rate with user-defined functions, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of various operational parameters. Initially, we validated our simulation model by comparing the simulation results with experimental data.

Risk factors for scabies in hospital: a systematic review.

Background: Annually, 175.4 million people are infected with scabies worldwide. Although parasitic infections are important nosocomial infections, they are unrecognized compared to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.

Sparse ordinal discriminant analysis.

Ordinal class labels are frequently observed in classification studies across various fields. In medical science, patients' responses to a drug can be arranged in the natural order, reflecting their recovery postdrug administration. The severity of the disease is often recorded using an ordinal scale, such as cancer grades or tumor stages.

A Gradient Stiffness-Programmed Circuit Board by Spatially Controlled Phase-Transition of Supercooled Hydrogel for Stretchable Electronics Integration.

Due to emerging demands in soft electronics, there is an increasing need for material architectures that support robust interfacing between soft substrates, stretchable electrical interconnects, and embedded rigid microelectronics chips. Though researchers have adopted rigid-island structures to solve the issue, this approach merely shifts stress concentrations from chip-conductor interfaces to rigid-island-soft region interfaces in the substrate. Here, a gradient stiffness-programmed circuit board (GS-PCB) that possesses high stretchability and stability with surface mounted chips is introduced.

Role of UPF1 in lncRNA-HEIH regulation for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

UPF1, a novel posttranscriptional regulator, regulates the abundance of transcripts, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and thus plays an important role in cell homeostasis. In this study, we revealed that UPF1 regulates the abundance of hepatocellular carcinoma upregulated EZH2-associated lncRNA (lncRNA-HEIH) by binding the CG-rich motif, thereby regulating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. UPF1-bound lncRNA-HEIH was susceptible to degradation mediated by UPF1 phosphorylation via SMG1 and SMG5.

Strain-Insensitive Outdoor Wearable Electronics by Thermally Robust Nanofibrous Radiative Cooler.

Stable outdoor wearable electronics are gaining attention due to challenges in sustaining consistent device performance outdoors, where sunlight exposure and user movement can disrupt operations. Currently, researchers have focused on integrating radiative coolers into wearable devices for outdoor thermal management. However, these approaches often rely on heat-vulnerable thermoplastic polymers for radiative coolers and strain-susceptible conductors that are unsuitable for wearable electronics.

Preclinical Study of Dual-Wavelength Light-Emitting Diode Therapy in an Osteoarthritis Rat Model.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of light-emitting diode (LED) and their dual-wavelengths as a treatment strategy for osteoarthritis.

Methods: We induced osteoarthritis in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intra-articular injection of sodium iodoacetate into the right rear knee joint. The animals with lesions were divided into an untreated group and an LED-treated group (n=7 each).

Spontaneous Cortical Intracerebral Hemorrhage Causing Ipsilateral Hand and Oral Sensory Change Without Motor Deficit: A Case Report.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common stroke subtype associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although various brain regions are susceptible to ICH, putaminal hemorrhage is the most common, whereas cortical ICH is less common. Here, we report the case of a 69-year-old man who developed a parietal cortical ICH.

Tm4sf19 deficiency inhibits osteoclast multinucleation and prevents bone loss.

Background: Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast formation and has a unique ability to resorb bone matrix. During osteoclast differentiation, the cytoskeleton reorganization results in the generation of actin belts and eventual bone resorption. Tetraspanins are involved in adhesion, migration and fusion in various cells.